共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
根区温度对黄瓜幼苗矿质元素含量及根系吸收功能的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
试验通过对日光温室黄瓜幼苗不同根区温度的处理，结果表明，与适温处理（ck）相比，亚适温和低温处理的黄瓜幼苗根系中K，Mg的含量增加，而N，P，Ca，Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn的含量降低；茎中N，K，Ca，Mg,Fe的含量增加，而P，Mn,Cu,Zn的含量降低；叶片中K的含量增加，而N，P，Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn的含量降低。津春3号较津春2号在维持某些矿质元素含量相对稳定上表现出一些较强的根系耐低温胁迫的能力；根系体积、吸收面积降低，而根系琥珀脱氢酶活性增加。降低根区温度虽然增加了黄瓜幼苗一些元素的含量，但同时也使叶片中除K以外的其他元素含量都降低。降低含量的元素作为限制性因子最终会阻碍地上部的生长发育。 相似文献
2.
NaCl胁迫下棉花幼苗的离子平衡 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：13
采用水培法 ,研究了 Na Cl胁迫对耐盐性不同的两个棉花 (Gossypium hirsutum L .)品种 (枝棉 3号 ,耐盐性较强 ;泗棉 2号 ,耐盐性较弱 )幼苗叶片及根系 Ca、K、Mg、P、Mn、Cu、Fe、Zn等矿质元素含量的影响。用 ICP- AES法测定结果表明 ,经 1 0 0和 2 0 0 mmol· L- 1Na Cl分别处理 1 4d后 ,两品种棉花幼苗叶片及根系 Ca、K、Mg、P、Mn等元素含量均明显下降 ,其中尤其以 Mn、Ca、K元素含量下降最为显著。而 Fe、Zn、Cu等三种微量元素含量却有不同程度增加。随盐处理浓度增加 ,根系 Na+增加量趋于饱和 ,而叶片 Na+仍持续大量积累 ,导致植株体内阳离子含量显著增加 ,破坏了植株体内的离子平衡。耐盐性不同的两个棉花品种 ,叶片及根系 Ca、K、Mg、Mn、Zn等元素含量变化均无明显差异 ,而在叶片 Cu、Fe元素及根系P元素含量变化方面存在差异 相似文献
3.
试验设置全素(control)、缺氮(-N)、缺磷(-P)、缺钾(-K)、缺钙(-Ca)、缺镁(-Mg)、缺硫(-S)7个处理,对高州油茶幼苗进行缺素施肥试验,通过测定苗高、地径、叶面积、叶片周长、叶片长宽比等指标,探究不同缺素处理对高州油茶苗期生长的影响。结果表明：（1）除缺Mg处理各项指标与对照相当外,各缺素处理下高州油茶幼苗的地径和苗高均低于对照,缺素抑制了高州油茶幼苗径高的生长,其中主要影响元素为N、K、Ca。（2）对高州油茶幼苗叶片生长影响较大的元素为Ca和K,但各项指标差异不显著(P＞0.05),缺N、缺P、缺Mg、缺S处理下的高州油茶幼苗各项指标与对照无明显差异。缺素对高州油茶幼苗叶面积、叶片周长、叶片长宽比和叶片干重的影响不显著,其原因有待进一步探讨。 相似文献
4.
油菜素内酯诱导番茄幼苗抗冷效果的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
试验采用油菜素内酯（BR）诱导二叶一心期和五叶一心期番茄幼苗,研究BR诱导后低温胁迫对番茄幼苗抗冷性相关生理指标的影响。在5℃～10℃低温胁迫条件下,不同浓度BR处理,可降低幼苗叶片细胞膜透性,减少叶片中丙二醛的含量,可溶性糖和脯氨酸的含量明显升高,同时增加了幼苗的根系活力,提高幼苗抗冷性。研究表明,低温条件下,五叶一心期对番茄幼苗喷施0.1mg/LBR,其冷害指数可比对照降低32.7%,电导率比对照降低58.4%,丙二醛含量最少,仅为25.5649nmol/g,溶性糖含量最高,达到137.27umol/g,脯氨酸含量最高,为542.3ug/g,同时幼苗的根系活力变化较平稳,变化幅度仅为20.9%。 相似文献
5.
外源N、P、K肥对扁桃叶片矿质营养元素含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
为探明N、P、K肥对扁桃叶片中各矿质营养元素含量的影响,给新疆扁桃营养诊断平衡施肥技术提供理论参考依, 2009—2010连续2年在结果期扁桃园内萌芽前分别土施不同浓度梯度的N、P、K肥,在扁桃果实膨大期采集叶片,通过对其中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、B、Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu 10种矿质营养元素含量的测定分析。结果表明：土施N、P、K肥能分别提高叶片中相应元素的含量,其中N还促进P、B、Fe、Zn、Cu的吸收,但与K、Ca、Mn发生拮抗;P促进了N、K、Mg、Mn的吸收,但与Zn、Fe发生拮抗;K促进了B、Fe、Zn的吸收,但与N、P、Ca、Mg发生拮抗。土施不同浓度梯度N、P、K肥能显著或极显著提高扁桃叶片中N、P、K含量,且施用量和叶片吸收的元素含量间存在线性关系,而N、P、K肥对扁桃叶片中其他9种矿质元素含量分别形成促进和拮抗双重关系。 相似文献
6.
