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1.
试验测定了淫羊藿炮制前后总黄酮的含量变化.采用乙醇回流提取从淫羊藿中提取总黄酮,以淫羊藿苷为标准品配置标准曲线溶液,并绘制标准曲线.采用分光光度法测定样品的吸光度,根据标准曲线计算总黄酮含量.淫羊藿苷浓度在2.5～22.5 μg/ml范围内吸光度与浓度呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为A=0.029839C＋0.0064,R=0.9994.鲜品淫羊藿总黄酮含量为12.48％,购买淫羊藿炮制品总黄酮含量为7.09％,新工艺炮制品总黄酮含量为9.00％,传统药典法炮制品总黄酮含量为8.65％.鲜品淫羊藿总黄酮含量最高,说明淫羊藿在炮制后总黄酮损失了一部分;新工艺炮制品的总黄酮含量比传统方法炮制的淫羊藿总黄酮含量略高;市售淫羊藿总黄酮含量达到药典标准. 相似文献
2.
为探讨内转录间隔区2(ITS2)序列及其二级结构在15种淫羊藿属(Epimedium)中的鉴定效率。利用试剂盒提取叶片总DNA,对ITS2序列进行PCR扩展与测序,计算K2P遗传距离,构建系统发育树,预测其二级结构。结果表明,ITS2序列在15种淫羊藿属植物中的通用性好,扩增成功率与测序成功率均为100%。从K2P种间和种内遗传距离看,ITS2在淫羊藿属中的种间变异较小,部分种类种内遗传距离大于种间遗传距离,鉴定成功率约为60%。采用比对法(Blast)分析,ITS2鉴定效率为75%。由ITS2系统进化树可知,淫羊藿属与鬼臼属各为一支,易于分开。除薄叶淫羊藿、竹山淫羊藿、巫山淫羊藿外,其余种类均能较好的进行聚类;除粗毛淫羊藿、保靖淫羊藿外其余均不能与NCBI下载到的序列进行较好聚类。研究表明,15种淫羊藿属植物ITS2序列在ML系统进化树中具较好的鉴别能力,但淫羊藿属各样本种内与种间遗传较为混乱,遗传距离复杂,ITS2二级结构形态结构亦较为相似,将各种间进行区分存在一定难度,不适合单独作为该属条形码使用。 相似文献
3.
以淫羊藿为主要原料,辅以蜂蜜,通过高压方法提取淫羊藿中的有效成分。以感官评分作为评定标准,通过单因素试验和正交试验,最终确定淫羊藿蜂蜜保健饮料的最优配方为每10 mL淫羊藿提取液中加入蜂蜜0.15 g,白砂糖0.15 g,柠檬酸0.08 g。所得产品酸甜适度、口感柔和,略有淫羊藿和蜂蜜特有的香气,澄清透明,无肉眼可见的细小颗粒。 相似文献
4.
通过资源调查,分类学研究,发现贵州有淫羊藿种质资源18种.其中,巫山淫羊藿(E.wushanense)、箭叶淫羊藿(E.sagittatum)为国家药典种;粗毛淫羊藿(E.acuminutum)、天平山淫羊藿(E.myrianthum)、毡毛淫羊藿(E.coactum)、黔岭淫羊藿(E.leptorrhizum)为贵州省地方标准种;黔北淫羊藿(E.borealiguizhouense)、短茎淫羊藿(E.brachyrrhizum)、毡毛淫羊藿(E.coactum)、德务淫羊藿(E.dewuense)、小叶淫羊藿(E.elachyphyllum)、水城淫羊藿(E.shuichengense)、单叶淫羊藿(E.simplicifolium)、普定淫羊藿(E.pudingense)、贵州淫羊藿(Epimedium sagittatum var.guizhouense)为贵州特有种质资源. 相似文献
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报道贵州省小檗科淫羊藿属特有植物(或已知仅贵州分布植物)10种1变种,分别为黔北淫羊藿(E.borealiguizhouenseS.Z.He & Y.K.Yang)、短茎淫羊藿(E.brachyrrhizum Steam)、德务淫羊藿(E dewuense S.Z.He,Probst & W.F.xu)、普定淫羊藿(E.pudingense S.Z.He,Y.Y.Wang & B.L.Guo)、多花淫羊藿(E.multiflorum T.S.Ying)、剑河淫羊藿(E.myrianthum Steam var.jianheense S.Z.He & B.L.Guo)、小叶淫羊藿(E.parvifolium S.Z.He & T.L.Zhang)、拟巫山淫羊藿(E.pseudowushanense B.L.Guo)、贵州淫羊藿[E.sagittatum (Siebold & Zuccarini)Maximowicz var.guizhouense S.Z.He & B.L.Guo]、水城淫羊藿(E.shuichengense S.Z.He)和单叶淫羊藿(E.simplicifolium T.S.Ying);易危植物2种,分别为小叶淫羊藿和单叶淫羊藿,被《中国物种红色名录》收录.描述了贵州淫羊藿属特有植物和珍稀植物的药用和保护价值及其分布产地.对淫羊藿属存在的问题进行总结分析,并提供贵州省小檗科淫羊藿属植物新名录和以贵州标本命名的淫羊藿属新物种名录. 相似文献
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淫羊藿属植物多数种类在形态分类性状上存在连续过渡的形态变异现象,导致种间的鉴别困难.本研究对粗毛淫羊藿、巫山淫羊藿、天平淫羊藿,3个物种合计29个居群之间的种间杂交F1代植株及其亲本形态学进行了比较研究.结果表明:AC×MY、AC×WU、WU×MY 3种组合杂交F1代的叶片形状表现为双亲过渡形态,控制淫羊藿花瓣距短于内萼片的基因可能是部分显性,E.acuminatum的花瓣和内萼片颜色属于显性遗传.所得结果为淫羊藿属植物分类学、种间系统关系及其起源与进化研究提供了新的资料和线索. 相似文献
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对原产贵州、四川的15个种、38个居群淫羊藿属植物进行种内杂交、自交结实率统计分析研究.结果显示,该属所有的种类自交结实率普遍较低,最低为0％,最高为22.2％,与种内杂交结实率存在着明显的差异.说明大多数淫羊藿种内自交不亲和,是异花授粉植物,有性繁殖方式可能以风媒授粉为主. 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献