共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
喹乙醇的毒副作用及临床应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
喹乙醇系喹恶啉二氮氧化物类药物，又名奥喹多司、喹酰胺醇、快育灵，是目前普遍应用的畜禽抗菌生长促进剂。喹乙醇本身的毒副作用较低，但大剂量使用或拌料不均都可引起中毒，这是近年来大量报道的畜禽喹乙醇中毒的主要原因。1 喹乙醇的毒副作用1.1亚慢性毒性喹乙醇对动物有中等程度的蓄积作用，表现为体重下降、精神疲顿、无力、毛色无光泽等临床症状，其病理变化以肝、肾比较严重，对心、肺的作用较轻或无病变。将喹乙醇混于大鼠标准饲料中，按不同剂量分组连续饲喂90d，结果表明喹乙醇的主要毒性靶器官为肝、肾，可造成肝、肾实质性病变… 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
喹乙醇又名喹酰胺醇、快育诺（灵）、倍育诺,化学名N-（2-羟乙基）-3-甲基-喹恶啉酰胺-1,4-二氧化物,对大多数革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌都有抑制作用,对巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏杆菌、变形杆菌较敏感,治疗禽巴氏杆菌病有特效。喹乙醇还有促进畜禽生长的作用。由于喹乙醇毒性较大,鸡对之特别敏感,生产中常因用药不当引起中毒,造成大批鸡只死亡。一、中霉原因1．饲养人员缺乏药理知识,盲目加大喹乙醇用量和延长用药时间,造成鸡急性中毒或慢性蓄积中毒。有些养鸡户,特别是小规模的初养户,在防治某些细菌性疾病时,错误地认为… 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
喹乙醇的安全性毒理学评价与合理应用 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
谢麟 《兽药与饲料添加剂》1999,4(2):25-27
喹乙醇（Olaquindox）是国家批准使用的、价廉、有很好抗菌促生长作用的饲料添加剂,用于4月龄以内的猪,家禽不宜使用;鱼和其它动物要慎用。喹乙醇及其复方制剂（含喹乙醇中草药复方制剂）用于临床治疗应注意剂量、疗程和屠宰／上市前体药期的控制。要重视喹乙醇的蓄积毒性作用及其残留肉食中对人体健康的危害。有关喹乙醇的致突变性问题仍须深入研究。 相似文献
10.
一阶导数紫外分光光度法测定复方禽菌灵中喹乙醇 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
一阶导数紫外分光光度法测定复方禽菌灵中喹乙醇何绮霞（广东省兽药监察所）复方＂禽菌灵＂是由喹乙醇与穿心莲等七味中药配制而成。由于喹乙醇的毒性较大，所以应严格控制其使用量。按《中国兽药典》收载的方法测定，受中药成分的干扰，回收率在１３０％以上，且测得的结... 相似文献
11.
本文报道了喹乙醇多剂量给药时对ＡＡ鸡的生化毒性和病理学研究。４２只ＡＡ鸡随机分成７组,按喹乙醇５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ饲料连续饲喂７ｄ,测定生化指标并作病理学检查。结果表明,血浆醛固酮显著下降、血清Ｎａ＋下降而血清Ｋ＋显著上升、Ｎａ＋／Ｋ＋比显著下降、肝微粒体蛋白含量呈起伏变化、细胞色素Ｐ－４５０含量减少、血浆肌酐和血清尿酸均显著上升（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）,肝、肾和肾上腺组织结构均受损害。本研究证实,中毒剂量的喹乙醇对鸡的肾上腺皮质功能、肝微粒体酶系统及肾功能均产生抑制性损害。病理学变化与生化指标的变化相一致。 相似文献
12.
综述了卡巴氧、喹乙醇、乙酰甲喹、喹烯酮、喹赛多等兽用喹噁啉类药物遗传毒性的研究进展,为此类药物在临床上的合理应用及毒性机制的深入研究提供参考.而此类药物主要代谢物的遗传毒性检测、代谢过程中自由基的产生、DNA修复酶活性变化、线粒体损伤程度等方面的研究,将有助于全面深入地揭示该类化合物的遗传毒性. 相似文献
13.
