| 饲料中胆汁酸添加水平对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长性能、形体指标及体成分的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑宗林,曾本和,向枭,周兴华,陈建,吕光俊,朱成科,李代金,任胜杰.饲料中胆汁酸添加水平对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长性能、形体指标及体成分的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016(8):2423-2430. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑宗林 曾本和 向枭 周兴华 陈建 吕光俊 朱成科 李代金 任胜杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西南大学荣昌校区水产系，淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室，水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室，重庆 402460;2. 西南大学荣昌校区水产系，淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室，水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室，重庆 402460; 西藏自治区农牧科学院水产研究所，拉萨 850000 |
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| 基金项目： | 重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目( cstc2013jcyjA80033)；西南大学青年基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在探索饲料中胆汁酸添加水平对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长性能、形体指标及体成分的影响。以360尾健康、平均体重为(12.74±0.14)g的齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼为试验对象,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。4组试验鱼分别投喂添加0(对照组)、75、150、300 mg/kg胆汁酸的试验饲料,养殖时间为70 d。结果表明:随着胆汁酸添加水平的增加,齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料蛋白质效率(PER)均呈先升高后趋于稳定的变化趋势,饲料系数(FCR)则呈先降低后趋于稳定的变化趋势。各胆汁酸添加组的WGR、SGR、PER均显著高于对照组(P0.05),而FCR则显著低于对照组(P0.05)。当胆汁酸添加水平为150 mg/kg时,WGR、SGR均达到最大值,分别为226.63%和1.69%/d;当胆汁酸添加水平为300 mg/kg时,PER达到最大值,为1.64%;FCR则在胆汁酸添加水平为75 mg/kg时有最小值,为1.56。通过二次回归分析可知,WGR、SGR、PER和FCR最佳时的胆汁酸添加水平分别为186.83、192.86、166.67和183.33 mg/kg。随着胆汁酸添加水平的增加,齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼的肥满度(CF)呈先升高后趋于稳定的变化趋势,脏体比(VSI)、肝体比(HSI)则呈先降低后趋于稳定的变化趋势。各胆汁酸添加组的CF显著高于对照组(P0.05),而VSI、HSI则显著低于对照组(P0.05)。随着胆汁酸添加水平的增加,齐口裂腹鱼全鱼及肌肉粗蛋白质含量呈先升高后趋于稳定的变化趋势,全鱼、肌肉及肝胰脏中粗脂肪含量则呈先降低后趋于稳定的变化趋势,但全鱼及肌肉中水分、粗灰分含量则无显著变化(P0.05)。由此得出,饲料中添加胆汁酸能有效地提高齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼的饲料利用率,促进其生长,改善其形体指标,减少其肌肉及肝脏中脂肪的沉积。综合考虑,齐口裂腹鱼饲料中胆汁酸适宜的添加水平为166.67~192.86mg/kg。
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| 关 键 词： | 齐口裂腹鱼 胆汁酸 生长性能 形体指标 体成分 |
Effects of Bile Acid Supplemental Level on Growth Performance,Physical Indices and Body Composition of Juvenile Schizothorax prenanti |
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| Abstract: | This experiment was conducted to study the effects of bile acid supplemental level on the growth per?formance, physical indices and body composition of juvenile Schizothorax prenanti. A total of 360 healthy ju?venile Schizothorax prenanti with the average body weight of (12.74±0.14) g were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates of 30 fish per replicate. Each group was fed a experimental diet containing either 0 ( control group) , 75, 150 or 300 mg/kg bile acid for 70 days. The results showed as follows: with bile acid supplemental level raising, the weight gain rate ( WGR) , specific growth rate( SGR) , protein efficiency ratio ( PER) had a trend of going up first and then leveled off. Conversely, the feed conversation ratio ( FCR) was firstly decreased and then to stabilization. The WGR, SGR and PER in bile acid supplemental groups were sig?nificantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), while the FCR in bile acid supplemental groups was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The WGR and SGR were all the highest (226.63%and 1.69%/d, respectively) when the bile acid supplemental level was 150 mg/kg, and the PER was the high?est (1.64%) when the bile acid supplemental level was 300 mg/kg, while the FCR was the lowest (1.56) when the bile acid supplemental level was 75 mg/kg. Based on square regression analysis, the suitable bile acid supplemental level was 186.83, 192.86, 166.67 and 183.33 mg/kg, respectively, when WGR, SGR, PER and FCR of juvenile Schizothorax prenanti were optimum. With bile acid supplemental level raising, the condi?tion factor ( CF) was initially increased and then leveled off, the viscerasomatic index ( VSI) and hepaticso?matic index ( HSI) were initially increased and then decreased. The CF in bile acid supplemental groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), while the VSI and HSI in bile acid supplemental groups were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The crude protein content of whole body and muscle was initially increased and then to stabilization with bile acid supplemental level raising, while the crude lipid content of whole body, muscle and hepatopancreas was initially decreased and then leveled off. There were no significant differences in moisture and crude ash contents of whole body and muscle with bile acid supplemental level raising (P>0.05). Results of above show that bile acid supplementation can improve feed efficiency, promote growth, improve physical indices and reduce fat deposition in muscle and liver of ju?venile Schizothorax prenanti. After comprehensive consideration, the suitable bile acid supplemental level in ju?venile Schizothorax prenanti diet is 166.67 to 192.86 mg/kg. |
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| Keywords: | Schizothorax prenanti bile acid growth performance physical indices body composition |
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