共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
不同季节红叶桃、紫叶李的光合特性研究 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：11
以绿叶桃和绿叶李品种为对照, 研究了田间条件下不同季节红叶桃、紫叶李的光合特性。结果表明: (1) 红叶桃、紫叶李的净光合速率( Pn) 在春、夏季低于绿叶品种, 而秋季较为接近, 彩叶品种与绿叶品种间的差异随季节进程不断减小; ( 2) 红叶桃、紫叶李的表观量子效率(AQY) 和羧化效率(CE) 在春、夏季均显著低于对应的绿叶品种, 秋季时红叶桃和紫叶李的表观量子效率高于绿叶品种, 羧化效率与绿叶品种接近; (3) 红叶桃、紫叶李的光补偿点(LCP) 在春季和夏季显著高于绿叶品种, 秋季时则显著低于绿叶品种, 光饱和点(LSP) 始终高于或接近于绿叶品种; (4) 红叶桃、紫叶李的光合色素含量与绿叶品种差异较小, 但其花色素苷含量始终比绿叶品种高许多; (5) 红叶桃、紫叶李光呼吸(Rp)均低于绿叶桃和绿叶李。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
Athanasios Koukounaras Anastasios S. Siomos Dimitrios Gerasopoulos Katerina Karamanoli 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2016,91(5):491-496
This study evaluated the importance of three factors (genotype, ultraviolet [UV] radiation and harvest time) and their interaction on phenolics, tannins, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of ‘Paris Island’ (romaine type) and ‘Sanguine’ (red leaf type) lettuce plants as well as on the severity of browning of their fresh-cut product. Ten genotypes had significant effect on secondary metabolite accumulation and higher levels were found in ‘Sanguine’, while no interaction effect was found among all the studied factors. Therefore, a new analysis of variance was performed for each genotype separately. The results showed that in ‘Paris Island’ the time of harvest had a significant effect on all measured parameters with higher levels for plants from the night harvest, while UV radiation had little effect on the plants’ biochemistry. On the contrary, in ‘Sanguine’, UV radiation significantly affected the concentration of secondary metabolites and antioxidant capacity, with higher levels for plants grown under UV-open film. Browning evaluation of fresh-cut product derived from the above plants showed that factors affecting secondary metabolite concentration in whole plants at harvest did not have a similar effect. The findings indicate that there are appropriate treatments, for each genotype, that could achieve high production of secondary metabolites and improve their antioxidant properties. 相似文献
5.
为揭示茄子反向温敏核雄性不育(rTGMS)发生与糖类代谢的关系,以茄子rTGMS系‘05ms’及温度不敏感系‘S63’为试材,对不育期和可育期的叶片及花蕾的可溶性糖含量进行比较,结果表明,‘05ms’在不育和可育时期叶片和花蕾中的可溶性糖含量均显著低于‘S63’;进一步对‘05ms’花蕾进行转录组测序及对其糖类代谢相关途径进行分析,发现差异表达基因主要富集在3个通路:淀粉和蔗糖代谢、糖酵解/糖异生和氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢,其中淀粉和蔗糖代谢通路的差异基因最多且大部分在低温条件表达下调,主要影响了葡萄糖和半乳糖醛酸的合成。此结果初步揭示了茄子反向温敏雄性不育系中糖类代谢响应温度变化的特点,为茄子雄性不育杂交育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
6.
为了探究调控‘红元宝’紫玉兰一年两次花芽分化的成花关键基因和代谢通路，对其两次花芽分化过程的前、中、后期花芽样本进行转录组和代谢组测序分析。转录组拼接后共得到43 257条Unigene，其中鉴定出35个差异表达的成花关键基因；代谢组共检测到569个代谢物。结合转录组和代谢组分析，两次花芽分化中期产生差异基因最多，共4 074个。第二次花芽分化产生的差异代谢物蔗糖（Sucrose）和3–氰基丙氨酸（3-Cyanoalanine）大幅上调，甲基丙二酸（Methylmalonic acid）大幅下调，它们在4条KEGG通路上与相应时期的差异基因的相关性值|PCC| > 0.80且P < 0.05。蔗糖与淀粉代谢通路中，差异代谢物海藻糖（Trehalose）与该通路中7个差异基因相关性值|PCC| > 0.80。通过CCA（Canonical correspondence analysis）分析：两次花芽分化的中期，筛选出存在差异转录调控机制的KEGG通路共3条，分别为ko01200碳代谢、ko00630乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢和ko02010ABC转运蛋白。从35个成花基因中随机挑选6个（MlCOL9、MlGA9、MlGAI、MlSPL4、MlSPY、MlSVP）进行qPCR验证，其表达模式与转录组基本一致，说明转录组数据可靠。研究表明：‘红元宝’紫玉兰二次花芽分化是受到光周期途径、春化途径、年龄途径和赤霉素途径的共同影响以及8条代谢通路的协同作用而产生，且代谢物蔗糖和海藻糖在其中发挥重要的作用。 相似文献
7.