为探讨喹乙醇急性中毒雏鸡血液生化指标的变化情况,。将200只5日龄伊莎公鸡雏随机分为2组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+150mg/kg喹乙醇。在染毒后5、10、15d,对相关血液生化指标进行检测。结果表明,喹乙醇中毒时,在各时间点,试验组血清K+含量均高于对照组,在15d差异显著(P<0.05);试验组血清中Ca2+、PO43-、Na+含量均低于对照组,在15d差异均显著(P<0.05);试验组血清ALB、TP含量均低于对照组,ALB在15d差异显著(P<0.05),TP在10d和15d差异显著(P<0.05);试验组血清ALP、GOT、GPT活性高于对照组,GOT、GPT在15d差异显著(P<0.05)。结果显示喹乙醇中毒能够引起雏鸡相关血液生化指标的改变,喹乙醇有一定的蓄积毒性。 相似文献
14.
15.
建立兽药中非法添加喹乙醇、乙酰甲喹的通用检查方法。以十八烷基键合硅胶为填充剂,0.01 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,波长扫描范围为200~400 nm,柱温30℃,采用峰纯度检查和光谱相似度检查辅助对照品比对方法,对非法添加药物进行确证。结果显示,喹乙醇、乙酰甲喹与其他物质峰分离良好;喹乙醇和乙酰甲喹在12种兽药中的平均回收率分别为96.6%~101.4%和98.0%~101.3%,RSD均小于1.4%;喹乙醇和乙酰甲喹的检测限均为1.0 g/kg(L)。该检查方法简便、准确、可靠,可用于检查兽药中非法添加的喹乙醇和乙酰甲喹。 相似文献
16.
17.
To study the effects of olaquindox and cyadox on aldosterone, sodium and potassium in the blood in comparison with the effects of carbadox, weaned pigs were fed these compounds in different doses. Pigs treated with 100 and 200 ppm carbadox showed a significant decline of aldosterone after five and three weeks, respectively, compared with control values. In the 200 ppm group treatment was interrupted at week 4. With olaquindox a continuous, significant decline was found from 50 ppm and above after five weeks, and from 25 ppm and above (but excluding the 100 ppm group), after six weeks. In the cyadox groups a significant decline was measured after six weeks in the 50, 200 and 400 ppm groups. Only the 200 ppm group had an earlier response at three and five weeks. A decrease of sodium to hyponatraemic levels in the carbadox groups was seen after three weeks in the 200, and after five weeks in the 100 ppm group. In the olaquindox groups only the 200 ppm dosage showed a consistent decrease to hyponatraemic levels from four weeks treatment. In the cyadox groups the 200 ppm dosage reached a hyponatraemic level after six weeks. An increase of potassium to hyperkalaemic levels occurred at 100 and 200 ppm carbadox dosage after four and three weeks, respectively, and at 200 ppm olaquindox dosage after four weeks. No hyperkalaemic levels were seen in the cyadox groups. It is concluded that the toxic effect of olaquindox, despite minor differences, is comparable with that of carbadox but that cyadox is less toxic. 相似文献
18.
A 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to determine the effects of olaquindox and cyadox on the intestinal mucosal immune response and on fecal shedding of Escherichia coli in Landrace x Large White barrows that had been orally given 10(10) cfu of E. coli (O139:K88). Factors included 1) E. coli inoculation or no inoculation, and 2) no antimicrobial, 100 mg of olaquindox/kg, and 100 mg of cyadox/kg in the basal diet, respectively. The effects of cyadox and olaquindox were assessed in terms of fecal shedding of E. coli, the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), immunoglobulin A-positive cells (APC) in the intestinal lamina propria, and ADG. There was no difference in the fecal shedding of total E. coli or the inoculated E. coli between olaquindox-supplemented pigs and cyadox-supplemented pigs during the experiment. However, fecal shedding of the inoculated E. coli in olaquindox- or cyadox-supplemented pigs was less (P < 0.05) than that in nonsupplemented pigs. Escherichia coli inoculation increased IEL and APC in the jejunum and ileum, but olaquindox or cyadox decreased IEL and APC (P < 0.05). Jejunal APC in cyadox-supplemented pigs was less (P < 0.05) than that in olaquindox-supplemented pigs. Escherichia coli inoculation reduced (P < 0.05) ADG, whereas the supplementations improved ADG (P < 0.01) during the experiment. Average daily gain in cyadox-supplemented pigs was greater (P < 0.05) than that in olaquindox-supplemented pigs. The data indicated that olaquindox and cyadox reduced the number of intestinal E. coli and suppressed E. coli-induced immune activation, which might be responsible for the enhanced growth that was observed. 相似文献
19.
高效液相色谱法测定饲料中喹乙醇含量 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
通过实验比较,认为用高效液相色谱法测定饲料中喹乙醇含量在370 nm波长下较在260 nm波长下测定方法分离度更高、回收率更好. 相似文献