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1.
The distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the babirusa were studied immunohistochemically using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Thirteen types of gut endocrine cells were detected; they were immunoreactive for chromogranin, serotonin, somatostatin, gastrin, bovine pancreatic polypeptide (BPP), glucagon, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), methionine-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 (MENK8), motilin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY). Cells that were immunoreactive for chromogranin, serotonin, somatostatin and glucagon were found in all portions of the gastrointestinal tract. MENK8-immunoreactive cells were observed in the stomach and small intestine. Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the pyloric region and duodenum. PYY-immunoreactive cells were found in the small and large intestine. Cells immunoreactive for motilin, CCK, GIP, and secretin were observed in the proximal small intestine and those immunoreactive for neurotensin were found only in the ileum. Although the distribution pattern of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of babirusa was similar to those reported for pig, restricted distribution of several endocrine cells, gastrin, BPP, MENK8, motilin, CCK, GIP, secretin and neurotensin and wider distribution of glucagon and PYY were observed in the babirusa. The unexpected presence of MENK8 in all glandular regions of the stomach and PYY in the small intestine was also noted. The distribution of gut endocrine cells might be related to the regulatory characteristics of the babirusa digestive tract.  相似文献   

2.
为研究日粮中添加天蚕素、合生素对AA肉鸡小肠黏膜形态及免疫细胞的影响,试验选用480只1日龄健康AA肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组（Ⅰ组）饲喂基础日粮,试验组（Ⅱ~Ⅳ组）分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%天蚕素、0.3%合生素、0.5%天蚕素+0.3%合生素。试验期42 d。结果显示,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅱ组空肠和回肠、Ⅲ组小肠各段隐窝深度显著或极显著降低（P<0.05;P<0.01）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组小肠各段和Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著或极显著升高（P<0.05;P<0.01）;Ⅱ组空肠绒毛宽度显著降低（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组十二指肠和空肠、Ⅳ组空肠和回肠绒毛宽度均极显著降低（P<0.01）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组空肠黏膜厚度显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅳ组小肠各段黏膜厚度均极显著升高（P<0.01）。Ⅱ组回肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组小肠各段上皮内淋巴细胞数量极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组十二指肠和回肠杯状细胞数量极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅳ组空肠肥大细胞数量显著升高（P<0.05）。综上所述,天蚕素、合生素单独或联合添加均能改善AA肉鸡小肠黏膜结构,促进小肠黏膜免疫细胞增殖,联合添加效果最佳。  相似文献   

3.
In order to investigate the effects of cecropin and synbiotics on the intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal mucosal immune cells of AA broilers. 480 of 1-day-old healthy AA broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 30 broilers per replicate. The broilers in group Ⅰ(control group) were fed basal diet,while that in groups Ⅱ to Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% cecropin,0.3% synbiotics,0.5% cecropin+0.3% synbiotics,respectively. The trial lasted for 42 days. The result showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the villus height of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅱ,and that of small intestine in group Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P<0.05;P<0.01).The villus height/crypt depth of small intestine in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and that of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).The villus width of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the villus width of duodenum and jejunum in group Ⅲ,that of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The mucous thickness of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased (P<0.05),while that of small intestine in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The number of the intraepithelial lymphocyte of ileum in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.05),and that of duodenum in group Ⅲ and small intestine in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The number of the goblet cell of duodenum in group Ⅲ,duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The mast cell of jejunum in group Ⅳ was significantly increased (P<0.05).In conclusion,both the cecropin and synbiotics could improve the small intestine mucosal structure and promote the small intestine mucosal immunocompetent cells proliferation in AA broiler, and the effect of combined utilization would be better.  相似文献   

4.
In this study, the expression and distribution of monocarboxyolate transporter 1 (MCT1) along the intestines (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum) of dogs were investigated at both the mRNA and protein levels. The expression of MCT1 protein and its distribution were confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining using the antibody for MCT1. We identified mRNA coding for MCT1 and a 43-kDa band of MCT1 protein in all regions from the duodenum to the rectum. Immunoreactive staining for MCT1 was also observed in epithelial cells throughout the intestines. MCT1 immunoreactivity was greater in the large intestine than in the small intestine. MCT1 protein was predominantly expressed on the basolateral membranes along intestinal epithelial cells, suggesting that MCT1 may play an important role in lactate efflux and transport of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the bloodstream across the basolateral membranes of the dog intestine.  相似文献   

