| 不同淀粉类型饲粮对育肥猪盲肠食糜主要微生物及其代谢产物的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 余苗,李贞明,陈卫东,容庭,王刚,马现永.不同淀粉类型饲粮对育肥猪盲肠食糜主要微生物及其代谢产物的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020(2):613-625. |
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| 作者姓名： | 余苗 李贞明 陈卫东 容庭 王刚 马现永 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所农业部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室畜禽育种国家重点实验室广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室广东省畜禽肉品质量安全控制与评定工程技术研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省农业科学院院长基金项目（201802B）;广东省农业科学院人才计划项目（201803）;国家自然科学基金项目（31902200）;畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室开放运行项目（2017B030314044）;广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2019KJ115）;广东省科技计划项目（2019A050505007) |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在研究不同淀粉类型饲粮对育肥猪盲肠食糜主要微生物及其代谢产物的影响。试验选取72头健康且初始体重相近的“杜×长×大”三元杂交阉公猪,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复3头猪。3组猪分别饲喂含有木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉和豌豆淀粉作为唯一淀粉来源配制的3种饲粮,饲粮的直链淀粉/支链淀粉分别为0.11、0.25和0.44。试验预试期4 d,正试期42 d。于正式试验的第42天,每个重复选取1头体重接近平均体重的猪进行屠宰,收集盲肠食糜进行相关指标的测定。结果表明:1)与木薯淀粉饲粮相比,豌豆淀粉饲粮显著降低育肥猪盲肠食糜的pH(P<0.05);2)与木薯淀粉饲粮相比,玉米淀粉和豌豆淀粉饲粮显著增加育肥猪盲肠食糜中乳酸的含量(P<0.05),同时豌豆淀粉饲粮显著增加食糜中乙酸、丁酸和总短链脂肪酸的含量(P<0.05);3)对于肠道微生物氮代谢产物而言,与木薯淀粉饲粮相比,玉米淀粉和豌豆淀粉饲粮显著降低育肥猪食糜中氨态氮、腐胺、总生物胺、吲哚和粪臭素的含量(P<0.05),同时豌豆淀粉饲粮显著降低食糜中尸胺和色胺的含量(P<0.05);4)对于微生物而言,与木薯淀粉饲粮相比,玉米淀粉和豌豆淀粉饲粮显著增加育肥猪盲肠食糜中普雷沃氏菌属的数量(P<0.05),而降低食糜中大肠杆菌的数量(P<0.05),同时豌豆淀粉饲粮增加了食糜中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、梭菌Ⅳ和梭菌ⅩⅣ的数量(P<0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,给育肥猪饲喂含有高直链的豌豆淀粉改变了其盲肠食糜中微生物的组成和发酵模式,增加了部分有益菌的数量和碳水化合物代谢产物的含量,降低了潜在致病菌的数量和氮代谢产物的含量,这提示摄食含有高直链的淀粉有利于维持宿主肠道健康。
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| 关 键 词： | 淀粉类型 育肥猪 盲肠 微生物 代谢产物 |
Effects of Different Starch Type Diets on Main Microbes and Their Metabolites in Cecal Digesta of Finishing Pigs |
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| YU Miao,LI Zhenming,CHEN Weidong,RONG Ting,WANG Gang,MA Xianyong.Effects of Different Starch Type Diets on Main Microbes and Their Metabolites in Cecal Digesta of Finishing Pigs[J].Acta Zoonutrimenta Sinica,2020(2):613-625. |
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| Authors: | YU Miao LI Zhenming CHEN Weidong RONG Ting WANG Gang MA Xianyong |
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| Institution: | (Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation,Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China) |
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| Abstract: | This study aimed to investigate the effects of different starch type diets on the main microbes and their metabolites in the cecal digesta of finishing pigs.Seventy?two healthy crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Large White)barrows with similar initial body weight were randomly allocated to three groups with 8 replicates per group and 3 pigs per replicate.Tapioca starch(TS),corn starch(CS)and pea starch(PS)were used as the only dietary starch sources to formulate diets for pigs in the three groups,and the amylose starch to amylopectin starch ratios were 0.11,0.25 and 0.44,respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 days after 4 days adaption.At day 42 of the formal trial period,one pig with body weight close to the average from each replicate was ran?domly selected and slaughtered,and then the cecal digesta was collected for correlated parameters analysis.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the TS diet,PS diet significantly decreased the pH in the cecal digesta of finishing pigs(P<0.05).2)Compared with the TS diet,CS and PS diets significantly increased the lactate content(P<0.05),and PS diet also significantly increased the contents of acetate,butyrate and total short?chain fatty acid(P<0.05)in the cecal digesta of finishing pigs.3)For intestinal microbial nitrogen me?tabolites,compared with the TS diet,CS and PS diets significantly decreased the contents of ammoniacal nitro?gen,putrescine,total biogetic amines,indole and skatole(P<0.05),and PS diet also significantly reduced the contents of cadaverine and tryptamine(P<0.05)in the cecal digesta of finishing pigs.4)For intestinal micorbes,compared with the TS diet,CS and PS diets significantly increased the Prevotella number(P<0.05),while significantly decreased the Escherichia coli number(P<0.05)in the cecal digesta of finishing pigs.Meanwhile,PS diet also significantly increased the numbers of Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium,Clostridi?um cluster Ⅳ and Clostridium cluster ⅩⅣ in the cecal digesta of finishing pigs compared with the TS diet(P<0.05).In conclusion,under the conditions of this trail,feeding PS diet with higher amylose starch in finishing pigs can alter the microbial composition and fermentation patterns,such as increases the number of some bene?ficial microbes and the contents of carbohydrate metabolites in the cecal digesta,while decreases the number of potential pathogenic microbe and the contents of nitrogen metabolites.These findings indicate that starch feed?ing with higher amylose starch may offer potential benefits for gut health of host. |
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| Keywords: | starch types finishing pigs cecum microbes metabolites |
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