| 2018年天津市原料奶细菌总数、体细胞数及奶牛乳房炎病原菌、耐药基因调研报告 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘景喜,张进,芦娜,李爱琴,彭传文,郝东升,周娟,陈龙宾,刘壮.2018年天津市原料奶细菌总数、体细胞数及奶牛乳房炎病原菌、耐药基因调研报告[J].畜牧与兽医,2020(3):130-134. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘景喜 张进 芦娜 李爱琴 彭传文 郝东升 周娟 陈龙宾 刘壮 |
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| 作者单位： | ;1.天津市畜牧兽医研究所;2.天津市乳品食品监测中心;3.天津嘉立荷牧业集团有限公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 天津市奶牛产业技术体系-奶牛精细养殖技术(ITTCRS2017010);天津市优秀科技特派员支持项目(18ZXBFNC00180)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究旨在调查天津市原料奶细菌总数、体细胞数及乳房炎病原菌、耐药基因,了解全市原料奶的质量状况及引起奶牛乳房炎发生的主要原因。采集天津市5家乳品加工企业奶罐车的原料奶样品,用于检测体细胞数和菌落总数;采集天津市奶牛养殖场储奶罐奶样品,用于检测体细胞数;采集奶牛场临床型乳房炎发病乳区的牛奶样品,用于检测乳房炎病原菌及耐药基因。结果显示:2018年天津市乳品加工企业原料奶体细胞数平均值为44.65万/mL,标准差42.41万/mL,变异系数94.97%,最大值为225.50万/mL,最小值为1.20万/mL,SCC≤50万/mL的样品占74.37%,50万/mL200万/mL的样品占3.13%;细菌总数平均值11.54万CFU/mL,标准差26.28万CFU/mL,变异系数227.66%,最大值190.00万CFU/mL,最小值0.095万CFU/mL,细菌总数≤10万CFU/mL的样品占74.37%,10万CFU<细菌总数≤50万CFU/mL的样品占21.25%,50万CFU<细菌总数≤100万CFU/mL的样品占1.88%,100万CFU/mL<细菌总数≤200万CFU/mL的样品占2.50%。2018年天津市奶牛养殖场原料奶体细胞数平均值为38.81万/mL,标准差36.49万/mL,变异系数94.03%,最大值为210.00万/mL,最小值为0.80万/mL,SCC≤50万/mL的样品占79.17%,50万/mL200万/mL的样品占0.83%。乳房炎病原菌检测结果显示:36个样品检出病原菌,总检出率为94.74%;共检出8种病原菌,检出率最高的是乳房链球菌,检出率为73.68%,其他病原体检出率依次为:牛支原体34.21%,牛棒状杆菌13.16%,无乳链球菌10.53%,大肠杆菌5.26%,白色念球菌5.26%,停乳链球菌2.63%,铜绿假单胞菌2.63%。14个样品检出耐药基因,总检出率为36.84%;2种耐药基因的检出率分别为β-内酰胺耐药基因CTX-M934.21%,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌耐药基因MecA 2.63%。研究表明,2018年天津市原料奶SCC及细菌总数大部分接近欧盟标准,但仍有待进一步提高;引起天津地区临床型乳房炎的3种主要致病菌为乳房链球菌、牛支原体和牛棒状杆菌。
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| 关 键 词： | 天津市 奶牛 原料奶 体细胞数 细菌总数 乳房炎 病原菌 耐药基因 |
Report on investigation of total bacteria number,somatic cell count in raw milk and pathogens,resistance gene of mastitis in cows in Tianjin in 2018 |
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| LIU Jingxi,ZHANG Jin,LU Na,LI Aiqin,PENG Chuanwen,HAO Dongsheng,ZHOU Juan,CHEN Longbin,LIU Zhuang.Report on investigation of total bacteria number,somatic cell count in raw milk and pathogens,resistance gene of mastitis in cows in Tianjin in 2018[J].Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2020(3):130-134. |
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| Authors: | LIU Jingxi ZHANG Jin LU Na LI Aiqin PENG Chuanwen HAO Dongsheng ZHOU Juan CHEN Longbin LIU Zhuang |
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| Institution: | (Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Tianjin 300381,China;Dairy Food Monitoring Center of Tianjin City,Tianjin 300210,China;Tianjin Jialihe Animal Husbandry Limited Company,Tianjin 300404,China) |
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| Abstract: | This study was to investigate the total bacteria number and SCC in raw milk and the main pathogenic bacteria of mastitis in dairy cows in Tianjin,aiming to understand the quality of raw milk and the main causes of mastitis in the animals.Samples of raw milk from milk tankers of five dairy processing enterprises in Tianjin were collected to detect SCC and total bacteria number;samples of milk from storage tanks of Tianjin dairy farms were collected for the detection of SCC;milk samples from mammary region of clinical mastitis in dairy farms were collected to detect the pathogenic bacteria of mastitis.The results were:(1)In 2018,the average of SCC in raw milk of Tianjin dairy processing enterprises was 4.465×10^5 mL,the standard deviation of SCC was 4.24×10^5 mL,the coefficient of variation of SCC was 94.97%,the maximum was 2.255×10^6 mL,and the minimum was 1.2×10^4 mL.Samples with SCC less than 5×10^5 mL accounted for 74.37%,those with 5×10^5 mL2×10^6 mL accounted for 33.13%.The average bacteria number was 1.154×10^5 CFU/mL,the standard deviation was 2.628×10^5 CFU/mL,the coefficient of variation was 227.66%,the maximum was 1.9 million CFU/mL,and the minimum was 950 CFU/mL.Samples with the bacteria number less than 1×10^5 CFU/mL accounted for 74.37%,those with 1×10^5 CFU2×10^6 mL accounted for 0.83%.(3)Pathogenic bacteria were detected in 36 samples and the detection rate was 94.74%.Eight kinds of pathogenic bacteria were detected,and the highest detection rate of those was Streptococcus uberis at 73.68%.The other pathogens were Mycoplasma bovis at 34.21%,Corynebacterium bovis at 13.16%,Streptococcus agalactiae at 10.53%,Escherichia coli at 5.26%,Candida albicans at 5.26%,Streptococcus dysgalactiae at 2.63%,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 2.63%.Drug resistance genes were detected in 14 samples,and the detection rate was 36.84%.The detection rates of the two resistance genes wereβ-lactam resistance gene CTX-M9 accounting for 34.21%and resistance gene of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus mecA accounting for 2.63%.To sum up,,the SCC and total bacteria number of raw milk of dairy cows in Tianjin were mostly close to the European Union standard,but they need further improving.The three main pathogens causing clinical mastitis in cows in Tianjin were Streptococcus uberis,Mycoplasma bovis and Corynebacterium bovis. |
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| Keywords: | Tianjin dairy cows raw milk SCC total bacteria number mastitis pathogen resistance gene |
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