| 泌乳牛不同胎次干奶期瘤胃发酵指标与甲烷产量的特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘志豪,贾鹏,赖琦,董利锋,吴秋珏,高彦华,田忠红,刁其玉.泌乳牛不同胎次干奶期瘤胃发酵指标与甲烷产量的特征[J].畜牧兽医学报,2022,53(12):4296-4305. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘志豪 贾鹏 赖琦 董利锋 吴秋珏 高彦华 田忠红 刁其玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所/反刍动物及其幼畜营养代谢中美联合研究中心, 北京 100081;2. 河南科技大学动物科技学院, 洛阳 471003;3. 西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院, 成都 610041;4. 山东银香伟业集团有限公司, 菏泽 274000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2016YFE0109000)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2021GH18) |
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| 摘 要： | 旨在采用GreenFeed测定系统评价胎次对干奶牛瘤胃发酵特征和甲烷(CH4)排放量的影响，进而获得在舍饲生理状态下的CH4排放规律，建立预测模型。试验共选取48头处于干奶期的荷斯坦奶牛，根据胎次分为4个组，每组12头奶牛，分别为一胎组、二胎组、三胎组、四胎及以上胎次组，试验期45 d，其中预试期5 d，正试期40 d。结果表明：1)三胎、四胎及以上组活体重和代谢体重显著高于一胎、二胎组(P<0.05)。2)三胎组的氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度显著高于一胎组(P<0.05)，与二胎、四胎及以上组无显著差异(P>0.05)；一胎、二胎组的微生物蛋白(MCP)显著高于四胎及以上组(P<0.05)，与三胎组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)；一胎组瘤胃中戊酸显著低于三胎组(P<0.05)，与二胎和四胎及以上组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)；各个处理组之间的总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)、pH、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、异戊酸、乙丙比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)干奶牛的平均CH4排放量为336 g·d-1，三胎、四胎及以上组干奶牛的CH4排放量显著高于一胎组牛(P<0.05)，与二胎组牛无显著差异(P>0.05)。4) CH4排放量与干奶牛胎次和体重呈极显著的正相关关系(P<0.01)，相关系数分别为0.47和0.61，基于体重建立预测模型：CH4排放量(g·d-1)=0.348×体重(kg)+64.018(R2=0.46)。综上可知，根据体重可以预测干奶期荷斯坦奶牛的CH4排放量。该模型还可用于验证其他生理阶段奶牛的CH4排放量。
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| 关 键 词： | 温室气体 甲烷 GreenFeed 瘤胃发酵 奶牛 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-17 |
Characteristics of Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production in Different Parity Dry Cows |
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| LIU Zhihao,JIA Peng,LAI Qi,DONG Lifeng,WU Qiujue,GAO Yanhua,TIAN Zhonghong,DIAO Qiyu.Characteristics of Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production in Different Parity Dry Cows[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2022,53(12):4296-4305. |
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| Authors: | LIU Zhihao JIA Peng LAI Qi DONG Lifeng WU Qiujue GAO Yanhua TIAN Zhonghong DIAO Qiyu |
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| Institution: | 1. Sino-US Joint Lab on Nutrition and Metabolism of Ruminants, Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;3. College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;4. Shandong Yinxiang Weiye Group Co. LTD., Heze 274000, China |
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| Abstract: | The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effect of parity time on ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane (CH4) production using the GreenFeed system, which examines relationships between methane (CH4) output and animal body weight and parity time, and to use these relationships to develop prediction equations for CH4 emission from Holstein cows at dry off in the normal physiological experimental under the housing condition. A total of 48 dry Holstein cows were selected and divided into 4 groups (12 cows in each group): first-, second-, third-, and fourth- and above-parity. The pre-trial period was 5 days and the formal trial period was 40 days. The results showed as follows: 1) The live weight and metabolic weight of third- and fourth- and above-parity groups were significantly higher than those of first- and second-parity groups (P<0.05). 2) Ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) of third-parity group was significantly higher than that of first-parity group (P<0.05), but no significant difference were found compared with the second-parity group and fourth- and above-parity groups (P>0.05); Compared with fourth- and above-parity group, microbial protein (MCP) of first-parity and second-parity groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference compared with the third-parity group (P>0.05); Compared with third-parity, valerate of first-parity group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but there was not significantly different from the second-parity and fourth- and above-parity groups (P>0.05); The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA), pH, acetate, propionate, butyrat, isobutyrate, isovalerate, and acetate to propionate ratio were not significantly different among the treatment groups (P>0.05). 3) The average CH4 emission of dry cows was 336 g·d-1. The CH4 emissions of dry cows within third-parity and fourth- and above-parity groups were significantly higher than those of first-parity group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference compared with the group second-parity (P>0.05). 4) CH4 emission was positively related to parity time and body weight (BW) of dry cows in the correlation coefficients of 0.47 or 0.61, respectively (P<0.01). Based on body weight to establish a prediction model CH4(g·d-1)=0.348×BW (kg)+64.018 (R2=0.46). It is concluded that CH4 emission of Holstein cows at dry off can be predicted from BW. The dataset can also be used to validate a range of prediction equations for CH4 production of cows under other physiologicalstates. |
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| Keywords: | greenhouse gas methane GreenFeed ruminal fermentation cows |
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