| 高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠胃肠组织形态比较研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 蔡新成,包达尔罕,周睿,马义杰,董克池,花立民.高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠胃肠组织形态比较研究[J].草地学报,2022,30(5):1237-1245. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蔡新成 包达尔罕 周睿 马义杰 董克池 花立民 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/国家林业草原高寒草地鼠害防控工程技术研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070;2. 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海 西宁 810016 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(32160338);甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-05);国家林业和草原局草地啮齿动物危害防控创新团队;甘肃省优秀研究生'创新之星'项目资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)与高原鼢鼠(Eospalax baileyi)胃肠道形态在高原恶劣环境中对食物资源和能量需求的适应对策，将捕获于青藏高原高寒草甸的高原鼠兔(8 ♀，7 ♂)和高原鼢鼠(9♀，6 ♂)解剖后，测定其胃肠道形态指标，采用独立样本t检验和协方差分析进行对比。结果显示，两种动物胃肠道形态在种内性别间差异表现为雄性高原鼠兔小肠长度、盲肠鲜重显著大于雌性(P＜0.05)，雄性高原鼢鼠小肠和盲肠长度、大肠鲜重及胃和大肠净鲜重显著高于雌性(P＜0.05)。在种间水平上，高原鼠兔小肠和盲肠长度、盲肠净鲜重显著大于高原鼢鼠(P＜0.05)，而其胃和大肠长度、大肠鲜重显著小于高原鼢鼠(P＜0.05)。研究表明，高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠的前肠和后肠因其种间能量需求和食性的不同存在代偿性差异；同一物种雌、雄个体均通过改变小肠长度来适应性别间差异化的能量需求。
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| 关 键 词： | 高原鼠兔 高原鼢鼠 胃肠道 适应策略 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-09-10 |
Comparison of the Gastrointestinal Tract Morphology between Plateau Pika and Plateau Zokor |
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| CAI Xin-cheng,BAO Darhan,ZHOU Rui,MA Yi-jie,DONG Ke-chi,HUA Li-min.Comparison of the Gastrointestinal Tract Morphology between Plateau Pika and Plateau Zokor[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2022,30(5):1237-1245. |
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| Authors: | CAI Xin-cheng BAO Darhan ZHOU Rui MA Yi-jie DONG Ke-chi HUA Li-min |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University/Engineering and Technology Research Center for Alpine Rodent Pests Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;2. Academy of animal husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China |
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| Abstract: | The study compared the gender and species differences in gastrointestinal tract morphology between plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) and plateau zokors (Eospalax baileyi) in order to explore the adaptation strategy of these two small mammals on food resources and energy requirements in the harsh environment of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Fifteen plateau pikas (8 ♀,7 ♂) and fifteen plateau zokors (9 ♀,6 ♂) living in the alpine meadow in QTP were dissected in October 2020 and the morphological indicators of the gastrointestinal tract were measured. The independent sample t-test and analysis of covariance were used to compare the intraspecific and interspecific differences in gastrointestinal tract morphology of the two mammals. The results showed that the gastrointestinal tract morphology of plateau pikas and plateau zokors had obvious intraspecific and interspecific differences. Among the intraspecific gender differences,the length of the small intestine and the weight with contents of the cecum in male plateau pikas were significantly larger than those of the females (P<0.05). The length of the small intestine and cecum,the weight with contents of the large intestine,and the weight of the stomach and large intestine of male plateau zokors were significantly higher than those of the females (P<0.05). For the interspecific differences,the length of the small intestine and cecum,the weight of cecum of plateau pikas were significantly greater than those of plateau zokor (P<0.05),while the length of the stomach and large intestine and the weight with contents of the large intestine were significantly smaller than those of plateau zokors (P<0.05). In conclusion,there were compensatory differences in the foregut and hindgut of plateau pikas and plateau zokors due to interspecific difference in energy needs and feeding habits. The male and female individuals of the same species adjust the length of small intestine to adopt the different energy requirements. |
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| Keywords: | Plateau pika Plateau zokor Gastrointestinal tract Adaptive strategy |
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