利用切片观察法、显色法和比色法对佛焰苞中花色素的分布情况、组分及含量进行了初步分析。结果表明:红掌佛焰苞中主要含有类黄酮(包括花青素苷、黄酮和黄酮醇)、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素3类色素。大部分品种中类黄酮主要分布于上下表皮细胞中,‘萨维尔’等少数品种的栅栏组织中也有类黄酮分布;而叶绿素和类胡萝卜素则分布在栅栏组织中。各色系均含有类黄酮,红色系比其它色系含有更多的花青素苷,绿色系则含有叶绿素;参试品种中只有棕红色品种‘热带之夜’含有少量类胡萝卜素。花青素苷和叶绿素是佛焰苞显色的主要因素,总体上总花青素苷和叶绿素含量与颜色明度L*呈负相关,而与彩度C*呈正相关,即随着总花青素苷含量的增加,红色和粉红色佛焰苞的红色色调加强,叶绿素含量增加可使绿色和白色佛焰苞的绿色和黄色色调加强。 相似文献
8.
《Scientia Horticulturae》2001,88(3):235-241
The flower pigment constitutions of nine hybrids with pink, reddish purple, purple, orange and yellow flowers obtained from the crossings and back-crossings using Polianthes tuberosa ‘Single’ and ‘Double’ and Polianthes howardii were analysed. Among the parents and hybrids, two white flowered cultivars of P. tuberosa had neither carotenoids nor anthocyanins, one hybrid had only carotenoids, four hybrids had only anthocyanins and an additional other four hybrids along with P. howardii had both carotenoids and anthocyanins in their petals. The main anthocyanidin in the petals of anthocyanin containing flowers is cyanidin with which some hybrids also contained delphinidin. Inducing of the anthocyanins and carotenoids from P. howardii into P. tuberosa can contribute to the extension of the diversity of flower colours in further tuberose breeding. 相似文献
9.
S. Kandiah D. T. Wettasinghe G. Wadasinghe 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):581-587
The physiological interaction between the factors controlling the development of new shoots in pruned tea plants was investigated in an experiment using a widely cultivated TRI clone growing at low elevation in Sri Lanka. The functional importance during new shoot growth of root reserves, feeder roots and leaves and buds on unpruned branches (lung-shoots) is critically evaluated. A scheme for their interaction is presented, which highlights the need to maintain feeder roots alive during new shoot development, for which a large proportion of both reserve and current assimilates seem to be utilized. Mature leaves on lung-shoots, besides supplementing carbohydrate supply by current photosynthesis, may also serve to maintain the flow of metabolites from feeder roots to developing shoots and also function as ‘sinks’ for excess, toxic levels of root metabolites. Removing all mature leaves, as is done during ‘clean pruning’, leads to the depletion of reserves below the critical level for feeder root survival, resulting in death of feeder roots and failure of new buds to form shoots. 相似文献
10.
以‘中油桃9号’（白肉）及其黄肉芽变的果肉为试材,采用HPLC法对类胡萝卜素的积累水平进行定性和定量分析,实时荧光定量PCR法对类胡萝卜素代谢关键基因的表达水平进行分析。结果表明：在幼果期,‘中油桃9号’与突变体的果肉颜色无明显差异,但在果实成熟时差别很大;幼果期时‘中油桃9号’与突变体的类胡萝卜素总量相近,以β–胡萝卜素、紫黄质和叶黄质为主;果实成熟期‘中油桃9号’的类胡萝卜素总量比突变体高很多,呈现出高含量的紫黄质、β–胡萝卜素和玉米黄质;实时定量表达分析表明,果实成熟期‘中油桃9号’的CCD4转录水平比突变体高得多。果实成熟时CCD4基因的表达差异可能是导致‘中油桃9号’与突变体类胡萝卜素积累差异的主要原因。 相似文献
11.
