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牛病毒性腹泻病毒（bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV）是导致牛腹泻的重要致病病毒之一,BVDV感染不仅能造成严重的临床症状,且可导致患畜的免疫力降低从而感染其他病原,致使患病动物的发病率和死亡率大大增加,给养牛业造成重大的损失。随着近年来分子生物学相关理论及技术不断发展,对于BVDV的研究逐渐深入,人们对该病毒的分子生物学方面有了一些新的了解,作者主要从BVDV的病毒粒子结构组成及功能、国内外的流行情况和BVDV基因的遗传与变异情况3个方面阐述近几年BVDV的分子生物学研究进展。 相似文献
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牛病毒性腹泻病毒一步法RT-PCR检测方法的建立与应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为建立一种快速检测牛病毒性腹泻病毒病原的方法,本研究根据GenBank上登录的牛病毒性腹泻病毒(bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV)基因组序列,设计1对引物,建立了检测BVDV的一步法RT-PCR方法。该方法对牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、猪瘟病毒、牛副流感病毒3型的扩增结果均为阴性,检测的敏感性达1 ng RNA。该一步法RT-PCR方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性、重复性,可以准确快速检测出极低含量的BVDV,将为BVDV的病原检测及分子流行病学调查等提供一种快速、灵敏、特异、准确的分子生物学检测方法。 相似文献
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牛病毒性腹泻病毒侵染细胞机制的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)是反刍动物和猪体内广泛存在的危害动物健康的重要病原体.BVDV感染牛后主要引起牛的持续性感染、免疫耐受、免疫抑制、繁殖障碍及急慢性黏膜病等临床症状,给养牛业造成重大的损失.其致病机理非常复杂,给该病的治疗和根除带来极大的困难.随着分子病毒学研究的发展以及对猪瘟病毒和黄病毒科其他成员的研究,人们在BVDV分子水平和细胞水平的研究方面也取得了一些进展.就此,作者从BVDV入侵细胞、在细胞内的复制以及与宿主蛋白分子相互作用等方面进行综述,有助于阐明BVDV致病和在体内持续存活的机制,为该病的防治和疫苗研发提供新的思路和对策. 相似文献
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The effects of exposure of susceptible alpacas to alpacas persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Byers SR Evermann JF Bradway DS Grimm AL Ridpath JF Parish SM Tibary A Barrington GM 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2011,52(3):263-271
Reports of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections in alpacas have been increasing in recent years but much is still unknown about the mechanisms of disease in this species. This report characterizes the transmission of BVDV from persistently infected (PI) alpacas to BVDV naïve alpacas, documents shedding patterns, and characterizes the disease effects in both PI and transiently infected alpacas. Two PI alpacas shed BVDV Type 1b virus in most body fluids, and commonly available diagnostic tests verified their status. Bovine viral diarrhea virus Type 1b transient infections produced only mild signs of disease in BVDV naïve alpacas. Viremia was detected in whole blood, but viral shedding during the acute phase was not detected and antibody appeared to be protective upon re-exposure to the virus. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a prominent viral pathogen worldwide, causes substantial economic losses in the cattle industry. BVDV comprises two... 相似文献
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本研究从疑似牛病毒性腹泻病毒(bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV)感染牛的分泌物与排泄物中分离鉴定1株牛病毒性腹泻病毒,并进行E2基因序列分析。结果表明,分离株病毒命名为JN株;Reed-Muench法测定分离株病毒TCID50为10-7.5/0.1 mL;病毒中和试验结果表明,BVDV JN分离株可被BVDV阳性血清特异性中和,而不能被BVDV阴性血清中和;分离株病毒E2基因序列测序结果表明,该分离毒株属于BVDVⅠa亚型。 相似文献
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牛病毒性腹泻病毒致病机制研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
牛病毒性腹泻（bovine viral diarrhea,BVD）和黏膜病（mucosal disease,MD）均是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒（bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV）感染引发的传染病,严重威胁世界养牛业的发展。文章概述了BVDV分型及其分子生物学特征,并从急性感染、经胎盘或子宫感染、持续性感染和黏膜病4个方面总结了近期国内外BVDV致病机制的研究进展。根据序列保守性及是否致细胞病变可将BVDV分为两种基因型和两种生物型,其中,新发现的"HoBi"株归类为瘟病毒属。BVDV基因进化很快,基因组编码4种结构蛋白和8种非结构蛋白,编码蛋白在病毒的复制、翻译及在宿主致病过程中发挥重要作用。BVDV致病机制复杂,急性感染会造成病毒血症、繁殖障碍、免疫抑制等,急性感染牛发生腹泻的原因与BVDV感染胃肠道的肌层、黏膜下层并干扰肠道神经的正常功能相关,非致细胞病变型（NCP）BVDV是造成急性感染的病因。胚胎感染BVDV取决于病毒首次侵袭时胎儿在子宫内的生长阶段。NCP型BVDV具有抑制胎儿体内产生Ⅰ型干扰素的能力,致使该病毒在宿主中得以生存并形成持续性感染牛,当持续性感染牛再次感染与NCP型BVDV高度同源的致细胞病变型（CP）毒株时直接诱发黏膜病。两种生物型的产生是发生持续性感染和黏膜病的重要因素,NCP型可向CP型BVDV进行转化。本综述有助于发现控制BVD-MD传播的新途径,为消灭该病和新型疫苗的研制提供参考。 相似文献
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Transmission of Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1b to susceptible and vaccinated calves by exposure to persistently infected calves 
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下载免费PDF全文 Robert W. Fulton Robert E. Briggs Julia F. Ridpath Jeremiah T. Saliki Anthony W. Confer Mark E. Payton Glenn C. Duff D.L. Step D.A. Walker 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2005,69(3):161-169