5.
Ligated intestines of rabbits, mice, rats and chickens were used to examine the penetration of newly excysted juvenile flukes of Japanese Fasciola sp. in vitro. In rabbit intestines, the penetration rate was relatively high in the rectum and duodenum. Penetration rates in the jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon were comparable to those in the rectum and duodenum, although it was lower in the appendix. In the case of mouse, juvenile flukes penetrated the duodenum, jejunum, cecum, and rectum at considerably high rates. In rat intestine, penetration by flukes was less in the duodenum and rectum, although flukes were detected in the jejunum. In chicken intestine, flukes barely penetrated the duodenum, jejunum and rectum. Consequently, newly excysted flukes of Fasciola sp. seem to penetrate any region of the intestine in rabbits and mice. In rats, the middle small intestine may be the site suitable for flukes to penetrate. In chickens, the difficulty in penetration of the intestinal wall may be one of the reasons why chickens are scarcely infected with Fasciola sp.  相似文献   

6.
运用组织学和组织化学染色法,分别对自然感染贝氏莫尼茨绦虫的成年绵羊（感染组）与正常成年绵羊（对照组）的小肠各肠段的上皮内淋巴细胞、浆细胞、杯状细胞和嗜酸粒细胞的分布和数量变化进行了比较研究。结果显示：感染组小肠各段上皮内淋巴细胞、浆细胞、杯状细胞和嗜酸粒细胞数量均显著高于对照组,其中感染组十二指肠、空肠和回肠的上皮内淋巴细胞数量分别比对照组增加了169.11%、230.38%和233.42%（P〈0.01）;嗜酸粒细胞数量分别比对照组增加了116.78%、123.87%和164.51%（P〈0.01）;浆细胞数量分别比对照组增加了127.34%、72.97%和328.26%（P〈0.01）;杯状细胞数量分别比对照组增加了33.40%、41.42%和133.17%。对照组和感染组上皮内淋巴细胞和杯状细胞从十二指肠到回肠均逐渐减少,相反,对照组和感染组嗜酸粒细胞数量从十二指肠到回肠均逐渐增多,对照组小肠固有层浆细胞数量从十二指肠到空肠增加,空肠到回肠减少,感染组小肠固有层浆细胞数量从十二指肠到回肠均逐渐增多;对照组十二指肠、空肠、回肠的上皮内淋巴细胞、上皮内杯状细胞、浆细胞和嗜酸粒细胞均差异极显著（P〈0.01）;感染组十二指肠、空肠、回肠的上皮内杯状细胞、浆细胞和嗜酸粒细胞均差异极显著（P〈0.01）,感染组上皮内淋巴细胞空肠与回肠差异极显著（P〈0.01）,但十二指肠与空肠差异不显著（P〉0.05）。研究结果表明,贝氏莫尼茨绦虫感染成年绵羊后,成年绵羊通过特异性黏膜免疫细胞上皮内淋巴细胞增生加强细胞免疫水平,浆细胞增生加强体液免疫水平,同时还通过非特异性黏膜免疫细胞,嗜酸粒细胞和杯状细胞的增生进一步加强黏膜免疫水平以抵抗贝氏莫尼茨绦虫对绵羊的感染。可见绵羊可以通过黏膜免疫相关细胞增生加强局部免疫力以监视虫体免疫逃逸来抵抗寄生虫的感染。  相似文献   

7.
The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the eight portions (fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum) of the gastrointestinal tract of C57BL/6 mouse was studied with immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific anti-sera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin, somatostatin, human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP), glucagon, gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK)-8. In this study, all these seven types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of these IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open-type cell) while cells showing round in shape (closed-type cell) were found in the intestinal gland and stomach regions occasionally. Their relative frequencies were varied according to each portion of gastrointestinal tract. CGA-IR cells were demonstrated throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract and they showed most predominant in the pylorus and duodenum. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout whole gastrointestinal tract and they showed highest frequency in the stomach and colon. Somatostatin-IR cells were demonstrated throughout whole gastrointestinal tract except for large intestine and showed highest frequency in the fundus. HPP-IR cells were found in the fundus with rare frequency. Peculiarly, glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the fundus, ileum and colon with a few frequencies. Gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus with numerous frequency and CCK-8-IR cells were observed in the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum with numerous and/or a few frequencies, respectively. In conclusion, some peculiar distributional patterns of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were found in C57BL/6 mouse.  相似文献   

