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猪萎缩性鼻炎 (ＡＲ)是一种慢性接触性传染病。病原主要为支气管败血波氏杆菌 ,近年来证实产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌等病菌与支气管败血波氏杆菌的混合感染是引起本病的主要原因。严重的萎缩性鼻炎是由多杀性巴氏杆菌产毒素菌株感染鼻腔引起的 ;温和的萎缩性鼻炎与支气管败血波氏杆菌的产毒菌株 ,或多杀性巴氏杆菌的非产毒素菌株 ,或与鼻腔菌群中的其它成员有关。此外饲养管理不善 ,如通风不良、尘埃水平过高、过分拥挤等均可诱发本病并加剧萎缩性鼻炎的严重程度。猪萎缩性鼻炎在易感猪群中 ,主要通过空气飞沫经呼吸道传染。临床上以鼻炎、鼻梁… 相似文献
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猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是由支气管败血波氏杆菌或／和产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌感染而引起的猪的一种慢性呼吸道传染病。以慢性鼻炎、颜面部变形、鼻甲骨萎缩、鼻衄、流泪以及生长发育迟缓为特征。该病的病原体是Ⅰ相支气管败血波氏杆菌和产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌D型，偶尔为A型；单独感染支气管败血波氏杆菌引起较温和的非进行性鼻甲骨萎缩，感染支气管败血波氏杆菌后继发产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌时。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2021,(10)
正猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是由产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌、支气管败血波氏杆菌等引起的一类呼吸道疾病,此病常与猪气喘病、蓝耳病等继发感染,发病率高,造成的损失大,属于二类动物传染病。本文根据当地猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的发病情况,对此病的流行特点、临床症状、诊断方法等做了细致的阐述,并给出了防控措施,供参考。1病原猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎(AR)是由支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bb)、产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pm)引起的。支气管败血波氏杆菌是引起萎缩性鼻炎的主要病原,此菌为革兰氏阴性菌, 相似文献
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猪萎缩性鼻炎(Atrophic rhini-tis,简称AR)是由支气管败血波氏杆菌和产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌引起猪的一种慢性、渐进性、接触性呼吸道传染病。本病临床上以鼻炎、鼻梁变形、鼻甲骨萎缩为主要特征,患病猪群生长性能下降,易继发其他感染造成巨大的经济损失,被国际兽医卫生组织(OIE)列为A类动物疫病,我国将其列为一类动物疫病,并作为猪群检疫的必检对象。根据引起猪萎缩性鼻炎病原和发病特点的不同,将其分为两种:由支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bb)引起的称非进行性萎缩性鼻炎(Non-Progressive AR,简称NPAR),由产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌(DNT Pm)引起的… 相似文献
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猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎病原的分离鉴定和药物敏感试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是由支气管败血波氏杆菌或/和产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌感染而引起的猪的一种慢性呼吸道传染病。以慢性鼻炎、颜面部变形、鼻甲骨萎缩、鼻衄、流泪以及生长发育迟缓为特征。该病的病原体是Ⅰ相支气管败血波氏杆菌和产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌D型,偶尔为A型;单独感染支气管败血波氏杆菌引起较温和的非进行性鼻甲骨萎缩,感染支气管败血波氏杆菌后继发产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌时,则常引起严重的萎缩性鼻炎,临床上二者经常混合感染。为了弄清河南省北部地区该病的流行情况,以便有效地开展诊断和防治工作,现对安阳、鹤壁、濮阳等地区部分… 相似文献
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猪源支气管败血波氏杆菌（Bordetella bronchiseptica,Bb）是猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎（Swine infectious atrophic rhinitis of Swine,简称AR）的主要病原菌,单独或与产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染可引起猪的非进行性及进行性萎缩性鼻炎。该病在世界范围内存在,给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。 相似文献
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浅谈猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎及其防治 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是猪的一种慢性、渐进性传染病，其病原是支气管败血波氏杆菌和多杀性巴氏杆菌。支气管败血波氏杆菌在猪鼻腔上皮增殖，导致猪鼻甲骨发育不全。多杀性巴氏杆菌则通过损伤的鼻黏膜感染并产生毒素引起鼻甲骨上皮增生，黏液腺萎缩，软骨溶液和间质细胞增生，出现喷嚏、鼻塞和颜面部变形。猪患此病，可使生长速度和饲料利用率降低，严重影响养猪的经济效益。 相似文献
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The quantitation of turbinate atrophy in pigs to measure the severity of induced atrophic rhinitis. 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 C L Gatlin W H Jordan T R Shryock W C Smith 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1996,60(2):121-126
The two-fold purpose of this study was to establish a useful image analysis technique for quantitation of turbinate atrophy and to determine an optimum bacterial dose for inducing atrophic rhinitis (AR). Two morphometric analysis methods were compared to determine a turbinate area ratio (TAR) and a turbinate perimeter ratio (TPR); the ratios of turbinate area to total nostril area and of turbinate perimeter to total nostril perimeter, respectively. Our first image analysis method differed from Collins et al (1) in that we used direct image capture (digitalization) via a video camera and a Macintosh microcomputer, rather than photographs and a digitizer tablet. The tracing