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1.
白菜种质遗传多样性与亲缘关系的ISSR标记分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
摘要：从分子水平用ISSR标记法对白菜遗传多样性进行分析,从100个ISSR引物中共筛选出11个多态性明显、条带清晰、反应稳定的引物,对65个样品DNA共扩增出107条谱带,平均每个引物扩增出9.72条带,其中多态性位点102个(93.5% )。种间遗传相似系数在遗传距离在0.40～0.65 之间,表明白菜栽培种内品种间的遗传基础相对较宽,存在较大的遗传变异性。利用UPGMA聚类分析表明：能将65个白菜地方品种划分为四大类。由ISSR标记聚类结果所表现出的大多种质之间的亲缘关系与其来源地有较大的相关性,但也有地理差别很大的白菜资源遗传关系较近的情况。本研究还表明,ISSR 标记比RAPD 标记具有更高的稳定性,在植物遗传多样性的分子标记或克隆研究中,可优先使用ISSR 标记。 相似文献
2.
利用基因组DNA的RAPD、ISSR与SRAP等3种分子标记技术,以日本芜菁品种作为外类群,对来自于温州不同地区具有代表性的10个盘菜品种进行品种鉴定与遗传多样性分析。10个RAPD引物共产生多态性条带70条,多态率为71．7％;12个ISSR引物共产生142条清晰带,其中多态性条带70条,多态率为49．3％;8个SRAP引物组合共产生105条谱带,其中多态性谱带78条,多态性比率为74．3％,表明品种间存在较高的多态性。用单个引物NAURP299、NAUISR43以及SRAP引物组合mel／em2,都可以将11个品种完全区分开来。基于3种标记的聚类分析结果表明,11个材料可以分为3大类,一定程度上能够揭示品种之间园艺学性状的相似性及亲缘关系远近。 相似文献
3.
遗传多样性的估计可以根据不同的数据类型进行，本试验的目的是用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)标记、形态性状和系谱记录来研究Croatian小麦品种间的遗传多样性，分析来自两个育种中心的小麦品种间的差异，同时将RAPD标记与形态性状和系谱数据比较，评价了该标记在估计品种间遗传多样性方面的适用性。用来自Cavetian两个育种中心的14个小麦品种和育种品系进行了研究。筛选出36个引物来作RAPD分析， 相似文献
4.
旨在分析不同地区国兰间的亲缘关系,为国兰资源的开发及新品种的选育提供分子水平的参考依据。利用RAPD和ISSR分子标记技术,对7种国兰的21个品种资源进行遗传多样性和亲缘关系分析。结果表明:39个RAPD和ISSR引物在供试材料中共扩增出96条带型清晰的谱带,其中31条为多态性条带;通过UPGMA聚类分析表明,21个国兰品种资源间遗传距离在1.91~6.60之间,其中春兰资源的遗传距离在1.91~4.38之间,建兰资源的遗传距离在2.60~6.20之间,寒兰资源的遗传距离在2.20~5.80之间,墨兰资源的遗传距离在3.52~6.60之间,表现出了较高的遗传多样性。聚类分析结果与传统的形态学分类结果基本一致,也说明分子标记可以在分子水平反映遗传资源的遗传多样性,具有灵敏度高、结果真实可靠等优点。本研究结果显示国兰品种间的亲缘关系与地理位置分布相关,为兰属植物的分类及遗传多样性研究提供了一定的理论支撑。 相似文献
5.
烟草赤星病菌遗传多样性ISSR和RAPD标记比较分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对分离出的链格孢菌株用ISSR和RAPD分子标记技术分析研究其遗传多样性,比较2种分子生物学方法在链格孢遗传分析中的优劣,为研究烟草赤星病菌遗传多样性及烟草抗病品种的培育奠定基础。采用ISSR和RAPD分子标记方法对来自不同地区的28份烟草赤星病菌进行遗传多样性分析,筛选出10个ISSR引物和10个RAPD引物;ISSR扩增出多态性条带112条,多态性条带比率为86.82%,菌株间相似性系数为0.53~0.97;RAPD引物扩增出多态性条带70条,多态性条带比率为81.39%,菌株间相似性系数为0.57~0.94。用SPSS 17.0 软件对2种标记遗传距离进行相关性分析,发现2种分子标记结果呈显著正相关,表明2种分子标记方法都适合于烟草赤星病菌遗传多样性研究,ISSR是一种多态性优于RAPD的标记技术。根据2种标记的结果,利用NTSYS软件按UPGMA方法进行聚类分析,发现烟草赤星病菌遗传多样性与地理差异没有显著相关性。 相似文献
6.