茶树萜类香气物质代谢谱与相关基因表达谱时空变化的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对影响茶叶香气品质的关键物质在鲜叶和花中的含量和相关基因表达的关系,以茶‘农抗早’[Camellia sinensis（L.）O. Kuntze‘Nongkangzao’]不同发育阶段鲜叶和花为试材,进行气相色谱和质谱分析。结果表明,茶树叶片萜类化合物含量受叶片发育阶段影响,表现为幼叶中多、老叶中少;糖苷态多、游离态少。此外,对前期获得并初步注释的茶树转录组数据库进行挖掘,发现了编码10个萜类合成酶--芳樟醇合成酶（CsLIS）、香叶烯合成酶（CsMYS）、(E)–β–罗勒烯合成酶（CsOCS）、(R)–柠檬烯合成酶（CsLIM）、(–)–α–萜品醇合成酶（CsTES）、(+)–α–水芹烯合成酶（CsPHS）、大根香叶烯合成酶（CsGES）、(E,E)–α–法尼烯合成酶（CsFAS）、芳樟醇/橙花叔醇合成酶（CsLIS/NES）和橙花叔醇/香叶烯芳樟醇合成酶（CsNES/GLS）的基因序列（按照植物基因命名的基本原则对上述基因进行命名）。上述基因在不同发育阶段叶片和茶树花中的转录水平与萜类香气物质丰度的时空变化有明显的正相关。此外,逆境信号物质茉莉酸甲酯能显著增强芳樟醇合成酶基因等6个基因的表达。 相似文献
12.
金桂及其芽变花色表型及色素成分分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以金桂及其芽变花为试验材料,利用英国皇家园艺学会比色卡(Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart,R.H.S.C.C.)和色差仪测量两种花的颜色表型,通过显色法和紫外—分光光度计初步确定了两种花的主要色素类型,并且利用高效液相色谱—光电二极管阵列(HPLC–DAD)测定花瓣中类胡萝卜素和总黄酮含量,利用高效液相色谱—大气压化学电离源—质谱联用技术(HPLC–APCI–MS)和标准品鉴定主要类胡萝卜素成分。结果发现,芽变枝条上的花色由母本的黄色(R.H.S.C.C.12B~13A)变为橙红色,且花瓣边缘和内部颜色不同(内侧R.H.S.C.C.23B,花瓣外缘R.H.S.C.C.N25A);两种花瓣中均含黄酮类化合物,不含花青素苷,且两者的类胡萝卜素含量存在一定差异;从两种花瓣中分离鉴定出主要的类胡萝卜素成分为α–胡萝卜素和β–胡萝卜素,这两种组分和类胡萝卜素总量在芽变花瓣中极显著高于母本,而两种花瓣的总黄酮含量无显著性差异。因此,最终可以确定引起芽变花色变化的主要色素成分为类胡萝卜素。 相似文献
13.
以姜黄（Curcuma longa L.）组培苗为试材,在继代培养基中添加不同浓度水杨酸（SA）和硝普钠（SNP,NO供体）,研究SA和NO对姜黄生长、次生代谢和姜黄素类化合物含量的影响。试验结果表明：SA和NO均能调节姜黄的生长,促进姜黄次生代谢产物的生成;SA 10 μmol ? L-1或SNP 200 μmol ? L-1处理时,姜黄叶片叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量和可溶性糖含量均达到最大值,姜黄生长处于最佳状态。SA和NO均能激活苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、肉桂酸–4–羟化酶（C4H）和4–香豆酸：辅酶A连接酶（4CL）活性,促进姜黄次生代谢途径中咖啡酸、对香豆酸、阿魏酸和肉桂酸的生成,提高双去甲氧基姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素和姜黄素含量;因此,SA 10 μmol ? L-1或SNP 200 μmol ? L-1最有利于姜黄生长和次生代谢产物的合成。SA和NO对姜黄次生代谢生理调控具有浓度效应。 相似文献
14.
柑橘中类黄酮的组成与代谢研究进展 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
柑橘是人类膳食中类黄酮的主要来源之一。类黄酮对人体健康有多方面的生理功能,且其抗癌、抗病毒、抗炎及抑菌效果可能基于其强抗氧化活性。柑橘中的类黄酮类物质分为黄烷酮、黄酮、黄酮醇、二氢黄酮醇和花色苷等几类,且以黄烷酮糖苷类含量最为丰富。柑橘中类黄酮组成和含量因种质和组织部位而异,柚果实中含有大量苦味的新橘皮糖苷类,而甜橙和橘果实中以无苦味的柚皮芸香糖苷类为主。目前,对类黄酮代谢途径的认识主要局限于其主通路上,但对类黄酮糖基化、酰基化以及甲基化等相关的基因和酶类研究较少。随着柑橘类黄酮代谢研究的深入,其积累和分布的遗传机理将逐渐得以揭示,这将会为培育功能性柑橘新种质提供理论依据。 相似文献
15.