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) persistently infected (PI) calves represent significant sources of infection to susceptible cattle. The objectives of this study were to determine if PI calves transmitted infection to vaccinated and unvaccinated calves, to determine if BVDV vaccine strains could be differentiated from the PI field strains by subtyping molecular techniques, and if there were different rates of recovery from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) versus serums for acutely infected calves. Calves PI with BVDV1b were placed in pens with nonvaccinated and vaccinated calves for 35 d. Peripheral blood leukocytes, serums, and nasal swabs were collected for viral isolation and serology. In addition, transmission of Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1), Parainfluenza-3 virus (PI-3V), and Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was monitored during the 35 d observation period. Bovine viral diarrhea virus subtype 1b was transmitted to both vaccinated and nonvaccinated calves, including BVDV1b seronegative and seropositive calves, after exposure to PI calves. There was evidence of transmission by viral isolation from PBL, nasal swabs, or both, and seroconversions to BVDV1b. For the unvaccinated calves, 83.2% seroconverted to BVDV1b. The high level of transmission by PI calves is illustrated by seroconversion rates of nonvaccinated calves in individual pens: 70% to 100% seroconversion to the BVDV1b. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated from 45 out of 202 calves in this study. These included BVDV1b in ranch and order buyer (OB) calves, plus BVDV strains identified as vaccinal strains that were in modified live virus (MLV) vaccines given to half the OB calves 3 d prior to the study. The BVDV1b isolates in exposed calves were detected between collection days 7 and 21 after exposure to PI calves. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was recovered more frequently from PBL than serum in acutely infected calves. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was also isolated from the lungs of 2 of 7 calves that were dying with pulmonary lesions. Two of the calves dying with pneumonic lesions in the study had been BVDV1b viremic prior to death. Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1b was isolated from both calves that received the killed or MLV vaccines. There were cytopathic (CP) strains isolated from MLV vaccinated calves during the same time frame as the BVDV1b isolations. These viruses were typed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genetic sequencing, and most CP were confirmed as vaccinal origin. A BVDV2 NCP strain was found in only 1 OB calf, on multiple collections, and the calf seroconverted to BVDV2. This virus was not identical to the BVDV2 CP 296 vaccine strain. The use of subtyping is required to differentiate vaccinal strains from the field strains. This study detected 2 different vaccine strains, the BVDV1b in PI calves and infected contact calves, and a heterologous BVDV2 subtype brought in as an acutely infected calf. The MLV vaccination, with BVDV1a and BVDV2 components, administered 3 d prior to exposure to PI calves did not protect 100% against BVDV1b viremias or nasal shedding. There were other agents associated with the bovine respiratory disease signs and lesions in this study including Mannheimia haemolytica, Mycoplasma spp., PI-3V, BRSV, and BHV-1. 相似文献
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牛病毒性腹泻在中国的流行现状分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
牛病毒性腹泻是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒（Bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV）引起的,主要侵害牛、羊、鹿、牦牛等反刍动物及猪的一种重要传染病。该病对畜牧业危害巨大,欧美等国家已经开始实施BVDV根除计划。该病在中国广泛流行,本文就BVDV在中国的流行状况进行分析和概述。 相似文献
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牛病毒性腹泻病毒研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
牛病毒性腹泻病毒是黄病毒科瘟病毒属的代表种,主要感染牛并引发疾病,造成严重的经济损失.自该病毒发现至今,已有60余年研究历史,随着生物学理论及技术不断发展,特别是反向遗传技术以及蛋白组学在病毒研究领域的应用,人们对该病毒产生了一些新的认识.论文从牛病毒性腹泻病毒的病毒粒子结构组成及功能、病毒复制周期及蛋白裂解过程、细胞损伤及免疫逃逸机制三个方面阐述了近几年牛病毒性腹泻病毒分子生物学研究的进展,重点讨论了病毒复制周期、多聚蛋白裂解、致细胞病变效应和免疫逃逸机制. 相似文献
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Losses over a 2-year period associated with fetal infection with the bovine viral diarrhea virus in a beef cow-calf herd in Saskatchewan. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 L F Taylor E D Janzen J Van Donkersgoed 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1997,38(1):23-28
