共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 53 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
灰色理论具有计算简便、不要求有大量的样本数据。这对于信息量少的拖拉机拥有量分析是适宜的,并且预测精度较高。采用灰色系统GM(1,1)模型对新疆农用大中型拖拉机拥有量进行预测,对新疆农业机械发展具有重要的意义。 相似文献
4.
为了提高农业机械化水平、农业生产效率和优化农业产业结构,保证在农业机械生产与实际需求的一致性,在制订农业机械化水平发展规划过程中需要对农业机械数量进行预测。为此,采用基于遗传算法的BP神经网络预测算法,对我国从1997-2013年期间以农机总动力、中大型拖拉机数量和小型拖拉机数量为内容的主要农业装备数量进行预测。预测结果表明,利用遗传算法与BP神经网络相结合的方法预测全国农业机械装备数量,农机总动力预测值与绝对值平均误差为1.080%、农用大中型拖拉机数量预测值与绝对值平均误差为1.352%、小型拖拉机数量预测值与绝对值平均误差为1.765%,预测精度稳定,该预测方法适用于本时间序列预测问题。 相似文献
5.
农用节水灌溉机械的拥有量是反映一个地区节水灌溉水平的重要指标之一,对其进行预测将有助于了解该类机械的未来需求状况,同时也将为合理制定相关规划提供理论依据。以2000-2010年的河南省农用节水灌溉机械拥有量为观测样本,建立了河南省农用节水灌溉机械拥有量的预测模型,进行了仿真预测实验,并预测出了"十二五"期间河南省各年份的农用节水灌溉机械拥有量。该预测模型为三层BP神经网络模型,各层神经元数目分别为4、9和1。仿真预测实验表明该模型在所有预测点的预测平均相对误差为0.62%,具有高预测精度。预测结果表明"十二五"期间河南省农用节水灌溉机械的拥有量将出现先增加后减少再增加的波动趋势。 相似文献
6.
基于BP神经网络的农机拥有量预测技术 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
应用BP神经网络技术预测农业机械的社会拥有量，证实了农机拥有量系统的非线性混沌特征，提出了预测的“窗口”最优化方法和预测操作技术。并对今后5年的农机拥有量进行了预测。 相似文献
7.
基于综合评价法的农机装备水平研究及预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
农机装备水平的高低、结构是否合理,将影响农业综合生产能力及现代化大农业的发展。为此,选取农机装备水平中的农业机械总动力、大中型拖拉机、小型拖拉机、大中型拖拉机配套农具、小型拖拉机配套农具、农用排灌动力机械、联合收获机、机动割晒机及农用运输车作为评价农机装备水平的指标,采用熵值法确定各指标权重,再根据综合评价模型计算得出各年度的农机装备水平综合得分情况,对黑龙江垦区农机装备水平进行评价。然后,基于二次曲线,建立回归函数模型,预测未来一段时间内农机装备发展情况。结果表明:在未来黑龙江垦区农机总动力仍将继续增加,大中型拖拉机及其配套农具占据主导地位,小型拖拉机及其配套农具持续减少,垦区农机装备加速换代升级,农机装备结构进一步优化。 相似文献
8.
9.
为预测宁夏地区农业机械化水平的发展变化趋势,提出一种将灰色预测模型与BP神经网络有效结合的农业机械总动力预测方法。在BP神经网络的数据预处理阶段融入灰色预测理论,建立基于灰色BP神经网络的农机总动力预测模型,并选取1991-2014年宁夏回族自治区农业机械总动力数据作为样本,利用该模型进行仿真预测,结果表明:该模型具有较高的预测精度,其平均相对误差仅为0.18%,明显优于灰色GM(1,1)模型的3.5 0%和标准BP神经网络的0.2 9%。 相似文献
10.
基于灰色理论和BP神经网络的农业用水量预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用灰色GM(1,1)模型和BP神经网络模型相结合的灰色BP神经网络模型,对农业用水量进行预测.此组合模型兼有灰色预测和BP神经网络预测的优点,既克服了数据波动性大对预测精度的影响,也增强了预测的自适应性.为此,以辽河流域某典型区为例进行预测,结果证明了该组合模型的优势,为农业用水量预测研究提供参考依据. 相似文献
11.
Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
12.
瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
13.
对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
14.
对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
15.
About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
16.
在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
17.
Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
18.
在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
19.
20.
车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献