8.
The histology of the canine intestine has not been accurately defined. To establish the precise thickness of its different layers, whole wall samples of the small intestine were removed from 41 cadavers at five standardised sampling sites (duodenum, proximal jejunum, distal jejunum, proximal ileum and distal ileum). The total thickness was estimated by morphometry, as was the thickness of the mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa and muscularis externa. In addition, the size of the lymphoid aggregates in the submucosa and the thickness of the circular and longitudinal layers within both the muscularis mucosae and the muscularis externa were estimated. The total intestinal thickness depended very much upon the thickness of the mucosa and submucosa. The mucosa decreased progressively from proximal to distal parts of the small intestine (47% reduction). The thickness of the submucosa, however, changed little from the duodenum to the distal jejunum, but increased significantly in the ileum; this change was positively correlated with the amount of lymphoid tissue. Sex influenced the thickness of the intestinal wall, with males displaying higher thickness values along the small intestine. Conversely, no correlation between bodyweight and intestinal thickness was found for any of the five sampling sites. This study gives absolute and relative values for the thickness of the layers of the dog intestine which might help in the diagnosis of small intestinal pathology from postmortem samples and/or endoscopic biopsies.  相似文献   

9.
The regional distribution and relative frequency of argyrophil cells, and of cells immunoreactive for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), substance P (SP), somatostatin, glicentin, glucagon, bovine pancreatic polypeptide (BPP), gastrin, leucine-enkephalin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), cholecystokinin, secretin, motilin, and neurotensin were studied in 9 segments from the gastrointestinal tract of cows (greater than 1 year old) and calves (less than 3 months old). Argyrophil cells, 5-HT-immunoreactive cells, and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, whereas the other immunoreactive cells were more restricted in distribution. Most endocrine cells were more numerous in the calf than in the cow. This feature was most conspicuous in the abomasum. In the abomasum, argyrophil cells in the cow and calf and 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the calf were found predominantly in the fundic region, whereas somatostatin-immunoreactive cells and gastrin-immunoreactive cells in the cow and calf and 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the cow were most numerous in the pyloric region. Substance P-, glucagon-, BPP-, and leucine-enkephalin-immunoreactive cells were rarely detected. In the small intestine, argyrophil cells, 5-HT-, SP-, somatostatin-, gastrin-, GIP-, cholecystokinin-, secretin-, and motilin-immunoreactive cells were most numerous in the duodenum. Neurotensin-, glicentin-, glucagon-, and BPP-immunoreactive cells were detected with the highest frequency in the ileum. In the large intestine, argyrophil cells and 5-HT-, glicentin-, BPP-, somatostatin-, glucagon-, and SP-immunoreactive cells occurred with the highest frequency in the rectum.  相似文献   

10.
鸡肠道SGLT1和GLUT2 mRNA表达的组织特异性研究   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  
运用相对定量RT-PCR方法，研究不同肠段Arbor Acre（AA）肉鸡肠道葡萄糖吸收转运主要载体SGLT1和GLUT2mRNA表达的组织特异性。结果发现。随着肠道空间位置的后移，SGLT1 mRNA的表达量逐步降低。十二指肠SGLT1 mRNA的丰度比结直肠高76．19Vo，差异极显著（P〈0．01）；而空肠和回肠SGLT1 mRNA的表达量分别比结直肠高42．86％和38．10％，差异不显著（P〉0．05），但有提高的趋势（P值分别为0．06和0．07）。十二指肠与空肠和回肠相比，SGLTlmRNA的表达量虽然分别高23．33％和27．59％，但差异不显著（P值分别为0．18和0．10）。相对定量分析表明，十二指肠和空肠GLUT2 mRNA丰度非常接近，差异不显著（P〉0．05）。定性研究显示，十二指肠与空肠GLUT2 mRNA丰度高于回肠和结直肠。鸡肠道SGLT1和GLUT2 mRNA表达的组织特异性之生理功能，有待于进一步研究。  相似文献   