In 1992, significant calf losses occurred between birth and weaning in a 650-cow Saskatchewan beef herd. These losses occurred subsequent to ill-thrift and disease, and every calf necropsied was found to be persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). The objectives of this study were to describe the losses associated with fetal infection with BVDV in this herd and to determine why they occurred. For investigative purposes, blood samples were collected from the entire cow herd and the surviving calves at pregnancy testing in 1992, and tested by virus isolation for BVDV. Between 51 and 71 persistently infected calves were born in 1992. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was only isolated from calves. The only confirmed fetal infections with BVDV were recorded as the birth of persistently infected calves. However, abortions, reduced pregnancy rates, and delayed calvings were also recorded in the cow herd and may have been the result of fetal infections. The herd was monitored again in 1993. Fetal infections with BVDV were recorded as the birth of stunted, deformed, and persistently infected calves. The greatest losses due to fetal infection with BVDV in the 2 years of this study occurred in cows that were 3-years-old at calving (second calves). Bovine viral diarrhea virus appears to have remained endemic in this herd by transmission from persistently infected calves on young 3- and 4-year-old cows to naive calved 2-year-old cows that were mingled with them annually for rebreeding. Significant numbers of the 2-year-old cows remained naive to BVDV, because they were segregated from persistently infected calves at weaning, preventing cross-infection with BVDV. 相似文献
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Paul H. Walz Manuel F. Chamorro Shollie M. Falkenberg Thomas Passler Frank van der Meer Amelia R. Woolums 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(5):1690-1706
Control of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in cattle populations across most of the world has remained elusive in spite of advances in knowledge about this viral pathogen. A central feature of virus perseverance in cattle herds is the unique mechanism of persistent infection. Managing BVDV infection in herds involves controlling persistently infected carrier animals using a multidimensional approach of vaccination, biosecurity, and identification of BVDV reservoirs. A decade has passed since the original American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine consensus statement on BVDV. While much has remained the same with respect to clinical signs of disease, pathogenesis of infection including persistent infection, and diagnosis, scientific articles published since 2010 have led to a greater understanding of difficulties associated with control of BVDV. This consensus statement update on BVDV presents greater focus on topics currently relevant to the biology and control of this viral pathogen of cattle, including changes in virus subpopulations, infection in heterologous hosts, immunosuppression, and vaccination. 相似文献
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Suppression of bovine viral diarrhea virus replication by small interfering RNA and short hairpin RNA-mediated RNA interference 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a ubiquitous viral pathogen that affects cattle herds' worldwide causing significant economic loss. The current strategies to control BVDV infection include vaccination (modified-live or killed) and control of virus spread by enhanced biosecurity management, however, the disease remains prevalent. With the discovery of the sequence-specific method of gene silencing known as RNA interference (RNAi), a new era in antiviral therapies has begun. Here we report the efficient inhibition of BVDV replication by small interfering (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated gene silencing. siRNAs were generated to target the 5' non-translated (NTR) region and the regions encoding the C, NS4B and NS5A proteins of the BVDV genome. The siRNAs were first validated using an EGFP/BVDV reporter system and were then shown to suppress BVDV-induced cytopathic effects and viral titers in cell culture with surprisingly different activities compared to the reporter system. Efficient viral suppression was then achieved by bovine 7SK-expressed BVDV-specific shRNAs. Overall, our results demonstrated the use of siRNA and shRNA-mediated gene silencing to achieve efficient inhibition of the replication of this virus in cell culture. 相似文献
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为深入研究牛场中普遍存在的持续性感染,探讨不同生物型牛病毒性腹泻病毒（bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV）转化的分子机制,本试验将致细胞病变型BVDV （CP型BVDV）和非致细胞病变型BVDV （NCP型BVDV）感染MDBK细胞,观察细胞变化,感染后12~72 h期间每间隔12 h收集1次细胞,同时对24、48 h收集的细胞进行转录组学分析。结果显示,不同生物型BVDV感染宿主细胞24 h后,与感染NCP型BVDV的细胞相比,感染CP型BVDV的MDBK细胞中上调差异表达的基因2 849个,下调差异表达的基因3 347个,48 h后,上调差异表达的基因2 933个,下调差异表达的基因2 831个。对差异基因的GO功能分析结果表明,差异基因参与的分子功能主要有催化活性、结合活性、酶调节活性、分子转导活性和蛋白结合转录因子活性等;Pathway显著性富集分析结果显示,差异表达基因主要参与细胞自噬、细胞凋亡、免疫调节因子等相关的信号通路。本试验结果可为进一步揭示病毒致病的分子机制、控制BVDV和研制其候选疫苗奠定基础。 相似文献
