Seasonal and Diurnal Changes in Starch Content and Sugar Profiles of Bermudagrass in the Piedmont Region of the United States |
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| Authors: | Isabelle Ann Kagan PhD Brett H Kirch DVM PhD Craig D Thatcher DVM PhD Chris D Teutsch PhD François Elvinger Dr Med Vet PhD Dare M Shepherd BS Scott Pleasant DVM MS |
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| Institution: | aUSDA-ARS, Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY;bDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA;cSouthern Piedmont AREC, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blackstone, VA |
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| Abstract: | Seasonal and diurnal patterns of sugar accumulation in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) pastures were monitored to evaluate risk factors for pasture-associated laminitis of ponies and horses. Bermudagrass was collected from four plots in the morning and afternoon on a weekly basis, from mid-July until late August. Tissue was air-dried to simulate hay, or frozen to retain the sugar profiles of fresh pasture. Samples were analyzed colorimetrically for total water-soluble and ethanol-soluble carbohydrates, and electrochemically for starch. In addition, sugars were separated and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to pulsed amperometric detection. The dominant sugars in extracts were glucose, fructose, and sucrose. Some minor peaks, corresponding to tri- and tetrasaccharides, were also detected in some extracts. Starch increased over time in fresh and dried tissue, and concentrations varied diurnally in fresh, but not in dried tissue (P = .021). Sucrose in dried tissue decreased and then increased, with higher concentrations than in fresh tissue on all sampling dates (P = .024). Glucose and fructose exhibited diurnal variation on one and two dates, respectively (P = .034 and .0028, respectively). These results reveal trends in carbohydrate concentrations and profiles that may help to evaluate the likelihood of equine laminitis outbreaks on bermudagrass. |
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| Keywords: | Cynodon dactylon Sugars Starch HPLC-PAD Laminitis |
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