11.
The intestinal morphology of 7-week-old pigs was investigated by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The piglets were fed either a semisynthetic or a cereal-based diet. The shapes of the intestinal villi and crypts of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were examined. The villi were predominantly tongue-shaped. In the duodenum they were also ridged, branched and folded, and in the jejunum they were also leaf-like and ridged. At places with lymph follicles, the surface of the ileum was rugged with meandering fold-like villi. The crypts of the three segments of the small intestine were mainly coiled and sometimes branched. A novel morphometric evaluation method was introduced using the enlargement factors of each villus and crypt surface. The enlargement factor for the villus surface of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum was 3.13, 3.72 and 2.71, respectively. The factor for the crypt surface of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum was 9.07, 8.94 and 6.53, respectively. Furthermore, the relative proliferation rate and the epithelial renewal index were calculated for the first time. The relative proliferation rate of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum was 32.88, 34.78 and 50.77 proliferations per mm crypt perimeter, respectively. The diets consumed had an influence on the epithelial renewal index being higher for piglets fed the cereal-based diets.  相似文献   

12.
本试验旨在研究葛根素对饲喂氧化大豆油饲粮黄羽肉鸡小肠黏膜形态结构、紧密连接蛋白基因表达及抗氧化能力的影响。试验采用2×2因子设计,因子包括油脂质量（新鲜大豆油和氧化大豆油）和葛根素添加水平（0、750 mg·kg-1）。选取健康1日龄雌性黄羽肉鸡360只,随机分成4个处理组,分别为新鲜大豆油饲粮组、新鲜大豆油+葛根素（750 mg·kg-1）饲粮组、氧化大豆油饲粮组和氧化大豆油+葛根素（750 mg·kg-1）饲粮组,每组6个重复,每个重复15羽。在28和56日龄时,每个重复随机选取1只鸡,取十二指肠、空肠、回肠检测小肠形态结构和测定小肠黏膜紧密连接蛋白基因表达及抗氧化指标。结果表明：1）饲喂氧化大豆油显著降低28日龄肉鸡十二指肠的绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）、回肠V/C和claudin-1 mRNA表达量以及56日龄肉鸡3个肠段的绒毛高度及V/C （P<0.05）,显著升高56日龄3个肠段的隐窝深度（P<0.05）。饲粮中添加葛根素显著提高28日龄肉鸡空肠绒毛高度和V/C、回肠闭合小环蛋白1（ZO-1） mRNA表达量和56日龄肉鸡十二指肠V/C、空肠和回肠的绒毛高度及V/C （P<0.05）,显著降低3个肠段的隐窝深度（P<0.05）。2）饲喂氧化大豆油显著升高28日龄十二指肠还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量和空肠还原型谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性（P<0.05）,并显著降低28日龄回肠GSH含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）（P<0.05）。饲粮中添加葛根素显著提高28日龄肉鸡十二指肠GSH-Px活性（P<0.05）。饲喂氧化大豆油显著降低56日龄回肠SOD活性和T-AOC （P<0.05）,饲粮中添加葛根素显著提高56日龄肉鸡十二指肠SOD和回肠SOD、GSH-Px活性（P<0.05）,显著降低56日龄肉鸡空肠GSH含量、SOD活性、T-AOC和回肠T-AOC （P<0.05）。综上所述,饲喂氧化大豆油破坏肠道黏膜形态结构、降低紧密连接蛋白基因的表达量和抗氧化能力,添加葛根素可提高肉鸡小肠黏膜紧密连接蛋白基因的表达量,改善氧化损伤条件下肠道黏膜形态结构,提高抗氧化酶的活性而提高其抗氧化能力。  相似文献   

13.
本文以乙酸浸提法获得的猪小肠抗菌肽粗提物为对象,通过纸片扩散法研究其在肠道内的分布、抑菌活性及其与添加水平之间的量效关系。结果表明:空肠抗菌肽的含量高于十二指肠与回肠。来源于十二指肠和回肠的抗菌肽对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果均好于沙门氏菌;在空肠则未见明显差异。说明猪小肠抗菌肽的抑菌效果随添加水平减少而不断下降,呈明显的剂量-效应关系。  相似文献   

