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正鸡黄曲霉素中毒是由饲喂黄曲霉毒素超标的饲料或鸡群误食含黄曲霉素的食物引起的以神经衰弱、颈部肌肉痉挛、慢性中毒时肝肿大、体质衰竭为发病特征的中毒现象,常导致病鸡出现废食、下痢、皮肤苍白或黄疸、生产力下降,甚至脏器衰竭死亡。黄曲霉素中毒是鸡的一种常见饲料中毒性疾病,目前尚无有效治疗方法,往往给养鸡生产造成严重损失。应引起广大养殖户的高度重视。1发病机理(1)黄曲霉毒素是高毒性和高致癌性毒素,是黄曲 相似文献
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在养鸡生产中,饲料费在总开支中所占的比例最大。减少饲料浪费,提高饲料利用率,节约饲料费开支,是降低养鸡成本,提高养鸡经济效益的一个关键环节。目前,在养鸡生产中,饲料的浪费是相当普遍的,有的浪费达80%以上,严重地影响到养鸡生产者的经济效益。因此,必须采取有力的措 相似文献
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近年来,随着各地养鸡业的发展,养鸡已成为广大农村农民增收致富的一项重要来源。与此同时,每年因鸡发生各类中毒事故也给养鸡户造成了一定的经济损失。为此,为减少鸡中毒性疾病的发生,笔者现将鸡的几种常见中毒性疾病的特征与防治方法介绍如下。1 中毒类型及症状1.1 饲料中毒常见饲料中毒有变质鱼粉、霉变饲料中毒和食盐中毒,有时也可遇到生豆饼、棉籽饼、菜籽饼中 相似文献
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育成蛋鸡慢性食盐中毒诊治李炜（甘肃省宁县兽药饲料监督所７４５２００）宁县良平乡一养鸡专业户，饲养１５周龄伊莎褐蛋鸡８００只，因慢性食盐中毒，死亡４７只，损失１０００余元。１发病及症状该专业户用窑洞养鸡，通风换气不良，饲喂自配混合饲料，畜主为防治鸡群啄... 相似文献
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目前农村养鸡还是以家庭式散养为主，饲养方法简单，多数农户只喂残羹剩饭，很少饲喂配合饲料；鸡群满村跑，到处觅食。由于饲养方法落后、管理不善、设备简陋、鸡群因疫病、溺水、中毒、兽害等各种原因而大量死亡，影响农户养鸡生产，造成农村畜禽疫情流行难于控制，严重污染农村的公共卫生环境。 相似文献
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在现代养鸡生产中,钙磷饲料的科学利用是保证养鸡生产成功的关键问题之一,也是饲料生产企业非常关注的问题。如何根据鸡对钙磷营养需要的原理：在生产中科学地使用钙磷饲料应该引起重视。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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在归纳总结RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记技术的原理、优缺点的基础上,系统论述了其在牦牛遗传育种研究中的应用现状,并提出了个人的建议和看法。 相似文献
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微卫星DNA (Microsatellite DNA)与其他DNA分子标记相比较,具有数量多、分布广且均匀、多态性丰 富、呈孟德尔共显性遗传、易于检测、分析快速方便等一系列优点,并在动植物遗传多样性评估、遗传连锁图谱构建、 绘制系统发生树、QTL定位、标记辅助选择、疾病诊断及血缘关系鉴定等研究领域中得到广泛应用。本文就微卫星标记 及其在羊品种遗传育种中的应用作一综述。 相似文献
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SUMMARY This paper reviews food allergy and intolerance in dogs and cats. Adverse reactions to ingested food components can affect many systems and can produce signs involving the skin, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and central nervous system, and these clinical signs are reviewed. Most basic food ingredients have the potential to induce an allergic response, although most reactions are caused by proteins. In particular, dogs and cats can become sensitive to cow's milk, beef, fish or cereal. Food allergy and intolerance is rare in dogs and cats, although the incidence in practice is difficult to establish. Clinical signs are quite variable, depending on the individual response, although the major clinical sign is pruritus. Diagnosis can be difficult, as there is no single test available to help the clinician to confirm or refute the presence of food sensitivity. Diagnosis is based on dietary investigation in the form of elimination diets and test meals. Elimination diets for dogs include lamb, chicken, rabbit, horse meat and fish as sources of protein, with rice or potatoes. Successful elimination diets for cats include lamb, chicken, rabbit or venison, with rice. Improvement in clinical signs while on the elimination diet is suggestive of food allergy. The diagnosis should be confirmed by feeding the original diet, with the development of clinical signs within 7 to 14 days of feeding. 相似文献
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袁博 《畜牧兽医科学(电子版)》2021,(5):91-92
鸡养殖中禽霍乱疾病的出现主要是由于多杀性巴氏杆菌感染的一种传染性疾病,主要会导致鸡只出现急性败血症和机体炎症反应等,慢性型感染会导致鸡只出现皮下及机体内脏器官、关节等的化脓性炎症反应。禽霍乱疾病在鸡养殖全年均会出现,尤其是在气温变化较大的时期疾病爆发的可能性更高。禽霍乱疾病在急性爆发的情况下病死率相对较高,同时短期内即会出现死亡的情况,难以进行有效的治疗,易导致鸡养殖户出现严重的经济损失。该文主要对鸡禽霍乱疾病的流行病学特点、临床症状及相关的防治措施进行论述。 相似文献
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Four experiments were conducted to examine the effects of general and local anesthetics given prior to castration on piglet behavior and weight gain. The first experiment showed that use of general anesthesia by xylazine, ketamine hydrochloride and glyceryl guaiacolate for 2-wk-old piglets resulted in the death of 28% of the piglets and, for those that survived, suppressed nursing behavior. In the second experiment, using 2-wk-old piglets, local anesthesia by lidocaine hydrochloride prevented the slight (30 min) castration-induced nursing behavior suppression. In the third and fourth studies, using 7-wk-old pigs, local or general anesthetic did not overcome castration-induced changes in behavior. Castration affected behavior of 7-wk-old pigs for 6 to 8 h. None of the treatments in any of the studies influenced weight gain. We conclude that castration is painful for 2-wk-old and 7-wk-old pigs. The 2-wk-old pig seems behaviorally less affected by castration than does the 7-wk-old pig. Local anesthetic prevented pain-induced behavior changes for 2-wk-old, but not for 7-wk-old, pigs. At present, the FDA does not permit use of these anesthetics in meat-producing animals. 相似文献