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1.
本试验直接从细胞培养液中提取猪瘟兔化弱毒（ＨＣＬＶ）ＲＮＡ，并根据猪瘟病毒（ＨＣＶ）Ａｌｆｏｒｔ株和Ｂｒｅｓｃｉａ株的核苷酸序列，将ＥＩ基因分两段，设计并合成了４条引物。采用反转录－多聚酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ），成功地扩增出了ＨＣＬＶ保护性囊膜糖蛋白ＥＩ基因。以ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔ和ｐＵＣ１９为载体，将ＥＩ基因的两个片段分别进行克隆并转化到大肠杆菌ＪＭ１０１。经过分析鉴定，证明所扩增的片段为ＨＣＬＶＥＩ基因  相似文献   

2.
中国猪瘟兔化弱毒兔脾组织毒部分基因序列分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
利用反转录（ＲＴ）及套式ＰＣＲ（Ｎ－ＰＣＲ）方法,获得了中国猪瘟兔化弱毒（ＨＣＬＶ）兔脾组织毒５１１０个碱基（２２４０－７３５０）扩增片段,包括其结构蛋白基因ｇｐ５５和非结构蛋白基因ｐ５４及ｐ８０将其克隆也测序载体中,通过测序确定了这些基因的核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列。  相似文献   

3.
猪瘟病毒石门株基因组cDNA片断的扩增与克隆测序   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
以猪瘟病毒（ＨＣＶ）中国石门株强毒的血毒、细胞毒及Ｃ系兔化弱毒的细胞毒中提取的总ＲＮＡ为模板，应用逆转录─聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ一ＰＣＲ），在合成的两对ＨＣＶ特异引物引导下，扩增出与预计大小一致的４４１和３００ｂｐ两个核酸片断。寡核苷酸探针杂交证实确为ＨＣＶＰ_８０和ｇｐ４４／４８蛋白编码区特异性的ｃＤＮＡ片断。扩增片断克隆入ｐＵＣ_１９和ｐＢＳＫ（＋）中，并对ＨＣＶ石门株Ｐ_８０区ｃＤＮＡ片断进行测序分析，其与国外Ａｌｆｏｒｔ、Ｂｒｅｓｃｉａ株同源性分别为９０．６％和９４．６％。氨基酸水平上同源性高达９８．４％。为抗猪瘟病毒Ｐ_８０区核酶的设计和应用提供了依据。  相似文献   

4.
用ＥｃｏＲＩ＋ＨｉｎｄⅢ双酶解含鸡α－珠蛋白基因５′端核基质附着区（ＭＡＲ）、小鼠金属硫蛋白基因启动子（ＭＴ－１）和人胰岛素样生长因子－１（ｈＩＧＦ－１）基因的ｐＭＴＳＭＣＡＧ质粒，０．６％琼脂糖凝胶电泳，玻璃乳回收纯化ＭＡＲ／ＭＴ／ｈＩＧＦ－１片段（３．９ｋｂ），用该片段制备转基因兔。利用水平显微注射系统注射１－细胞兔胚胎４６８枚，移植到３６只受体兔，有８只妊娠，共产下１９只活仔兔。采仔兔耳样提取基因组ＤＮＡ，应用ＰＣＲ技术分析其外源基因整合情况，获得８只阳性兔（显示出约６００ｂｐ外源ＤＮＡ条带）。再对８只阳性兔的ＰＣＲ产物进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交，得到５只整合有ＭＡＲ／ＭＴ／ｈＩＧＦ－１外源基因的转基因兔，转基因整合率为２６．３％（５／１９）。用１只阳性转基因公兔（５０２号）繁殖了６窝，共获得４２只仔兔。采仔兔耳样提取基因组ＤＮＡ后，如上用ＰＣＲ分析和做Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交，Ｆ１代中有５只整合有ＭＡＲ／ＭＴ／ｈＩＧＦ－１融合基因。  相似文献   

5.
应用反转录—聚合酶链技术快速检测猪瘟病毒RNA的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
依据猪瘟病毒（ＣＳＦＶ）５′端非编码区休守序列设计一对ＰＣＲ引物，建立了检测ＣＳＦＶ的反转录－聚合酶链（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）技术，应用该技术从猪瘟免兔化毒感染兔的脾淋巴结，肾与肌肉等以及石门株强毒感染猪的脾与肌肉和湖北分离毒株感染猪组织匀浆液中均特异扩增出１条预期大小为１９４ｂｐ的片段，从实验感染兔和猪的血液中也特异扩增出了该片段，但对牛病毒性腹泻病毒（ＢＶＤＶ）和健康兔脾总ＲＮＡ以及健康猪的血液ＲＮＡ  相似文献   