14.
羔羊小肠pH及主要消化酶发育规律的研究   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13  
对小尾寒羊羔羊小肠不同部位(十二指肠、空肠和回肠)pH及淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶、脂肪酶和乳糖酶的活性进行了测定，结果表明：羔羊小肠不同部位内容物pH不同，回肠pH显著高于空肠，空肠和回肠pH显著高于十二指肠，羔羊1月龄后，小肠各段pH变化不大；小肠不同部位淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶及脂肪酶活性不同，空肠段淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶及脂肪酶活性高于十二指肠和回肠段，随着羔羊日龄的增长，小肠淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶及脂肪酶活性增加，3月龄后各消化酶活性变化差异不显著(P＜O．05)；羔羊小肠不同部位乳糖酶活性不同，空肠乳糖酶活性显著高于十二指肠和回肠，随着羔羊日龄的增长，小肠乳糖酶活性逐渐降低。  相似文献   

15.
The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the eight portions (fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, colon and rectum) of the gastrointestinal tract of SKH-1 hairless mice were investigated using immunohistochemical methods and seven types of specific antisera against somatostatin, serotonin, glucagon, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, secretin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and gastrin. In this study, somatostatin-, serotonin-, glucagon-, CCK-8-, secretin- and gastrin-immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of these IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle-shaped (open-type cell) while cells that were round in shape (close-type cell) were occasionally found in the stomach regions. Their relative frequencies were varied according to each portion of gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin-IR cells were found throughout the gastrointestinal tract except for the large intestine. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract and were the most predominant endocrine cell types in this species of mouse. Glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the fundus, occurring rarely. CCK-8-IR cells were observed in the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum with frequencies that were numerous, moderate and few, respectively. Peculiarly, secretin-IR cells were demonstrated in the whole intestinal tract with either few or rare frequencies. Gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus and were numerous. However, no PP-IR cells were found in this study. In conclusion, some peculiar distributional patterns of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were found in SKH-1 hairless mouse.  相似文献   

16.
1. A study was conducted on the pattern of development of the intestinal mucosa of the Steggles x Ross (F1) strain of broiler chickens reared on a commercial starter diet. The mechanisms underlying the structural changes were also assessed. 2. In relation to body weight, small intestinal weight peaked at 7 d of age and declined subsequently. There was also a reduction in the relative weights of the gizzard and yolk sac with age. The length of the small intestine and its regions increased with age. 3. Crypt depth increased with age in the duodenum and jejunum while villus height increased significantly with age in all three regions of the small intestine. There were also significant changes in apparent villus surface area in the three regions, while interactions between age and intestinal region were significant in the case of crypt depth and villus height. 4. There were significant differences between the age groups in the mucosal protein content of jejunal and ileal homogenates, both tending to peak at 7 d of age. The DNA content of the intestinal mucosa declined with age in the three regions of the small intestine. While there was an increase in RNA content in the duodenum and ileum, there was a reduction in the jejunum. 5. Protein: DNA ratio increased between hatch and 21 d of age in all intestinal regions. Protein: RNA ratio decreased with age in the duodenum and ileum but increased in the jejunum. There were significant increases in RNA: DNA ratio in the duodenum and ileum but no changes were observed in the jejunum. The interactions between age and intestinal region were significant for all biochemical indices assessed. 6. At all ages, enterocyte proliferation at the jejunum was completed and quantifiable within 1 h of administration of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrDU). Subsequent assessment revealed an increase in crypt column count and number of BrDU-labelled cells. The rate of cell migration increased with age while there was a decline in the distance migrated in proportion to mucosal depth. The estimated life-span of enterocytes and time spent by enterocytes in the crypt varied with age. In d-old and 7-d-old chicks, migration was complete or nearly complete within 96 h of cell birth. 7. Although the intestinal mucosa of the strain was structurally developed at hatch, there was much change in structure with age, especially over the first 7 d post hatch. The rate of development was most rapid in the jejunum but the other regions are also important, on account of villus height or relative length of the region.  相似文献   