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Shimazaki T Nakamura S Taguchi K Inoue Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(2):263-266
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has been segregated into two genotypes, type 1 and type 2. To determine the efficacy of the commercially available bovine viral diarrhea type 1 vaccine used in Japan against BVDV type 2, calves were infected with BVDV type 2 strain 890 4 weeks after administration of the vaccine. The vaccinated calves did not develop any clinical signs and hematological changes such as observed in unvaccinated calves after the challenge. Furthermore, the challenge virus was not recovered from the vaccinated calves throughout the duration of the experiment, whereas it was recovered from all unvaccinated calves. The bovine viral diarrhea vaccine used in Japan is efficacious against infection with BVDV type 2 strain 890. 相似文献
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The genetic basis for cytopathogenicity of pestiviruses 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Two biotypes of pestiviruses, cytopathogenic (cp) and noncp viruses, can be distinguished by their effects on tissue culture cells. Identification of cp bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has been frequently reported since antigenically closely related noncp and cp BVDV can be isolated from cattle with fatal mucosal disease (MD) and are called a virus pair. In contrast to the BVDV system, only few cp border disease virus (BDV) and cp classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strains have been described. Serological analyses and sequence comparison studies showed that cp pestiviruses arise from noncp viruses by mutation. Elaborate studies during the last 10 years revealed that in most cases RNA recombination is responsible for the generation of the cp viruses. Recent results showed a second way for the development of a cp pestivirus which is based on the introduction of a set of point mutations within the NS2 gene. 相似文献
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Persistent infection and immunologic tolerance are important characteristics of bovine viral diarrhea disease, which have caused great difficulties on the diagnosis, quarantine and prevention of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), so a fast and efficient detection method of BVDV is quite necessary. A pair of primers were designed based on the gene sequences of BVDV 5′UTR published in GenBank, then established the Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR detection method with SYBR Green Ⅰ to detect BVDV. The results showed that the detection method had high specificity, strong sensitivity and good repeatability. Thus, the detection method of the Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR would provide an effective means for the rapid detection of BVDV and persistent infected animals. It could supplement and perfect the quarantine and diagnostic methods of BVDV. 相似文献
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Roman M Pogranichniy Eran Raizman H Leon Thacker Gregory W Stevenson 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2008,20(1):71-74
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the economically important diseases of cattle. For many years, different types of vaccines have been commercially available, yet this disease is hard to control in high-density population areas. Detection and isolation of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) from any potential reservoir is vital, especially when considering virus eradication from a herd or locale. One potential source is wild ruminants. Ear notches and lymph nodes were collected from the wild population of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) during deer hunting season in Indiana and tested for BVDV with a commercial BVD antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two samples out of 745 collected samples were positive, and subsequently cp and ncp BVDV was isolated from 1 ear notch and 1 lymph node. These isolates were genotyped as type 1a and 1b based on sequence analysis of the 5' untranslated region (UTR). The results of the present study indicate that the prevalence of BVDV in the white-tailed deer population of Indiana is about 0.3%. Wild ruminants infected with BVDV should be taken into consideration during an eradication program of BVDV from the livestock population. 相似文献