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1.
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) genes of Djungarian, Chinese, and Syrian hamsters were cloned. The clones of IL-10 consisted of 537 bp nucleotides and 178 amino acids in full length, and the nucleotide and amino acid sequences exhibited a high degree of homology with those of the mouse and human. Since the number and position of signal sequences, N-glycosylations and cysteine sites in the IL-10 amino acid sequences of the hamsters were the same as those of the mouse, we suggest that the IL-10 molecular structures of the hamster are closer to that of the mouse than human.  相似文献   

2.
The Djungarian hamster and the Roborovskii hamster belong to the same genus of Phodopus. However, the Djungarian hamster is tame and shows sedative behavior, while Roborovskii hamster is not tame and shows high levels of locomotor activity. Hyperactivity occurs in animals with tameless behavior. Tameness or tamelessness behavior is very important because tameness helps for breeding and controlling as well as it enables a strong human‐animal bond. In the present study, we examined the relationships between activity levels and cognitive function in Djungarian and Roborovskii hamsters. Three types of behavioral tests were performed to analyze their activity levels, memory and leaning ability. The levels of L‐ and D‐amino acids and monoamines in the brain were then determined. Roborovskii hamsters showed significantly higher locomotor activity than Djungarian hamsters. Memory ability was not significantly different between the two hamsters, but Roborovskii hamsters showed lower learning ability. Brain levels of D‐serine which is related to enhancement in memory and learning ability, were significantly higher in Djungarian hamsters, but the reverse was true for brain dopamine and serotonin levels. These results suggest that these differences in brain metabolism may be related to the behavioral differences between the two hamsters.  相似文献   

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4.
Djungarian hamsters were examined for the susceptibility to Neospora caninum infection. After 29 Djungarian hamsters were intraperitoneally inoculated with 5 x 10(6) N. caninum tachyzoites of JPA1 strain, some animals showed symptoms such as ataxia, and many tissue cysts were detected in the brain and a cyst in the muscular tunics of stomach. Especially, more than 100 cysts per head were observed after 5 weeks post inoculation. It is suggested that the Djungarian hamster is a model useful to examine neosporosis.  相似文献   

5.
Equine interleukin-6 (IL-6) cDNA was amplified from mitogen-stimulated equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using consensus sequence primers. The 727bp amplified cDNA contains the entire coding region for equine IL-6 and includes 118 bases in the 3' non-translated region. The coding sequence translates to a protein of 208 amino acids with a predicted 28 amino acid leader sequence. The mature protein of 180 amino acids has a predicted molecular mass of 20471Da without post-translational modifications. The amino acid sequence of equine IL-6 displays between 46 and 84% similarity to other mammalian IL-6 sequences. Expression of equine IL-6 in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells yielded a supernatant that supported the proliferation of B9 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of B9 cells with an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody ablated the response to the recombinant equine IL-6.  相似文献   

6.
Although embryo cryobanking was applied to Syrian golden and to Campbell's hamsters, no attempt has been made at freezing embryos in Djungarian hamsters. Four‐cell stage embryos were flushed from the reproductive ducts of pregnant females before noon of the third‐day post coitum and frozen in 0.25‐ml straws according to standard procedures of slow cooling. A mixture of permeating (ethylene glycol) and non‐permeating (sucrose) cryoprotectants was used. The thawing was performed by incubating at RT for 40 s followed by 40 s in a water bath at 30.0°C. Most (66.7%) of the non‐frozen four‐cell embryos developed up to the morula stage in rat one‐cell embryo culture medium (R1ECM). The use of hamster embryo culture medium (HECM) yielded fewer morulas (18.2%) during the same 24‐h period of culture. The rate of embryo's surviving the freezing–thawing procedures, as estimated by light microscopy, was 60.7–68.8%. After 24‐h culturing in R1ECM, 64.7% of frozen–thawed four‐cell embryos developed and all of them reached the morula stage. Supplementation of R1ECM with GM‐CSF (2 ng/ml) improved the rate of Djungarian hamster frozen–thawed embryo development: 100% of the four‐cell stage embryos developed, 50% of them achieved the morula stage, and 50% developed even further and reached the blastocyst stage within 24 h of culturing. This study reports the world's first successful transfer of frozen–thawed Djungarian hamster embryos yielding term pups. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate the possibility of applying some key reproductive technologies, that is, embryo freezing/cryopreservation and in vitro culture, to Djungarian hamsters.  相似文献   