techniques were the same as those used by Collins et al. The second morphometric method was modified from the first by exclusion of dorsal turbinate when tracing the nostril area and directly tracing only the ventral turbinate to get a turbinate measurement without subtracting. Area and perimeter ratios, for both methods, were compared to conventional visual snout scores, ventral measurements, and to each other. The results of the two image analysis methods correlated well, both with each other and with the visual scores. Doses of Pasteurella multocida (Pm) at a constant level, and Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) at various concentrations, were administered to 36 Hampshire-Duroc F1 SPF pigs to determine the best dose and frequency for inducing AR. Although the dose selection may have been somewhat affected by the pre-existing presence of Bb, the optimal dose per naris in this study was 2 mL Bb at 10(7) cfu/mL combined with 2 mL Pm at 10(9) cfu/mL inoculum. The frequency of administration (1 x or 2 x) did not greatly affect results. Turbinate area ratio was the best tool for quantitating gross morphological turbinate changes associated with atrophic rhinitis in this study. Our simplified modification of Collins et al image analysis method (exclusion of dorsal turbinates and direct measurement of ventral turbinates) correlated well with visual scores, and, when compared to Collins et al method, required less data manipulation and labour. 相似文献
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T Frymus E Müller K Petzoldt 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):199-202
Crude dermonecrotic toxins (DNT) were prepared from Pasteurella multocida (P.m.) type D and type A strains isolated from pigs with atrophic rhinitis. Rabbits were immunized with the DNT of P.m. type D. This serum neutralized the DNT of P.m. type A to the same degree as the homologous one both in vitro (cytopathogenicity for tissue culture cells) and in vivo (mouse lethality and dermonecrotic activity in guinea pig). 相似文献
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猪多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性研究 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
用PCR方法配合生化鉴定，从有肺炎症状猪的肺脏及进行性萎缩性鼻炎(Progressive atrophic rhinitis，PAR)症状猪的鼻拭子中分离出66株多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida，Pm)。然后做了药敏试验，并用PCR方法对这66株Pm进行分型及毒素基因的检测，用豚鼠皮肤坏死试验及小鼠致死试验对产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌(Toxigenie Pasteurella multocida，T^ Pm)进一步鉴定。结果显示PCR鉴定与生化鉴定Pm结果完全一致；PCR分型表明有46株为D型Pm，18株为A型：Pm，1株为B型Pm，1株无法定型；有8株用PcR检测为T^ Pm；豚鼠皮肤坏死试验及小鼠致死试验对这8株T^ Pm的进一步鉴定也表明均为产毒素菌株。所鉴定的8株T^ Pm都为D型，都分离于有严重PAR症状的猪。 相似文献
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猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌的生物学鉴定与荚膜PCR分型 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
从表现猪萎缩性鼻炎临床症状的猪群中分离出13株多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida,Pm),采用Pm种特异性的KMT1-KMT2引物进行PCR扩增,结果与传统的生化反应鉴定完全一致。基于对甘露醇、卫茅醇、山梨醇、海藻糖的发酵能力和产生鸟氨酸脱羧酶的特性,Q_1、Q_3、Q_6、Q_7、Q_(10)、Q_(13)和C_(48-1)鉴定为Pm多杀亚种(Pm subsp.multocida);Q_2、Q_4、Q_5、Q_8、Q_9、Q_(11)、Q_(12)鉴定为Pm败血亚种(Pm subsp.septica)。对13株Pm分离物采用A型、B型和D型引物进行PCR扩增,8株鉴定为A血清型(61.5%);5株鉴定为D血清型(38.5%);没有发现B血清型的菌株。同时对金黄色葡萄球菌抑制试验、中性吖啶黄沉淀试验与荚膜PCR分型的相关性进行了讨论。 相似文献
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B Eliás G Boros M Albert S Tuboly P Gergely L Papp I Barna Vetró P Rafai E Molnár 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(4):677-688
