共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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本文综述了体外法评定反刍动物饲料营养价值的研究进展,主要有两步法,体外产气法,瘤胃持续模拟法,近红外反射光谱技术,酶解法和溶解度法。并比较了各种评价方法的优缺点。 相似文献
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从饲草料营养价值评定方法应用的角度,阐述了常规方法、半体内法(尼龙袋法)、体外产气法在高寒草地天然牧草营养评定上的应用,系统综述了近年来青藏高原高寒草地天然牧草营养价值的评定进展,提出今后青藏高寒草地天然牧草营养价值评定的研究方向。 相似文献
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从饲草料营养价值评定方法应用的角度,阐述了常规方法、半体内法(尼龙袋法)、体外产气法在高寒草地天然牧草营养评定上的应用,系统综述了近年来青藏高原高寒草地天然牧草营养价值的评定进展,提出今后青藏高寒草地天然牧草营养价值评定的研究方向. 相似文献
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奶牛饲料体外产气评定预测模型及其改进 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
奶牛的生产性能很大程度上受制于饲料的营养价值。饲料营养价值评定需要测定其化学成分及消化特性，包括体内法（in vivo）、半体内法（in sire）和体外法（in vitro）。由于采用体内产气法可以测定发酵产物，考虑了饲料可溶但不发酵的部分，避免了消化道流量、指示剂、微生物指示剂和动物个体差异而导致的误差，同时具有估测动态发酵的优势，以其省时，省力，费用较低，成为评价反刍动物饲料营养价值的常用方法。饲料营养成分对体外评定法中体外消化率（IVTD）、产气量及挥发性脂肪酸产量的估测存在一定影响。 相似文献
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瘤胃尼龙袋法和体外产气法评定反刍动物饲料的营养价值的比较 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
试验通过评定菜籽粕、玉米、米糠、苜蓿、玉米青贮和玉米秸秆的营养价值来比较瘤胃尼龙袋法和体外产气实验。结果表明:各种饲料的干物质有效降解率分别为52.90%、54.27%、65.70%、40.76%、37.24%和38.17%,精饲料干物质有效降解率(EDMD)中,a部分占比例较高(其中米糠达到64.51%);每克饲料DM的渐进产气量(A)分别为105.00、180.51、109.30、172.71、147.76和148.66 mL,粗饲料的产气量普遍高于精饲料;两种方法中,产气参数A、B与EDMD均呈负相关(r=-0.55和r=-0.61)。从速率曲线来看,降解速率曲线主要反映了b部分的降解情况,而饲料产气的速率曲线却能明显反映出两相的发酵情况。 相似文献
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Hindle VA Vuuren van AM Klop A Mathijssen-Kamman AA van Gelder AH Cone JW 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2005,89(3-6):158-165
Prediction of the supply of glycogenic precursors to dairy cows and the site of degradation of wheat, maize and potato starch (PS) were determined in an in vivo experiment and the results were compared with data obtained from experiments involving in situ nylon bag and in vitro gas production techniques. In a Latin square design experiment four lactating dairy cows fitted with a rumen cannula and T-piece cannulae in the duodenum and terminal ileum, received either a low-starch control diet or diets in which sugar beet pulp in the concentrate mixture had been replaced by wheat, maize or PS. Starch from the different sources was almost completely degraded in the total gastrointestinal tract. For all starches, the rumen was the main site of degradation in vivo. No digestion of PS in the small intestine was observed. In situ results suggested that 14% of wheat starch (WS), 47% of maize starch and 34% of PS escaped rumen fermentation. According to the gas production technique WS ferments quickest and potato slowest. PS had a low degradability during the first 8 (gas production) to 11 (in situ) h. However, according to both in vitro and in vivo measurements rumen degradability of PS was high. The results suggest that in situ and in vitro techniques should be performed in animals that have adapted to starch source to provide a more accurate simulation of the in vivo situation. 相似文献