17.
研究日粮中添加复合微生态制剂对蛋种鸡小肠肠道长度、pH及盲肠微生物的影响,试验选用1日龄海兰褐蛋种鸡320只,随机分为4个组,进行16周的试验。试验组日粮是在对照组日粮基础上分别添加50、100、200 g/t的复合微生态制剂组成。试验结果表明:① 与对照组相比, 21日龄时,添加复合微生态制剂组显著降低了蛋种鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠的相对长度(P<0.05);42日龄时,试验2组的回肠相对长度显著低于对照组(P<0.05); 112日龄时, 试验1组空肠和回肠的相对长度显著低于对照组 (P<0.05),试验3组十二指肠的相对长度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。②试验1、2组蛋种鸡21日龄空肠和回肠的pH显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验3组蛋种鸡21、42、112日龄十二指肠、42日龄空肠的pH也显著降低 (P<0.05) 。③添加复合微生态制剂可显著提高蛋种鸡21日龄盲肠乳酸菌的数量(P<0.05),其中试验2组乳酸菌的数量最多,与对照组相比,提高了11.76%,其次是试验3组和试验1组;添加复合微生态制剂对于42和112日龄蛋种鸡的盲肠微生物无显著影响。结果提示,日粮中添加复合微生态制剂能缩短蛋种鸡小肠肠道相对长度,同时降低肠道pH并能改善肠道菌群,对雏鸡的健康生长有促进作用。本试验中添加100 g/t的复合微生态制剂为适宜添加量。  相似文献   

18.
本试验旨在研究能量限制对三黄鸡补偿生长及肠道结构的影响,选用72只15日龄三黄母鸡,随机分为3个组:自由采食组(对照组)、15%能量限制组(试验1组)和30%能量限制组(试验2组),限饲15 d(30日龄)、补偿生长14 d(44日龄)和35 d(65日龄)后分别屠宰,取其十二指肠、空肠、回肠,测量其肠壁厚度、绒毛高度和隐窝深度。结果表明:1)限饲降低三黄鸡平均日增重(P0.05),但料重比与对照组相比差异不显著(P0.05)。补偿生长后,试验组与对照组组间的末重、平均日增重、料重比均差异不显著(P0.05)。2)限饲增加了十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度及回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P0.05)。补偿生长后,十二指肠肠壁厚度变薄(P0.05),空肠和回肠绒毛高度增加(P0.05)。本试验表明,能量限制显著降低三黄鸡限饲期生长性能,补偿生长35 d后表现出完全补偿生长效应;能量限制在一定程度上改善了三黄鸡的小肠肠道形态结构,增加了十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度。  相似文献   

19.
The development of the bovine small intestine was examined in 39 embryos and fetuses by light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic methods. Special reference was paid to the histogenesis of the ephithelium. In contrast to the duodenum the epithelium of jejunum and ileum undergoes a degeneration by vacuolation of its villous epithelial cells. The demonstration of the acid phosphatase activity of these vacuoles shows their lysosomal character. This degenerative process of the small intestinal epithelium is also known in large intestine where it leads to the destruction of the intestinal villi. Both seem to be part of a ‘principle of construction of the intestine of the vertebrates’(Wille, 1984).  相似文献   

20.
The objective of this study was to investigate the development of small intestinal size and digestive capacity of the jejunum in growing pigs. The weight, length, surface area, and mucosa weight of the small intestine were measured when pigs were 1, 3, 5, and 9 wk of age. Sucrase and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities of the jejunal brush-border membrane, prepared by differential centrifugation and Mg2+ precipitation, were determined at the respective postnatal stages. Body weights increased 7-fold from 2.7 kg at 1 wk to 23.32 kg at 9 wk postnatal. Body weight gains were greater (P < 0.05) from wk 3 to 5 than from wk 1 to 3. Weights of the small intestine and of the intestinal mucosa increased faster (P < 0.05) from 3 to 5 wk than from 1 to 3 wk; the slowest increase occurred from 5 to 9 wk. Weights of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and mucosa from the respective sections increased (P < 0.05) as pigs grew from 3 to 9 wk. Mucosa weight relative to the weight of the section was greater (P < 0.05) for the duodenum and jejunum than for the ileum at 9 wk of age. Between the ages of 3 and 9 wk, the increase in mucosa weight was highest for the jejunum followed by the duodenum and the ileum. The increase was greatest for the duodenum followed by the jejunum and the ileum when mucosal weight was expressed per unit of appropriate intestinal section weight. There was a 55-fold increase in jejunal sucrase activity from 1 to 9 wk; the greatest rate of increase occurred between 5 and 9 wk. Total jejunal ALP activities in pigs at 9 wk was greater (P < 0.05) than at 5 wk, which in turn was greater than at 1 wk of age. In summary, increases in BW during the first 9 wk of postnatal growth in pigs are accompanied by significant developmental changes in digestive capacity including intestinal weights, length, and area as well as jejunal brush-border sucrase and ALP activities.  相似文献   

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