The role of dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida, purified by repeated chromatography in Sephacryl S-200 gel, in the pathogenesis of atrophic rhinitis (AR) of swine was studied bacteriologically, clinically and pathologically. Two-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) piglets were parenterally treated with 30 micrograms of DNT 3 times at 2-day interval and 7-week-old piglets were treated with 15 micrograms of DNT twice a week for 5 weeks. In 2- to 3-week-old piglets, both B. bronchiseptica DNT and P. multocida DNT produced nasal turbinate lesions with similar severity, characterized by damage of the cilia, epithelial metaplasia, intensive proliferation of osteoblasts, regressive changes, and diffuse osteocytic osteolysis. In 7- to 12-week-old piglets, treatment with B. bronchiseptica DNT failed to produce progressive changes in the nasal turbinates. Histopathological examination revealed osteogenic processes and osteoid synthesis besides the proliferation of osteoblasts and mild osteocytic osteolysis. Moreover, severe gross pathological lesions developed in the stomach, liver, kidneys, and lymphoid organs. The piglets' appetite and body weight gain gradually decreased during the DNT treatment and in the last week when the toxic signs appeared. Treatment of 7- to 12-week-old piglets with P. multocida DNT resulted in progressive AR. Histopathologically, diffuse osteocytic osteolysis was observed in the nasal turbinates. Neither clinical signs nor pathological lesions of the visceral organs developed in these piglets. The authors emphasize that the DNT of B. bronchiseptica basically differs from that of P. multocida in biological properties, though there are certain similarities between the DNTs. 相似文献
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To establish the role of the dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) of Pasteurella multocida in the cause and pathogenesis of atrophic rhinitis, germ-free pigs were inoculated with several strains of P multocida, crude DNT, or purified DNT. In some experiments, the aforementioned inocula were combined with Bordetella bronchiseptica. All DNT-producing P multocida strains induced severe turbinate atrophy. Histologic examination of the remnants of the nasal turbinates revealed intact, but undulated, ciliated epithelium and numerous osteoclasts. Inflammation was minimal or absent. A DNT-producing B bronchiseptica strain induced only mild turbinate atrophy. The lesions were characterized histologically by loss of cilia and ciliated cells and by an infiltration of predominantly mononuclear cells. Bone formation seemed impaired. Turbinate lesions were most severe in pigs infected with a combination of B bronchiseptica and a DNT-producing P multocida strain. Intranasal administration of sterile DNT-containing culture filtrate of P multocida or purified DNT of P multocida did not result in turbinate atrophy. In contrast, turbinate atrophy developed when these preparations were injected IM or when intranasal administration of DNT was preceded by inoculation of B bronchiseptica. 相似文献
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Protection by toxoid-induced antibody of gnotobiotic piglets challenged with the dermonecrotic toxin of Pasteurella multocida 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
T Frymus E Müller B Franz K Petzoldt 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(9):674-680
A crude dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) of Pasteurella multocida (P.m.) type D was prepared by repeated sonication and freezing. It was sterilized by filtration. A toxoid was then made and pigs were hyperimmunized with it to get an antiserum. A control serum was obtained by hyperimmunization of pigs with a preparation derived from nontoxigenic P.m. type D in the same manner as the toxoid. Three gnotobiotic piglets were injected with the antiserum. This resulted in neutralization indices (NI) of 25 in their sera, as tested on mice. Three litter-mated controls were given the control serum. Their NI remained 1. All piglets were challenged intramuscularly 4 times, every third day, with 30 mouse LD50 of the DNT. When euthanized 15 days after the last DNT administration no snout lesions were found in passively immunized piglets, whereas control animals showed severe turbinate atrophy and other changes typical for atrophic rhinitis. The next experiment was identical to the previous one except for the challenge, which was given intranasally (4 times 300 mouse LD50). Also in this case circulating antitoxin protected the piglets from damage of the nasal turbinates caused by the DNT. 相似文献