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1.
本研究利用中棉所36和海1配制杂交组合,并用中棉所36为轮回亲本构建高代回交群体。利用3223对SSR引物筛选亲本和F1,筛选到294对含有海1显性带的引物,占筛选引物总数的9.12%。最终对其中的267对引物进行了群体扩增,获得277个SSR标记差异位点。其中,217个标记位点连锁,构建44个连锁群,平均每个连锁群包含4.93个标记位点。图谱覆盖1908.67cM,占棉花基因组的42.89%,平均每个连锁群覆盖43.38cM,标记间平均相距8.80cM。利用陆海杂种BC1F1、BC2F1和BC1S1的表型数据,通过复合区间作图,共检测到9个QTL,解释表型变异6.90%-19.17%。其中3个增效基因来自海岛棉亲本海1,6个增效基因来自陆地棉亲本中棉所36。此外,控制衣分的2个QTL在3个世代都能够检测到,分别解释6.90%和19.17%的表型变异,效应稳定,为进一步分子标记辅助选择奠定了基础。 相似文献
2.
摘要：本研究利用中棉所36和海1配制杂交组合,并用中棉所36为轮回亲本构建回交群体(BC1F1, BC2F1和 BC1S1)。用亲本和F1对新开发的2102对SSR引物进行多态性筛选,共筛选到317对含有海1显性带的引物,占筛选引物总数的15.08%;最终对其中的275对引物进行了BC1F1群体扩增,获得306个SSR标记差异位点。连锁分析表明（LOD=6.5）,有254个标记位点连锁,分布在42个连锁群中,覆盖2252.36cM,约占棉花基因组的50.05%;平均每个连锁群有6.08个标记,覆盖53.63 cM;标记间平均间距为8.87cM。利用BC1F1、BC2F1和BC1S1三个不同世代分离群体产量性状数据,共定位16个产量性状QTL,解释表型变异5.77%～19.86%。其中,衣分6个,铃重6个,籽指4个。有9个增效基因来自陆地棉亲本中棉所36,7个增效基因来自海岛棉亲本海1,说明了表型性状较差的品种同样可能含有可用于性状改良的增效基因。控制衣分的3个QTL可在不同的世代稳定检测到,效应稳定,增效基因均来自高值亲本陆地棉,为进一步分子标记辅助选择奠定了基础。 相似文献
3.
利用陆海杂种BC1群体构建棉花遗传连锁图谱并初步定位产量性状相关的QTL 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用陆地棉推广品种中棉所36和海1配制杂交组合,并用中棉所36为轮回亲本构建回交群体(BC1F1,BC2F1和BC1S1).用亲本和F1对新开发的2102对SSR引物进行多态性筛选,共筛选到317对含有海1显性带的引物,占筛选引物总数的15.08%;最终对其中的275对引物进行了BC1F1群体扩增,获得306个SSR标记差异位点.连锁分析表明(LOD=6.5),有254个标记位点连锁,分布在42个连锁群中,覆盖2252.36 cM,约占棉花基因组的50.05%;平均每个连锁群有6.08个标记,覆盖53.63 cM;标记间平均间距为8.87 cM.利用BC1F1、BC2F1和BC1S1三个不同世代分离群体产量性状数据,共定位16个产量性状QTL,解释表型变异5.77%/～19.86%.其中,衣分6个,铃重6个,籽指4个.有9个增效基因来自陆地棉亲本中棉所36,7个增效基因来自海岛棉亲本海1,说明了表型性状较差的品种同样可能含有可用于性状改良的增效基因.控制衣分的3个QTL可在不同的世代稳定检测到,效应稳定,增效基因均来自高值亲本陆地棉,为进一步分子标记辅助选择奠定了基础. 相似文献
4.
《分子植物育种》2017,(1)
本研究以海岛棉品种新海3号及吉扎82为亲本构建的190个F2:3家系为材料,利用SSR分子标记构建了新疆海岛棉的遗传连锁图谱,为海岛棉分子标记辅助选育提供帮助。其主要研究如下:用从4 886对棉花SSR引物中筛选获得的双亲间多态性明显且重复性好的107对SSR引物对海岛棉(新海3号×吉扎82)F2群体进行基因型鉴定,共得120个稳定的SSR多态性位点,多态性频率为2.4%。初步构建了一个包含22个连锁群,74个标记,总长893 c M,覆盖海岛棉基因组20.10%的分子标记遗传连锁图谱。该图谱标记平均间距12.06 c M,最大图距54 c M,最小为1 c M,平均每个连锁群的标记数是3.4个。 相似文献
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6.
黄瓜抗枯萎病基因连锁分析和定位 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
《分子植物育种》2015,(9)
为筛选出与黄瓜抗枯萎病相关基因连锁的SSR分子标记,以对黄瓜抗枯萎病为单显性基因的母本WIS2757和感枯萎病父本津研2号及其F1、F2分离群体为试材,通过构建抗、感池对黄瓜枯萎病抗性进行SSR分析。结果表明:通过对278对SSR引物进行筛选,获得在双亲间存在多态性的引物102对,进一步通过抗、感池筛选,获得抗感池DNA间有差异的引物10对。经F2感病群体验证,共获得9个与黄瓜枯萎病抗性基因(Foc-4)连锁的SSR分子标记,并初步将Foc-4基因定位在2号染色体两标记SSR17631和SSR00684之间,距基因Foc-4的遗传距离分别为1.0 c M和0.9 c M,为进一步开发抗枯萎病分子标记及克隆黄瓜抗枯萎病基因奠定了基础。 相似文献
7.