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本文旨在利用体外产气法评定西藏地区不同牧草营养价值。选取西藏地区5种常见牧草,通过单因素试验设计,利用体外产气法评定5种牧草体外发酵48 h累积产气量、理论最大产气量(V_f)、初始产气速率(FRD_0)、达到最大产气量一半时所需时间(t_(0.5))、体外干物质消失率(IVDMD)、体外中性洗涤纤维消失率(IVNDFD)、p H、氨态氮(NH_3-N)浓度以及挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)产量。结果表明,体外发酵48 h后,苇状羊茅体外48 h累积产气量、V_f、FRD_0、IVDMD及甲烷(CH_4)、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和总VFA产量均显著高于其他4种牧草(P0.05),但其体外发酵p H及乙酸/丙酸显著低于其他4种牧草(P0.05);紫花苜蓿体外NH_3-N浓度最高,显著高于其他4种牧草(P0.05)。综上分析,苇状羊茅体外发酵效果最佳,与其他试验牧草相比,更容易被瘤胃微生物降解利用。 相似文献
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Tang SX Tayo GO Tan ZL Sun ZH Shen LX Zhou CS Xiao WJ Ren GP Han XF Shen SB 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(5):1164-1172
The effects of yeast culture and fibrolytic enzyme preparation (containing cellulase and xylanase) on in vitro fermentation characteristics of rice straw, wheat straw, maize stover, and maize stover silage were examined using an in vitro gas production technique. Four levels of yeast culture and fibrolytic enzyme supplements (0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 g/kg of straw DM, respectively) were tested in a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement. Supplementation of yeast culture increased the cumulative gas production, theoretical maximum of gas production, rate of gas production, IVDMD, and in vitro OM disappearance (IVOMD), and decreased the lag time for each type of straw. Fibrolytic enzyme supplementation tended to increase cumulative gas production, theoretical maximum of gas production, and rate of gas production; prolonged lag time of gas production; and enhanced IVDMD and IVOMD for 4 types of cereal straws, with the significance of this effect being dependent on the level of supplemented enzymes. There were significant interactions between fibrolytic enzymes and yeast on all in vitro gas production parameters, IVDMD, and IVOMD of each type of straw. The outcome of this research indicated that the application of fibrolytic enzyme preparation and yeast culture could improve in vitro gas production fermentation of cereal straws. 相似文献
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本试验旨在利用体外产气法评定西藏地区不同作物秸秆的营养价值。选取西藏地区5种常见作物秸秆(豌豆秸秆、玉米秸秆、青稞秸秆、小麦秸秆、油菜秸秆),通过单因素试验设计,利用体外产气法评定5种作物秸秆体外发酵48 h的产气量、理论最大产气量(Vf)、甲烷(CH4)产量、逻辑斯谛-指数(LE)模型产气参数、发酵液p H和氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度、主要挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)产量、体外干物质降解率(IVDMD)和体外中性洗涤纤维降解率(IVNDFD)等指标。结果显示:5种作物秸秆体外发酵48 h的产气量按玉米秸秆、青稞秸秆、豌豆秸秆、小麦秸秆、油菜秸秆的顺序依次降低。体外发酵48 h后,玉米秸秆的Vf、IVDMD、IVNDFD、CH4产量(豌豆秸秆除外)、丙酸和总VFA产量均显著高于其他4种作物秸秆(P0.05),其体外发酵液p H则显著低于其他秸秆(P0.05)。结果表明,玉米秸秆体外发酵效果最佳,与其他试验作物秸秆相比更容易被瘤胃微生物降解利用。 相似文献
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采用体外瘤胃发酵试验结合动态产气实时记录技术,分析了添加植酸酶对瘤胃微生物降解和利用糠麸饲料的功效。试验采集3头健康泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃液,以稻糠、玉米麸和麦麸为底物,测定对照组和加酶组(5 U/g植酸酶)发酵72 h的累积产气量、发酵动力学参数和和瘤胃发酵特性指标。结果表明,添加5 U/g植酸酶并不能显著影响稻糠、玉米麸和麦麸的体外干物质消化率、培养液中氨态氮浓度以及发酵的产气量(72 h累积产气量和理论最大产气量)(P>0.050 0),但却能显著降低发酵的产气速率及达到最大产气量1/2时的产气速率(P<0.050 0),显著提高培养液总挥发性脂肪酸浓度(P<0.050 0),总挥发性脂肪酸浓度增幅由高至低依次为麦麸(4.2%)、稻糠(3.3%)和玉米麸(1.7%),除可显著提高异丁酸含量(P<0.050 0)外,对乙酸、丙酸、丁酸等主要挥发性脂肪酸的含量的影响不显著(P>0.050 0)。总之,稻糠、玉米麸和麦麸间体外瘤胃发酵特性存在差异,添加植酸酶可在一定程度上促进瘤胃微生物发酵释放出更多的挥发性脂肪酸,提高瘤胃微生物对饲料中能量物质的发酵利用效率。 相似文献