6.
用ＳＰＦ鸡胚繁殖新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）Ｆ４６Ｅ９株（强毒）、ＬａＳｏｔａＥ４株（弱毒）、对病毒进行纯一提ＲＮＡ。用１对均为２７个碱基的引物进行ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ，扩增出了２个毒株的融合蛋白裂解位点（Ｆｃ）基因。将Ｆｃ基因定向克隆人ｐＵＣＬａＦｃ，用ＥｃｏＲＩ／Ｓａｌ Ｉ双酶切法、ＰｓｔＩ单酶切法、ＰＣＲ法和核酸探针法对其进行了鉴定。将鉴定好的ＬａＳｏｔａＥ４Ｆｃ基因定向导入表达载体质粒ｐＢＶ２２１，ａｑｔ  相似文献   

7.
冲取３２只超排或自然发情配种的母兔早期胚胎４２７枚，选其中导入抗猪瘟Ｒｉｂｏｚｙｍｅ基因后的３４７枚优质胚胎分组移植不同受体。第一组将９３枚微注射卵移植到７只冲卵后的供体输卵管内，６只妊娠并产仔３２只。经ＰＣＲ检测３２只仔兔中有２只整合了外源基因。第二组将２５４枚微注射卵移植异体受体１３只，妊娠６只并产仔２０只。经ＰＣＲ检测２０只仔兔中有２只整合了外源基因。  相似文献   

8.
禽流感RT-PCR诊断法的建立   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
根据禽流感病毒（ＡＩＶ）Ａ／Ｃｈｉｃｋｅｎ／Ｂｒｅｓｌｉｎ／１９０２（Ｈ７Ｎ７）株的血凝素（ＨＡ）基因参考序列设计合成一对Ｈ７ＨＡ特异引物,并应用ＳＤＳ－蛋白酶Ｋ法提取病毒ＲＮＡ,建立了逆转录－聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＡＩＶＲＮＡ的方法。应用此法对鸡胚培养的ＡＩＶ尿囊液、ＳＰＦ感染鸡粪便进行了检测,并与琼脂扩散试验和电镜技术作了对比。特异性试验以新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）、传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）、传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）、减蛋综合征病毒（ＥＤＳ－７６Ｖ）等的感染鸡胚尿囊液作为对照。结果表明,ＡＩＶ尿囊液ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ全部阳性,ＳＰＦ感染鸡粪便８７份,ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检出６９份阳性,样品处理浓缩后琼脂扩散检出１１份,电镜检测了２３份样品,仅检出２份阳性。非特异性对照样品经ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测全部阴性。将ＡＩＶ感染鸡胚尿囊液作１０倍系列连续稀释,可检出稀释度为１０－２的病毒尿囊液。ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ最早检出时间为感染后第３天,而琼扩和电镜均是７天。该法具有高度的特异性和灵敏性,且节约时间（只需８小时左右）,可从分子水平上对ＡＩＶ进行早期快速诊断和流行病学调查  相似文献   

9.
用提纯的鸭肝炎病毒（ＤＨＶ）免疫家兔制备高免血清，常规方法提取ＩｇＧ，与１％葡萄球菌Ａ蛋白（ＳＰＡ）阳性菌悬液混合，以ＰＨ７．２０．２ｍｏｌ／ＬＰＢＳ作缓冲液，制成鸭病毒性肝炎（ＤＶＨ）ＳＰＡ协同凝集试验（ＳＰＡ－ＣｏＡ）诊断试剂，同时制备阴性对照试剂。用ＳＰＡ－ＣｏＡ检测人工感染致死的雏鸭肝脏、含ＤＨＶ强毒的鸭胚液、适应鸡胚的疫苗毒鸡胚尿囊毒的检出率均为１００％。用ＳＰＡ－ＣｏＡ检测强毒时，样品  相似文献   

10.
用ＳＰＦ鸡胚繁殖新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）Ｆ４６Ｅ９株（强毒）、ＬａＳｏｔａＥ４株（弱毒），对病毒进行纯化，抽提ＲＮＡ。用１对均为２７个碱基的引物进行ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ，扩增出了２个毒株的融合蛋白裂解位点（Ｆｃ）基因。将Ｆｃ基因定向克隆入ｐＵＣ１８的ＥｃｏＲＩ和ＳａｌⅠ位点之间，获得２个毒株Ｆｃ基因克隆ｐＵＣＦ４６Ｆｃ和ｐＵＣＬａＦｃ，用ＥｃｏＲＩ／ＳａｌⅠ双酶切法、ＰｓｔⅠ单酶切法、ＰＣＲ法和核酸探针法对其进行了鉴定。将鉴定好的ＬａＳｏｔａＥ４Ｆｃ基因定向导入表达载体质粒ｐＢＶ２２１，获得重组子ｐＢＶＬａＦｃ。ＰＣＲ和内切酶酶切法鉴定表明，Ｆｃ插入的位置和方向都正确无误。用Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＤＨ５α通过热诱导法进行了表达。用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ法检测了表达产物。结果表明，有１条能够与ＮＤＶ多抗反应的特异条带，分子量约１５７００，与预期大小一致，说明是Ｆｃ基因的表达产物  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

13.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

15.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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16.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the gland cisterns and teat cisterns. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone.  相似文献   

20.
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