一个与甘薯茎线虫抗性相关的RAPD标记的获得 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以高抗甘薯茎线虫病品种徐781和高感茎线虫病品种徐18及其杂交后代为实验材料,在亲本和后代株系建立的抗病池、感病池中筛选RAPD引物,获得一条与甘薯茎线虫病抗性基因连锁的标记S447.经过亲本徐781和徐18杂交的F1代品系的验证,初步确定该标记与甘薯茎线虫病抗性基因具有相关关系,连锁距离为17.93 cM标记S447已提交GeneBank数据库,登录号为EF121325.该标记可为常规抗病育种中早期抗甘薯茎线虫病性状的筛选以及在抗甘薯茎线虫病育种中提供分子标记辅助选择. 相似文献
8.
绿豆遗传连锁图谱的整合 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用绿豆及其近缘种的701对SSR引物,对现有绿豆遗传连锁图谱进行补充,结果在高感豆象绿豆栽培种Berken和高抗豆象绿豆野生种ACC41两亲本间筛选到多态性SSR引物104对。群体分析后,结合其他分子数据,使用作图软件Mapmaker/Exp 3.0b,获得一张含有179个遗传标记和12个连锁群,总长1831.8cM、平均图距10.2cM的新遗传连锁图谱,包括97个SSR标记,91个来自绿豆近缘种;RFLP标记76个;RAPD标记4个;STS标记2个。对32个绿豆、小豆共用SSR标记在遗传连锁图谱的分布分析发现,二个基因组间有一定程度的同源性,共用标记在连锁群上的排列顺序基本上一致,只有部分标记显示绿豆和小豆基因组在进化过程中发生了染色体重排;利用新图谱对ACC41的抗绿豆象主效基因重新定位,仍定位于I(9)连锁群,与其相邻分子标记的距离均小于8cM,其中与右翼SSR标记C220的距离约2.7cM。与原图谱比较,新定位的抗性基因与其相邻标记的连锁更加紧密。 相似文献
9.
与大白菜抗霜霉病基因连锁的分子标记研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
【研究目的】 研究与大白菜抗霜霉病基因紧密连锁的DNA分子标记。【方法】利用高抗自交系‘660’和高感自交系‘654B’及其杂交F2群体162个单株为材料,采用构建抗、感病池,利用BSA法筛选了87对SSR引物,35对拟南芥抗霜霉病相关基因的特异引物,其中特异引物RPP13P2和RPP131-2R在抗感病亲本和抗感病池中扩增出一条多态性片段RPP13MK,利用这对引物对F2代单株构建的分享群体进行扩增,验证标记RPP13MK与目的基因的连锁关系,Mapmaker 3.0软件计算遗传距离。【结果】通过F2单株验证后证明RPP13MK与抗霜霉病基因紧密连锁,其遗传距离为5.6 cM。【结论】获得了一个与大白菜抗霜霉病基因紧密连锁的分子标记RPP13MK。 相似文献
10.
为了探究棉花群体中SSR分子标记的偏分离现象,以本课题构建的两个陆地棉群体(‘冀棉11’ב中植棉2号’) F_2和(‘常抗棉’בTM-1’) RIL群体为研究材料,利用一万余对SSR引物同时对其双亲进行多态性引物筛选,分别获得133个在F_2亲本间具有多态的SSR标记,119个在RIL亲本间具有多态的SSR标记,以此为基础构建连锁图谱,对进入F_2连锁图谱的114个多态性标记以及进入RIL连锁图谱的78个多态性标记进行偏分离卡方检测,对比分析后发现:RIL群体的标记偏分离率远高于F_2群体,偏分离率分别为60.26%和19.30%。同时,我们对两个图谱中的共有标记及其所在染色体进行了比对分析,认为在染色体D01 (Chr15)和D03 (Chr17)上可能存在导致偏分离的配子基因。本研究为其它连锁图谱的构建及QTL的准确定位提供帮助,并将有助于定位出棉花中导致偏分离的配子体基因。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
13.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
14.
Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
15.
B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
16.
In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
17.
[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
18.
不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
19.
Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
20.
Summary Some photosynthetic characters as-leaf anatomy, leaf photosynthetic rate and CO2 compensation pointdistinguishing C3 and C4 plants and physiological characters as leaf area ratio, nitrogen content, leaf stem ratio and total shoot-to-root and deep root-to-shoot ratios have been studied in rice × sorghum and rice × wheat hybrids. Rice × sorghum 1. has lower values of photosynthetic rate, leaf nitrogen, total root and deep root-to-shoot ratio and CO2 compensation point as of rice parent where as, rice × sorghym 2. is superior in all these characters. Both hybrids lack kranz anatomy. Though both rice × sorghum hybrids show characters of C3 rice plant but rice × sorghum 2. has improved drought tolerance and leaf characters in relation to yield. Rice × wheat hybrid have higher assimilatory area and higher total root-to-shoot ratio. Grains of rice × wheat hybrids are identical to rice grain. However, as grains of rice × wheat hybrid does not contain seed coat, it could be exploited as novel rice germplasm after improvement.Abbreviations T
CO2 compensation point
- T21
CO2 compensation point at 21% O2
- T2
CO2 compensation point at 2% O2
- dR/sR
deep Root-to-shoot Ratio
- LAR
Leaf Area Ratio
- CER
photosynthetic rate
- TR/SR
Total Root-to-Shoot Ratio 相似文献