7.
The cloning and sequence analysis of Tibetan macaque IFN-(gamma) and the IL-6 cDNAs are described. The Tibetan macaque IFN-gamma and IL-6 cDNAs were found to be 498 and 639 bp in length, with open reading frames encoding 165 and 212 amino acids, respectively. Homology analyses indicated that the identity levels of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of IFN-gamma among primates ranged from 93.4 to 99.2%, and 87.3 to 99.4%, respectively, and that of IL-6 ranged from 92.6 to 99.8%, and 85.4 to 99.5%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on amino acid sequences showed that the Tibetan macaque is most closely related to Old World monkeys, as compared to Hominoidea and New World monkeys. These findings provide insights into the evolution of primate IFN-gamma and IL-6 and additional valuable information regarding amino acid residues essential for their biological activity.  相似文献   

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10.
In order to characterize the T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines of llama, we have cloned several llama cytokine genes and compared them to those of other mammalian species. The cDNAs encoding for interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)gamma, IL-12p35 and IL-12p40 were amplified using specific primers designed from reported sequences of bovine cytokine genes. The cDNAs for llama IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-12 p35 and IL-12p40 were found to be 465, 501, 669 or 993 bp in length, with open reading frames encoding 154, 166, 222 or 330 amino acids, respectively. Homology analyses of nucleotide and deduced amino sequences of llama IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-12p35 and IL-12p40 and phylogenetic analysis based on their nucleotide sequences indicated the close relationship in these cytokine genes between llama and eutherian mammalian order Artiodactyla, which includes pig and cattle.  相似文献   

11.
根据从GenBank上查到的PMV-2型Yucaipa株F基因序列——D13977序列，设计特异性引物，从禽副粘病毒2型Yueaipa标准株成功地克隆了F基因全编码序列。所测的核苷酸序列大小为1654bp，编码一个含536个氨基酸残基的多肽(未加工前)，分子量约为55．75kDa。裂解位点在F基因的第98和第99个氨基酸残基之间，F2蛋白羧基端裂解位点区的氨基酸残基序列为Lys-Pro-Ala-Ser-Arg。F基因序列同源性比较结果表明本研究所测的序列是PMV-2型F基因序列，并进一步证实了副粘病毒2型与分离自猴的Murayama病毒在系统进化上有非常紧密的关系。  相似文献   

12.
用多房棘球绦虫(Echinococcus multilocularis,Em)原头蚴继发感染一线仓鼠(坎培尔仓鼠Dwarf Campbells RussianHamster)、冬白仓鼠(倭仓鼠Phodopus sungoris sungoris)、金丝熊仓鼠(黄金鼠Mesocricetus auratus)、松鼠(Sciurusvulgaris)4种宠物鼠各4只。接种70 d后剖解各种宠物鼠1只,一线仓鼠、金丝熊仓鼠、松鼠未发现包囊泡,冬白仓鼠分离出包囊泡4.37 g,占体重的7.23%;接种95 d后4种宠物鼠的平均湿包囊泡重和包囊泡重占体重的百分比分别为:冬白仓鼠13.05g和33.03%,金丝熊仓鼠2.22 g和1.98%,松鼠2.28 g和3.54%,冬白仓鼠、金丝熊仓鼠和松鼠都出现成熟原头蚴,一线仓鼠未发现包囊泡。试验证明冬白仓鼠、金丝熊仓鼠和松鼠对多房棘球绦虫原头蚴较敏感,可以作为Em的中间宿主。  相似文献   

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14.
The complementary DNAs of the Th1 (IL-2, IL-12p35, and IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) cytokine genes of the bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) were cloned, sequenced, and analyzed. IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p35, IL-13, and IFN-gamma were found to have 465, 402, 537, 669, 411, and 501 bp length open reading frames with 154, 133, 178, 222, 136, and 166 amino acid encodings, respectively. The homology ranged from 58.8% to 100% between the nucleotide sequences of the camel cytokine genes and the published sequences of other mammalian genes, including the llama, pig, cow, horse, human, and mouse. The cDNA had highest homology with orders Artiodactyla (pigs and cattle) and Perissodactyla (horses), especially to the recently cloned llama sequences.  相似文献   

