| 包被植物乳杆菌和屎肠球菌对肉鸡生长性能、免疫和抗氧化功能以及肠道菌群的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋丹,段涛,成俊林,乔琳,王丽,陈丽仙,李爱科,王薇薇.包被植物乳杆菌和屎肠球菌对肉鸡生长性能、免疫和抗氧化功能以及肠道菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2022,34(2):877-887. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋丹 段涛 成俊林 乔琳 王丽 陈丽仙 李爱科 王薇薇 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食品质营养研究所,北京 100037;西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨陵 712100;国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食品质营养研究所,北京 100037 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(JY2016和ZX1924);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202010001);北京市家禽产业创新团队(BAIC04)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在研究双层包被植物乳杆菌和屎肠球菌对肉鸡生长性能、免疫和抗氧化功能以及肠道菌群的影响。选取144只体重相近、健康的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉公鸡,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加1 g/kg包被植物乳杆菌(活菌数为1.0×1010CFU/g)(ELP组)、1 g/kg包被屎肠球菌(活菌数为1.0×1010CFU/g)(EEF组)和1 g/kg包被植物乳杆菌+1 g/kg包被屎肠球菌(ELE组)的饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡1~21日龄末重和平均日增重(ADG)显著提高(P<0.05),其中ELP组末重和ADG比对照组分别提高了12.77%和13.86%。2)21日龄,与对照组相比,ELE组肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量显著提高(P<0.05),EEF组血清IgA和免疫球蛋白M含量显著提高(P<0.05);21和42日龄,与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-2和白细胞介素-6含量显著降低(P<0.05),血清白细胞介素-10含量显著提高(P<0.05),其中ELE组改善细胞因子效果最强。3)与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡21日龄血清以及21和42日龄肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力显著提高(P <0.05),42日龄血清GSH-Px和SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05),21和42日龄肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),且EEF组和ELE组42日龄血清MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),其中ELE组抗氧化效果最好。4)与对照组相比,ELP组肉鸡粪便中粪臭素含量显著降低(P<0.05),粪便中吲哚含量有降低趋势(P>0.05)。5)与对照组相比,ELP组肉鸡盲肠菌群Chao1指数和ACE指数显著提高(P<0.05)。在门水平,与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡盲肠菌群相对丰度无显著差异(P>0.05),各组优势菌群都为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),其次是拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。在属水平,与对照组相比,试验组盲肠菌群中未鉴别毛螺菌科(unidentified Lachnospiraceae)相对丰度显著降低(P <0.05);ELP组粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),f_胃球菌科(f_uminococcaceae)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度提高了20.11倍(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加包被植物乳杆菌能够显著提高肉鸡1~21日龄生长性能,改善肠道菌群组成,降低粪便中臭味物质含量;饲粮添加包被植物乳杆菌和包被屎肠球菌及其组合均能显著提高肉鸡免疫和抗氧化功能,且联合添加效果更佳。
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| 关 键 词： | 包被植物乳杆菌 包被屎肠球菌 生长性能 免疫和抗氧化功能 肠道菌群 肉鸡 |
Effects of Embedded Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium on Growth Performance,Immune and Antioxidant Function and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers |
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| SONG Dan,DUAN Tao,CHEN Junlin,QIAO Lin,WANG Li,CHENG Lixian,LI Aike,WANG Weiwei.Effects of Embedded Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium on Growth Performance,Immune and Antioxidant Function and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers[J].Acta Zoonutrimenta Sinica,2022,34(2):877-887. |
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| Authors: | SONG Dan DUAN Tao CHEN Junlin QIAO Lin WANG Li CHENG Lixian LI Aike WANG Weiwei |
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| Institution: | (Institute of Grain Quality Nutrition,Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration,Beijing 100037,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China) |
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| Abstract: | This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of double-embedded Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium on growth performance,immune and antioxidant function and intestinal microflora of broilers. One hundred and forty-four Arbor Acres(AA)male broilers of one-day-old with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 6 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,and those in in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg embedded Lactobacillus plantarum(live bacterial count was 1. 0 × 1010 CFU/g)(ELP group),1 g/kg embedded Enterococcus faecium(live bacterial count was 1.0×1010 CFU/g)(EEF group)and 1 g/kg embedded Lactobacillus plantarum+1 g/kg embedded Enterococcus faecium(ELE group),respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the final body weight and average daily gain(ADG)of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age in the experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the final body weight and ADG in ELP group were increased by 12.77% and 13.86% compared with the control group,respectively. 2)At 21 days of age,compared with the control group,the contents of immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A(IgA)in serum of broilers in ELE group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the contents of IgA and immunoglobulin M in serum of broilers in EEF group were significantly increased(P<0.05). At 21 and 42 days of age,compared with the control group,the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 in serum of broilers in the experimental groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the interleukin-10 content in serum was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the improvement effect in ELE group on cytokines was the strongest. 3)Compared with the control group,the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)and total antioxidant capacity in serum of broilers at 21 days of age and in liver at 21 and 42 days of age in the experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),the activities of GSH-Px and SOD in serum at 42 days of age were significantly increased(P<0.05),the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in liver at 21 and 42 days of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the MDA content in serum at42 days of age in EEF group and ELE group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and ELE group had the best antioxidant effect. 4)Compared with the control group,the fecal skatole content of broilers in ELP group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the fecal indole content had a decreasing trend(P > 0.05). 5)Compared with the control group,the Chao1 index and ACE index in cecal microflora of broilers in ELP group were significantly increased(P<0.05). At phylum level,compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in the relative abundance of cecal microflora of broilers in the experimental groups(P >0.05),and the dominant microflora in all groups was Firmicutes,followed by Bacteroidetes. At genus level,compared with the control group,the unidentified Lachnospiraceae relative abundance in cecal microflora in the experimental groups was significantly decreased(P < 0. 05);the Faecalibacterium relative abundance in ELP group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the f_Ruminococcaceae relative abundance was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the Lactobacillus relative abundance was increased by 20.11 times(P>0.05). In conclusion,dietary embedded Lactobacillus plantarum can significantly improve the growth performance and the intestinal microflora composition,and reduce the fecal odorous substance content of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age. The supplementation of embedded Lactobacillus plantarum and embedded Enterococcus faecium and their combination can significantly improve the immune and antioxidant function of broilers,and the combined supplementation has the better effect.Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(2):877-887] |
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| Keywords: | embedded Lactobacillus plantarum embedded Enterococcus faecium growth performance immune and antioxidant function intestinal microflora broilers |
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