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《中国稻米》2003,(5)
时值福建遭受60年一遇的大旱 ,尤溪出现连续30多天超过37℃的高温天气 ,水稻结实率和粒重大受影响 ,超级稻新组合“Ⅱ优航1号”作再生稻栽培仍达到百亩平均单产800kg/667m2以上的超高产水平。日前 ,中国农业科学院院长翟虎渠教授带领的专家验收小组 ,在福建尤溪县西城镇麻洋村进行了现场验收。经田间考察、脱粒、称重、丈量面积、测定稻谷杂质及含水率等 ,结果表明 ,“Ⅱ优航1号”6.74hm2(101.12亩 )示范片头季平均单产达815.4kg/667m2 ,最高单产达904.3kg/667m2。专家认为 ,“Ⅱ优航1号”在这种条件下仍获得超高产 ,表明了该组合比较耐高温… 相似文献
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后期功能型超级杂交稻的概念及生物学意义 总被引：69，自引：8，他引：69
在借鉴国际水稻研究所新株型育种经验基础上，我国于1996年开始实施中国超级稻育种计划，采取的技术路线是理想株型塑造与籼粳亚种间杂种优势利用相结合，至2005年的目标产量是在百亩（6.67 hm2）规模下单季稻达到12 t/hm2（800 kg/667 m2）。介绍了国外水稻超高产育种和国内超级稻育种的基本情况，着重介绍了由中国水稻研究所育成的超级杂交稻组合“协优9308”。该组合表现出高产与优良株型的完美结合，生育后期青秆黄熟，结实率高，籽粒饱满。2000年在浙江新昌验收百亩片平均产量达到11 837 kg/hm2，最高产田块产量达到12 282 kg/hm2。以“协优9308”为例，提出了“后期功能型”超级杂交稻的概念和生理特征，并对今后的超级杂交稻育种策略进行了讨论。 相似文献
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86优8号系江苏省农科院粮食作物研究所用自育三系粳型不育系863A与自选恢复系宁恢8号配组育成的三系杂交粳稻新组合 ,2000年4月通过江苏省审定。溧阳市2000年引进试种 ,连续3年种植表现为杂种优势强。该组合的主要特征特性、产量表现、高产栽培配套技术研究结果简述如下。一、产量表现86优8号2000年在溧阳市种植13.3hm2,平均单产610kg/667m2;2001年示范种植450hm2,平均单产615kg/667m2;2002年示范种植480hm2,平均单产606.2kg/667m2。溧阳市南渡镇百亩丰产示范方 ,平均实收单产680kg/667m2;上黄镇坡圩村百亩丰产示范方 ,平均实收单产696.5kg… 相似文献
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Ⅱ优139是由福建省农科院水稻研究所用Ⅱ-32A×福恢139选育而成的杂交稻新组合,2005年通过福建省品种审定。2005年在尤溪县溪尾乡埔宁村进行百亩连片烟后稻高产示范,经专家验收,全示范片加权平均干谷产量717.3kg/667m2。现将Ⅱ优139的特性及作烟后稻超高产栽培技术以及示范片的 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):415-432
Summary This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(2):189-198
AbstractGrain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike. 相似文献
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Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the
water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during
mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal
resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No
such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m−2 s−1 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop. 相似文献
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体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望. 相似文献
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Corné Kempenaar Thomas Been Johan Booij Frits van Evert Jean-Marie Michielsen Corné Kocks 《Potato Research》2017,60(3-4):295-305
Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed. 相似文献
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以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。 相似文献