不同形态氮素对番茄幼苗体内营养元素含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
应用溶液培养法,采用全根和分根两种培养方式,研究了不同NO3-、NH4+配比处理下,番茄幼苗不同部位中12种营养元素含量的差异。结果表明,在全根和分根培养下,番茄体内总N浓度：花 > 叶、根 > 茎。在全根培养下,叶片和茎中总N浓度随营养液中NH4+比例增加而增加,适量增铵（NO3-:NH4+=75:25）显著提高了根系中P和K含量;在分根培养下,局部根系供单一NH4+营养显著降低了花和茎中总N浓度,提高了自身根系中总N浓度,但降低了两侧根系中P和K浓度。全部和局部根系供单一NH4+和NO3-、NH4+混合营养均降低了番茄幼苗各部位中Ca和Mg含量,但增加了叶片中S含量。在全根培养下,增加营养液中NH4+比例,增加了叶片中B和Mn含量,同时增加了叶片和根系中Zn和Mo含量。在分根培养下,局部根系供单一NH4+营养显著增加了根系中Fe、B、Zn、Cu和Mo含量。另外,全部和局部根系供混合N素营养（NO3-:NH4+=75:25）提高了N、P和K在体内总积累量。 相似文献
7.
AM真菌种间差异对枳壳苗营养生长及矿质含量的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
【研究目的】利用AM真菌进行柑桔菌根化育苗是培育壮苗和提高果品品质的新趋势，在对枳壳菌根苗进行研究的基础上，找到一个较好的优势菌种作为育苗菌剂。【方法】盆栽条件下研究了AM真菌Gigaspora margarita、Glomus mosseae和Glomus versiforme对枳壳实生苗营养生长及矿质含量的影响，并比较了种间差异的效应。【结果】接种AM真菌的枳壳幼苗根系均有效地被侵染，与对照相比，能显著促进植株根系和茎叶的生长，对须根的生长促进作用尤为突出；提高了叶片矿质元素N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Cu和Mn的含量，与对照差异均达到显著水平。3种AM真菌种间比较，其效应排序为Glomus mosseae＞Gigaspora margarita＞Glomus versiforme，但叶片矿质元素的含量与生长趋势并不完全一致。【结论】接种Glomus mosseae处理生长最好，矿质元素N、P、Mg和Cu的含量最高，菌根依赖性最大，且差异显著。AM真菌G.mosseae是参试3个菌种中培养枳壳菌根化壮苗的最佳菌种。 相似文献
8.
聚乙二醇(PEG)模拟水分胁迫对水稻幼苗矿质离子含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
《作物杂志》2017,(5)
以水稻为试验材料,采用水培方法研究PEG胁迫对水稻叶片和根系矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明:水稻幼苗体内的大量元素(P、K、Ca、Mg)含量在胁迫4、6d时显著低于对照组;而各微量元素(Mn、Na、Fe、Zn、Cu)含量的变化不一致,或增加或减少,但在胁迫6d时均与对照组的差异达显著水平。并且水分胁迫抑制了P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe元素从根向茎叶迁移,促进了Mn、Na、Zn和Cu元素从根向茎叶运输。 相似文献
9.
紫茎泽兰生殖生长期叶片矿质营养元素动态变化研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
系统分析了紫茎泽兰叶片中N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Al,Mn共7种矿质营养元素在生殖生长时期含量的动态变化及其相关性。结果表明,紫茎泽兰在花芽分化期叶片中N,Mg,Al含量呈明显下降趋势,K,Mn含量呈上升趋势,P,Ca含量无明显变化;蕾期阶段和花期阶段,叶片中N,K含量呈下降趋势,Mg,Al,Mn含量呈上升趋势,P,Ca含量无明显变化;结实期阶段,叶片中N,P,Mg,Mn含量呈下降趋势,Al含量呈上升趋势,K,Ca含量无明显变化。元素Ca与P的含量变化呈显著正相关关系,而其他矿质元素之间的相关性均不显著。 相似文献
10.
研究叶面喷施不同浓度光碳核肥对石榴各生育时期叶片中矿质元素含量变化的影响，确定石榴合理施肥时间和用量，为石榴的科学精准施肥和优质丰产提供理论依据。在云南省永胜县以‘突尼斯’软籽石榴为材料，在常规施肥的基础上研究不同浓度光碳核肥处理(1.3%、1%、0.7%、0.5%)下石榴生育期内叶片矿质元素变化规律。随着石榴生长发育，石榴叶片中N、P、Ca、Zn元素含量呈现上升趋势，K、Mg、Fe元素含量呈现下降趋势。1.3%处理抑制了石榴叶片中N、P的含量；0.7%处理对石榴叶片N、P、K含量有明显的促进作用，较对照（清水喷施）分别提高了22.3%、47.6%、121.9%，且显著提高了石榴成熟期叶片Fe含量；0.5%处理石榴叶片Ca、Zn含量显著增加，最高分别为19.72、144.54 g/kg，较对照分别增加了5%、1.05倍，同时对石榴营养生长期叶片P、K含量有一定促进作用。可以通过叶面喷施一定浓度光碳核肥调控石榴叶片中矿质元素的含量，其中喷施浓度0.7%处理能显著提高石榴叶片N、P、K、Fe含量，0.5%处理对Ca、Zn、P、K含量的提高有促进作用，可根据不同生育时期矿质元素含量的差异制定... 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献