15.
As the comparative study was carried out on the susceptibility by the pursuit of parasitemia among the Djungarian, Syrian, and Chinese hamsters as well as BALB/c mice infected with the Syrian hamster-adapted Babesia microti strain, and Djungarian hamsters showed the highest parasitemia among them. Then, the other hematological parameters were pursued in the Djungarian hamsters infected with the hamster-adapted B. microti strain. Remarkable symptoms observed were hemoglobinuria clinically, anemia hematologically, and splenomegaly macroscopically during all over the observation period for 24 weeks post infection (PI). Parasitemia began to rise at 2 weeks and peaked at 4 weeks PI. After that, parasitemia decreased gradually but was maintained with a level of about 10% on average until 24 weeks PI at the end of the experiment. A decrease in the RBC count, Hb, and PCV, and an increase in the reticulocyte and WBC counts due to the development of immature neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes were recognized together with a rise of parasitemia. The hamsters had macrocytic hypochromic anemia due to the increase of MCV and the decrease of MCHC in the growth phase of the parasite. It was considered that the Djungarian hamsters will be useful for the infection examination, isolation, maintenance, and passage of B. microti in laboratory.  相似文献   

16.
The M gene nucleotide sequence of an Indian peste-des-petits ruminants (PPRV) vaccine virus ("PPRV Sungri/96") belonging to Asian lineage was determined. The gene is 1476 nucleotides long with a single open reading frame (ORF). The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence was compared with the homologous region of the African Lineage Vaccine virus "PPRV/Nigeria/75/1". The nucleotide sequence of the "PPRV Sungri/96" was 86% identical to that of "PPRV/Nigeria/75/1", while a homology of 93% and 95% could be observed in the ORF and amino acids level, respectively. The M gene encodes a protein of 335 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 37.8 kDa. The ORF is flanked by a 3' untranslated region of 436 nucleotides and a high level of sequence divergence (approximately 30%) could be observed in this region between the vaccine viruses of Asian and African lineages. A high degree of conservation of several amino acids of this protein observed previously was also confirmed in this study.  相似文献   

17.
In the present study, full length of feline bax, bcl-2, bcl-xL and caspase 3 genes were sequenced and the expression of these mRNAs were also investigated in FIV-infected lymphocytes. The full length cDNA sequence of bax (646 bp), bcl-2 (1423 bp), bcl-xL (1163 bp) and caspase 3 genes (1208 bp) contained a single open reading frame of 579 bp coding 193 amino acids, 708 bp coding 236 amino acids, 702 bp coding 234 amino acids and 834 bp coding 278 amino acids, respectively. Number of apoptotic Kumi-1 cells gradually increased after FIV infection and approximately 70% were apoptotic and 30% were viable in the cells infected with FIV after 8-day incubation, though approximately 80% were non-apoptotic and 20% were dead in non-infected cells. The expression of bcl-2 mRNA in lymphocytes of established cell line was increased by FIV. The amounts of mRNAs of bax, caspase 3 and bcl-xL in FIV-infected cells were not different from those in uninfected control cells.  相似文献   

18.
A malignant basal cell tumor was found in the skin of the abdomen of a female Djungarian hamster of unknown age and weighing 40 g. Histologically, the tumor mass was composed of cells resembling the basal cells of the epidermis, and these cells exhibited solid type proliferation. In the tumor tissue and necrotic foci, horn cysts were observed. Immunohistochemically, cytokeratin was present in the tumor cells and horncysts. By electron microscopic examination, the tumor cells had scanty cell organelles and a few desmozomes. This paper describes a rare malignant basal cell tumor in a Djungarian hamster.  相似文献   

19.
Hemagglutinin (H) gene of two CDV isolates, the Haku93 and Haku00 strains, from masked palm civets was molecularly analyzed. H genes of both two CDVs contained one open reading frame encoding 607 amino acids. Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of H gene of the CDV Haku93 and Haku00 revealed high similarity to those of recent field isolates such as the Yanaka and Tanu96, while they showed limited identity to those of old vaccine strains. Potential N-linked glycosylation sites in both Haku93 and Haku00 were identical to other recent CDV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the CDV strains derived from masked palm civets were classified into the group of recent Japanese CDV isolates.  相似文献   

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