RAPD和AFLP标记分析中国马铃薯主要品种的遗传多样性 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
采用RAPD 和AFLP两种方法分析71份中国各地马铃薯主要品种,均可将其完全区分,并可对其进行分子鉴定;证明中国马铃薯主要品种遗传组成上差异小,遗传多样性差。由于标记方法的原理差异和栽培马铃薯遗传组成复杂性,用2种方法分类的结果有所差异。AFLP标记检测获得的Shannon-weaver指数和Simpson指数均高于RAPD标记检测的结果,AFLP标记检测多态性的能力远高于RAPD标记。AFLP标记平均每个引物组合检测到100.1个位点,其中54.9条为多态性位点,而RAPD标记的相应数据分别为12.5和9.8个。不同的标记方法在马铃薯遗传多样性研究中存在差异,聚类结果从分子水平反映了中国现有主要马铃薯品种遗传基础的狭窄。 相似文献
7.
本研究利用ISSR以及在甘薯中报道较少的3种分子标记技术SCoT、CDDP、CBDP,分别对46份甘薯及其近缘属I.trifida进行基因组扫描。结果表明,SCoT、CDDP、CBDP 3种分子标记的单引物平均扩增片段数和扩增多态性均优于目前甘薯研究中常用的ISSR分子标记。4种标记分析结果遗传相似性系数变异范围0.36~0.92,各分子标记获得的遗传相似性系数差异不大。利用全部分子标记结果进行聚类分析和主坐标分析表明,参试材料之间差异较明显。甘薯与I.trifida间遗传多样性丰富,遗传差异较大。在不同甘薯品种之间,除少部分材料间遗传差异较大外,大部分甘薯品种间的差异较小。本研究结果初步证明SCoT、CDDP、CBDP 3种分子标记可应用于今后甘薯及其近缘属分子标记研究,更好的发掘甘薯及其近缘属的遗传多样性。此外,利用I.trifida与栽培甘薯较大的遗传差异,丰富栽培甘薯遗传多样性,将对甘薯育种发展具有重要作用。 相似文献
8.
8份剑麻种质亲缘关系的ISSR和RAPD分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了揭示剑麻栽培品种的遗传多样性,利用ISSR和RAPD分子标记技术对8份剑麻种质的亲缘关系进行分析。结果表明,筛选后选用的8条ISSR引物和8条RAPD引物,分别产生了53条和66条扩增条带,其中多态性条带分别为44条和61条,多态性条带百分率分别为83.02%和92.42%。根据2种标记的扩增结果,用UPGMA法对8份剑麻种质进行聚类分析,供试材料之间具有较高的遗传多样性,其品种间遗传相似系数分别为0.59~0.80和0.52~0.76。2个标记的聚类结果基本一致,但有点差异,可将供试的8份剑麻种质划分为2类群,而且2个标记聚类结果呈显著相关性,相关系数为0.70。可见,剑麻种质资源的遗传多样性丰富。 相似文献
9.
10.
DNA分子标记广泛用于生物研究的许多方面。本文简要介绍了RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、SSR及ISSR等几种目前常用分子标记的原理,归纳总结了分子标记在银杏中的应用研究进展。(1)获得了2个雄性特有的RAPD标记和2个雌性特有的AFLP标记,为银杏的早期性别鉴定及相关基因克隆奠定了基础;(2)采用RAPD标记和ISSR标记对我国部分栽培品种进行了分子鉴别和分类的研究,编制了一些品种的DNA指纹检索表;(3)利用RAPD和ISSR标记对一些群体、个体及栽培品种或变异类型进行了遗传分化和遗传多样性研究,结果发现银杏具有较高的遗传多样性,群体间、个体间、栽培品种及类型间都存在不同程度的遗传分化;(4)利用ISSR标记对一些个体的遗传杂合性进行了研究,结果显示个体的平均杂合率为43.53%;(5)构建了包含62个RAPD标记、19个连锁群的银杏分子遗传图谱;(6)探索了银杏优先保护种群的确定。分子标记在银杏其它方面的应用还很少。今后,除了继续对上述方面进行深入系统的研究外,还应充分运用DNA分子标记技术,开展银杏的分子标记辅助选择育种、种质评价与鉴别及保育生物学等方面的研究。 相似文献
11.