以‘英红9号’茶树叶片为材料，克隆HD-Zip转录因子基因CsHB1，原核表达CsHB1重组蛋白，利用本氏烟草进行CsHB1表达蛋白的亚细胞定位；构建CsHB1的RNAi转基因载体，经农杆菌介导转化‘英红9号’茶树叶片愈伤组织，并对沉默CsHB1愈伤组织系进行基因表达分析和咖啡碱含量测定。结果表明，克隆基因与NCBI登记的‘龙井43’茶树CsHB1（MF033534）有6个碱基差异，但编码相同的氨基酸序列；原核诱导表达获得CsHB1的49 kD不可溶蛋白；将CsHB1蛋白亚细胞定位于细胞核和细胞质。在沉默表达CsHB1愈伤组织中，CsHB1表达显著下降，催化茶叶咖啡碱合成的N–甲基转移酶基因yhNMT1表达下调，愈伤组织中咖啡碱含量显著降低。推测转录因子基因CsHB1的沉默抑制了靶基因yhNMT1的表达，进而降低‘英红9号’愈伤组织中咖啡碱的合成积累。 相似文献
16.
番茄果实颜色形成的分子机制及调控研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
番茄果实颜色主要包括绿色、黄色、红色、粉色和紫色等，这些颜色的形成是叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、番茄红素、黄酮类化合物等多种次生代谢物质积累综合呈现的结果。针对近年来关于控制番茄果实颜色形成的相关基因、生物合成途径及其调控机制的研究进展进行综述，旨在为今后通过生物技术手段进行番茄果色农艺性状改良提供参考。 相似文献
17.
18.
《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,104(1):57-64
Flower pigmentation is one of the most important traits for ornamental plants. To clarify the genetic basis for carotenoid pigmentation in flower tepals of Asiatic hybrid lily (Lilium sp.), we evaluated the segregation of a tepal-carotenoid content among F1 plants derived from a cross between ‘Montreux’ (having a small amount of carotenoids) and ‘Connecticut King’ (having a large amount of carotenoids), and mapped genetic loci for the carotenoid pigmentation onto the molecular linkage maps of ‘Montreux’ and ‘Connecticut King’ that we constructed previously. The tepal-carotenoid content among the F1 plants showed continuous segregation, indicating that several genes are associated with this trait. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis identified one QTL, qCARmon6, on the sixth linkage group of the ‘Montreux’ map. qCARmon6 explained 58.2% of the total phenotypic variation, that is, this locus had a large effect on the carotenoid accumulation. The result that qCARmon6 was mapped on the linkage group of ‘Montreux’ which has a small amount of carotenoid pigments in tepals indicates that this locus has a dominant negative effect on carotenoid pigmentation. 相似文献
19.
《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(2):87-100
Abstract Stilbenes are secondary metabolites of a class of non-flavanoid phenolics found in certain species of Vitis. This class of compounds includes resveratrol and a resveratrol glucoside called piceid that exists in trans and cis forms. This study was undertaken to determine the cis and trans forms of both resveratrol and piceid in the skin, pulp, seeds, and juice of nine cultivars of muscadine grapes and three cultivars of Vitis labruscana. Juice samples of the muscadine cultivars ‘Fry’, ‘Hunt’, ‘Magnolia’, ‘Watergate’, ‘Carlos’, ‘Noble’, and ‘Sweet Jenny’, and the V. labruscana cultivars ‘Albermarle’, ‘Miss Blanc’, ‘MidSouth’ and ‘Miss Blue’ were harvested at the full ripe stage and divided into two sub-samples. One subsample was used to extract juice and the other was divided into skins, pulp, and seeds. Sample analysis was performed using HPLC with a UV detector. Sample chromatagrams were compared with those of known standards for quantification. ‘Carlos’ and ‘Magnolia’ had the greatest total stilbene concentration in skin tissue and had bronze skin containing higher concentrations of total stilbenes than any of the black-skinned cultivars tested. Only one bronze skin cultivar, ‘Sweet Jenny’, had lower stilbenes than the dark skin cultivars. Piceid, cis piceid and resveratrol were found in the skins of all cultivars. ‘Carlos’ ‘Magnolia’, ‘Fry’ and ‘Albermarle’ muscadines contained cis resveratrol in the skins of the fruit. ‘Watergate’ was the only cultivar in which resveratrol was detected in seed tissue. ‘Sweet Jenny’ had the highest levels of cis piceid in seed tissue. ‘Albermarle’, ‘Carlos’ and ‘Sweet Jenny’ had significantly greater levels of cis picied in pulp tissue than all other cultivars. 相似文献