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传统发动机轴及轴承用非定常流体设计,对于边界摩擦只有经验实验结论而无定性分析.为此,通过用弹性流体动压润滑的理论,对发动机轴及轴承的工作状况进行了定量分析,建立了发动机弹性流体润滑的计算模型与基本方程组.应用"D-H"公式,简化处理发动机轴及轴承的接触形式,同时给出了发动机轴及轴承全弹性流体设计的应用公式,为工程设计提供了实用可靠的方法. 相似文献
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搅拌罐内纸浆悬浮液内部流动数值模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对搅拌罐内纸浆悬浮液的两相流场进行研究,分析搅拌罐内液相流场的流动规律.应用计算流体动力学软件Fluent对搅拌罐内纸浆悬浮液的混合进行数值模拟,采用非结构化四面体网格,利用多重参考系法,选用标准k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLE算法,分别模拟了搅拌器5种不同安装高度下的搅拌流场,并分析了搅拌器的速度流线分布、搅拌器叶片表面的压力分布规律、搅拌罐内固体体积分数的分布和搅拌功率.模拟结果表明：搅拌器形成一个较大的搅拌流场,主体循环较好,由固体体积分数分布图和漩涡所在平面固体体积的分布规律明确了倒锥体区域和漩涡区的位置.由搅拌器的功率系数对搅拌器的性能进行判定,根据此判定依据可知,所设计的搅拌器性能优良,研究结果对搅拌器的优化设计具有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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搅拌罐内纸浆悬浮液内部流动数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对搅拌罐内纸浆悬浮液的两相流场进行研究,分析搅拌罐内液相流场的流动规律.应用计算流体动力学软件Fluent对搅拌罐内纸浆悬浮液的混合进行数值模拟,采用非结构化四面体网格,利用多重参考系法,选用标准k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLE算法,分别模拟了搅拌器5种不同安装高度下的搅拌流场,并分析了搅拌器的速度流线分布、搅拌器叶片表面的压力分布规律、搅拌罐内固体体积分数的分布和搅拌功率.模拟结果表明：搅拌器形成一个较大的搅拌流场,主体循环较好,由固体体积分数分布图和漩涡所在平面固体体积的分布规律明确了倒锥体区域和漩涡区的位置.由搅拌器的功率系数对搅拌器的性能进行判定,根据此判定依据可知,所设计的搅拌器性能优良,研究结果对搅拌器的优化设计具有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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任璞赵章行 《农业装备与车辆工程》2023,(1):122-125
作为内燃机的关键部件,活塞-缸套间的润滑性能可以有效改善整机的动力性和经济型。从流体润滑基本理论出发,通过流场特性分析,结合雷诺方程和膜厚方程,比较了相同深度的圆形凹坑织构和三角形凹坑织构对内燃机活塞-缸套摩擦副之间的润滑减摩性能的影响。结果表明：圆形凹坑微织构较三角形微织构可以产生更明显的动压减摩效应,而三角形凹坑微织构对润滑油膜内产生的空化效应更明显。进一步对比圆形织构和三角形织构的承载力和摩擦系数发现：三角形织构形成的承载能力整体小于圆形凹坑微织构下的承载能力,在前半个周期约为圆形织构的68%,在后半个周期内约为圆形织构的82%;相同工况下,圆形织构的摩擦系数约为三角形微合织构的30%～50%,在上下止点处两者的摩擦系数接近。 相似文献
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轴承是旋耕机传动系统中的重要部件,其接触特性对于旋耕机轴承的承载能力、传动精度、可靠性等具有显著影响。为此,基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA显示动力学分析方法对SKF-4201ATN9型旋耕机双列深沟球轴承的应力、位移、速度等接触特性进行分析,并研究不同转速及载荷对轴承接触性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:滚动体速度、应力呈波峰波谷形式变化,最大应力出现在滚动体与内、外圈接触时;随着单元与内、外圈接触点之间的距离增大,应力大小显著减小;内圈转速对轴承位移、速度、应力变化频率影响明显,对应力值影响轻微;随着径向载荷增大,滚动体应力增大,仿真分析结果与理论结果基本吻合,为后续旋耕机双列深沟球轴承接触及动态特性分析提供了一定的参考。 相似文献
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为提高微机电系统中微混合器的混合效率,基于混沌对流原理,研究了一种流道内布置周期性阻块和挡板结构的被动式微混合器.首先,采用田口分析方法,研究了流道结构参数对流体混合的强化效果,得到微混合器的最优结构参数组合;然后,与现有试验和模拟结果进行对照,验证了数值模拟方法的可靠性;最后,通过CFX数值模拟软件对其内部流场及混合特性进行研究分析.结果表明,倾斜挡板和圆柱形阻块的周期性设置,使微混合器中心处Y方向的速度分量uy沿X轴作周期性变化,提高了混沌对流强度;当雷诺数超过20时,微流道内产生了一系列复杂的涡结构,大大增加了2种混合流体的接触面积,促使2种流体实现完全混合. 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献