Summary Carthamus tinctorius (2n = 2x = 24) (family Asteraceae), commonly known as safflower, is widely cultivated in agricultural production systems of Asia,
Europe, Australia and the Americas as a source of high-quality vegetable and industrial oil. India ranks first in the production
of safflower oil. Fourteen cultivars, widely cultivated in various agro-climatic regions of India, have been fingerprinted
by RAPD, ISSR, and AFLP markers utilizing 36, 21 primers, and 4 primer combinations, respectively. On an individual assay
basis, AFLP has proven to be the best marker system as compared with the other two markers applied as assessed by high discriminating
power (0.98), assay efficiency index (33.2), marker index (18.2), resolving power (40.62), and genotype index (0.856). Thirty-six
RAPD and 21 SSR primers could differentiate a maximum of eight and four cultivars, respectively, whereas, two AFLP primer
combinations could fingerprint all the 14 cultivars. To understand genetic relationships among these cultivars, Jaccard's
similarity coefficient and UPGMA clustering algorithm were applied to the three marker data sets. Mean genetic similarities
ranged from 0.689 (AFLP) to 0.952 (ISSR). Correlation coefficient comparisons between similarity matrices and co-phenetic
matrices obtained with the three markers revealed that AFLP displayed no congruence vis-a-vis RAPD and ISSR data. However,
strong correlation was observed between RAPD and ISSR marker systems. This paper reports the start of molecular biology programme
targeting nuclear genome of safflower, a major world oilseed crop about whose genetics very little is known. 相似文献
12.
Harsukh Popatbhai Gajera Rinkal Kishorbhai Domadiya Sunil Vrajlal Patel Baljibhai Arjanbhai Golakiya 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2014,17(2):79-88
The genetic variability and relationships among 11 cowpea genotypes representing two cultivars and nine elite genotypes were analyzed using 22 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and nine inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. ISSR markers were more efficient than RAPD assay with regards to polymorphism detection. But the average numbers of polymorphic loci per primer and resolution power were found to be higher for RAPD than for ISSR. Also, the total number of genotype specific marker loci, Nei’s genetic diversity, Shannon’s information index, total heterozygosity, and average heterozygosity were prominent in RAPD as compared to ISSR markers. The regression test between the two Nei’s genetic diversity indices showed low regression (0.3733) between ISSR and RAPD + ISSR-based similarities but maximum (0.9823) for RAPD and RAPD + ISSR-based similarities. The RAPD- and ISSR-generated cultivar- or genotype-specific unique DNA fingerprints able to identify the most diverse genotypes. A dendrogram constructed based on RAPD and ISSR combined data indicated a very clear pattern of clustering according to the groups (cultivars and elite genotypes). The results of principal coordinate analysis were comparable to the cluster analysis. Cluster analysis showed that most diverse genotypes (GP-125 — small size with good seed quality; GP-129, GP-90L — big size with poor seed quality) were separated from moderately diverse cultivars and genotypes. The genetic closeness among GP-129 and GP-90L, JCPL-42, and JCPL-107 could be explained by the high degree of commonness in these genotypes. 相似文献
13.
利用RAPD和ISSR标记分析苎麻野生种质资源的遗传多样性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文以8个地方栽培品种为参照,应用RAPD和ISSR标记从DNA水平分析了来自于不同生态区域的30份苎麻野生种质的遗传背景.在31条RAPD引物中,共扩增出358个条带,平均产率为11.5条带/条引物;而在18对ISSR引物共扩增出266个条带,平均产率为14.8条带/条引物.用NTSYs 2.0软件进行UPGMA法聚类.聚类分析结果表明:在0.73的相似系数水平上,均可将38份材料分成8大类群,对两种标记的比较和混合分析得出:RAPD和ISSR标记适用于苎麻野生材料的遗传多样性分析,但ISSR比RAPD标记更适合苎麻野生种质资源亲缘关系分析.这为我们以后的苎麻杂交育种提供了重要的依据. 相似文献
14.
