| 人为活动干扰对甘南高寒草甸喜马拉雅旱獭食性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张彩军,王小燕,刘倩倩,安康,蒲强胜,王志成,苏军虎.人为活动干扰对甘南高寒草甸喜马拉雅旱獭食性的影响[J].草地学报,2022,30(5):1219-1226. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张彩军 王小燕 刘倩倩 安康 蒲强胜 王志成 苏军虎 |
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| 作者单位： | 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃农业大学-新西兰梅西大学草地生物多样性研究中心, 国家林业草原高寒草地鼠害防控工程技术研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(31760706);甘肃省陇原青年创新创业人才团队项目(LYRC2019-5);甘肃省林草局科技支撑项目(2019-423-3)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 人为活动会对草地生态系统的组成、过程和功能产生极大影响。明确人为活动干扰对甘南高寒草甸喜马拉雅旱獭(Marmota himalayana)食性的影响，可为其管理提供重要依据。本研究利用粪便显微组织分析法，分析比较了自然生境和两种人为活动干扰生境下喜马拉雅旱獭夏季的食物组成、比例、多样性及其营养生态位的变化。结果表明，喜马拉雅旱獭主要采食杂类草和禾本科植物，不同生境下其采食的植物种类变化不大，采食垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)的比例最大(自然生境、干扰生境1和干扰生境2的相对密度分别为46.67%，24.59%和19.00%)。相较自然生境，干扰生境下喜马拉雅旱獭对莎草科和禾本科植物采食相对比例显著降低，而对杂类草的采食相对比例显著增加。人为活动干扰后，喜马拉雅旱獭食物的多样性指数增高，食物生态位宽度增加，拓宽自身食物生态位宽度是喜马拉雅旱獭应对人为活动干扰的重要策略。
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| 关 键 词： | 人为活动干扰 高寒草甸 喜马拉雅旱獭 食性 营养生态位 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-08-25 |
Effects of Human Activities on the Feeding Habits of Himalayan Marmots in Gannan Meadow |
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| ZHANG Cai-jun,WANG Xiao-yan,LIU Qian-qian,AN Kang,PU Qiang-sheng,WANG Zhi-cheng,SU Jun-hu.Effects of Human Activities on the Feeding Habits of Himalayan Marmots in Gannan Meadow[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2022,30(5):1219-1226. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Cai-jun WANG Xiao-yan LIU Qian-qian AN Kang PU Qiang-sheng WANG Zhi-cheng SU Jun-hu |
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| Abstract: | Human activities can greatly affect the composition,processes and functions of the grassland ecosystems. Clarifying the effects of human disturbance on the feeding habits of himalayana marmot in Gannan alpine meadow can provide an important basis for its management. In this study,we compared food composition,proportion,diversity and nutritional niche of himalayana marmot between natural and two kinds of human disturbance habitats by fecal microanalysis. The results showed that himalayana marmot mainly ate forbs and Poaceae plants. The species of plants in different habitats had little change,the proportion of Elymus nutans was the highest (Natural habitat 46.67%,Disturbed habitat1 24.59%,Disturbing habitat 2 19.00%). Compared with natural habitats,the proportion of Cyperaceae and Poaceae in disturbed habitats was significantly reduced (P<0.05),but the proportion of forbs increased significantly (P<0.05). After human disturbance,the food diversity index and the food niche width increased. Expanding food niche width is an important strategy for himalayana marmot to mitigate the adverse effects of human disturbance. |
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| Keywords: | Human disturbance Alpine meadow Marmota himalayana Feeding habits Trophic niche |
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