In this study, two microsatellite-based methodologies (SSR and ISSR) were evaluated for potential use in fingerprinting and
determination of the similarity degree between 41 commercial cultivars of apple previously characterised using RAPD and AFLP
markers. A total of 13 SSR primer sets was used and 84 polymorphic alleles were amplified. Seven ISSR primers yielded a total
of 252 bands, of which 176 (89.1%) were polymorphic. Except for cultivars obtained from somatic mutations, all cultivars were
easily distinguishable employing both methods. The similarity coefficient between cultivars ranged from 0.20 to 0.87 for SSR
analysis and from 0.71 to 0.92 using the ISSR methodology. Dendrograms constructed using UPGMA cluster analysis revealed a
phenetic classification that emphasises the existence of a narrow genetic base among the cultivars used, with the Portuguese
cultivars revealing higher diversity. This study indicates that the results obtained based on the RAPD, AFLP, SSR and ISSR
techniques are significantly correlated. The marker index, based on the effective multiplex ratio and expected heterozygosity,
was calculated for both analyses (MI = 1.7 for SSR and MI = 8.4 for ISSR assays) and the results obtained were directly compared
with previous RAPD and AFLP data from the same material. The SSR and ISSR markers were found to be useful for cultivar identification
and assessment of phenetic relationships, revealing advantages, due to higher reproducibility, over other commonly employed
PCR-based methods, namely RAPD and AFLP.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
Mehmet Ali Sudupak 《Euphytica》2004,135(2):229-238
Intra and inter-species ISSR variation and use of ISSR markers in determination of genetic relationship were investigated
in an accession collection representing twoperennial and six annual Cicerspecies. Screening of Ciceraccessions with SSR primers revealed highly reproducible amplicon profiles with relatively high multiplex ratios. Many of
the primers generated amplicon profiles with which not only the differences among species can readily be identified, but also
polymorphisms within species could be detected more efficiently. PCR products at 150 gel positions detected using six SSR
primers in Cicer accessions were treated as dominant DNA markers and utilized to compute the distances among accessions and species. Cluster
analysis of accessions and species revealed groupings that corroborate our previous studies of relationships based on allozyme
and AFLP analysis. Consistent with the AFLP analysis carried out in the same accession collection, ISSR-based groupings indicated
that perennial C. incisumis genetically close to the annuals of the second crossability group (C. pinnatifidum,C. bijugum, C. judaicum) while C. reticulatum is the closest wild species to the cultivated chickpea. ISSR-based variation estimates were relatively higher when compared
to previous estimates computed from RAPD and AFLP data. Technically, ISSR analysis combines the PCR-based targeting of microsatellite-associated
polymorphisms with no prior sequence requirement and stringent PCR conditions. Similarly, when compared to AFLP analysis,
it is less technically demanding allowing to survey polymorphic loci in the genome. Thus, ISSR-PCR technology is a reliable,
fast, and cost-effective marker system that can be used to study genetic variation and genetic relationships in the genusCicer.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
Twenty two RAPD and 22 ISSR markers were evaluated for their potential use in determination of genetic relationships in chickpea
(Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars and breeding lines. We were able to identify six chickpea cultivars/breeding lines by cultivar-specific markers.
All of the cultivars tested displayed a different phenotype generated either by the RAPD or ISSR primers. Though ISSR primers
generated less markers than RAPD primers, the ISSR primers produced higher levels of polymorphism (% of polymorphic markers
per primer) than RAPD primers. A high level of within cultivar homogeneity was observed in chickpea. Cultivars/breeding lines
originating from a common genetic background showed closer genetic relationship. Chickpea lines with similar seed type(kabuli
or desi) had a tendency to cluster together.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Variation in Capsicum annuum revealed by RAPD and AFLP markers 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
Genetic relationships were examined among thirty-four pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars of different types. Two types of
PCR-based markers were used, RAPD and AFLP, and their relative effectiveness was compared. A dendrogram based on RAPD markers
separated the large-fruited sweet cultivars from the small-fruited pungent peppers, and the former group showed less divergence
than the latter. The percentage of polymorphic markers was lower for AFLP than for RAPD markers (13 and 22% respectively).
However, AFLP primers amplified on average six times more products than RAPD markers. The average numbers of polymorphic products
per primer were 1.6 and 6.5 for RAPD and AFLP primers, respectively, i.e., AFLP primers were four times more efficient than
RAPD primers in their ability to detect polymorphism in pepper. While four blocky type cultivars were indistinguishable by
RAPD, two AFLP primer pairs were sufficient to distinguish the four cultivars from each other.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献