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以路易斯安那鸢尾为试材,采用营养液培养方法,对铅(Pb)胁迫下路易斯安那鸢尾品种铅吸收量和非蛋白巯基(NPT)的变化等进行了研究。结果表明:路易斯安那鸢尾品种‘Professor Neil’对铅吸收和富集量相对较大且耐性最强。随着Pb浓度的升高,叶片、根状茎和根的Pb含量增加,增加量依次为根根状茎叶片。根在高浓度1 200mg/L Pb时达到最大,其含量为108 366mg/kg DW;根状茎在800mg/L Pb时达到最大,其含量为7 966mg/kg DW,呈先缓慢上升再下降的趋势;叶片在高浓度800mg/L Pb时达到最大,其含量为4 011mg/kg DW。随着Pb浓度的升高,根系耐受指数(IT)逐渐下降,在Pb含量大于600mg/L后存在显著性差异。根至茎转移率(R/R)呈先上升再下降的趋势,在800mg/L Pb处理时达到最大值10.02%。茎至叶转移率(R/L)呈先上升再下降的趋势,在600mg/L Pb处理时达到最大值57.78%。Pb胁迫下随着0~600mg/L浓度的升高和1~7d的时间推移,GSH和Cys含量呈增加的趋势并产生显著差异,尤其GSH起着重要的Pb解毒作用。 相似文献
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以九里香为试材,采用盆栽试验方法,研究了250、500、1 000、1 500、3 000 mg·kg~(-1)铅(Pb)胁迫下九里香对Pb的吸收和九里香生物量,叶绿素含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化,以期为在大生物量植物中筛选Pb污染的修复植物提供参考依据。结果表明:当土壤Pb浓度为250 mg·kg~(-1)时,九里香根、茎、叶的生物量达到峰值,叶绿素含量、Pro含量、SOD和CAT活性也显著高于对照;超过这一浓度后,这些指标开始下降,在3 000 mg·kg~(-1)的土壤Pb浓度胁迫下,生物量、叶绿素含量、Pro含量降到最低,与对照相比差异不显著,SOD、CAT活性在高浓度Pb胁迫下虽然出现不同程度的降低,但均高于对照。POD活性则表现为随着Pb处理浓度的增加而上升。九里香根、茎、叶对Pb的积累随着土壤Pb浓度的增加而增大,根是Pb的主要吸收部位。在不同Pb浓度处理下,植株转移系数均小于0.5,而耐性指数为0.79～1.22。以上结果表明,九里香具有较强的Pb耐性,能在高浓度的Pb污染土壤中生存,但并非Pb富集植物,可作为Pb污染地区的先锋树种用于植被重建和生态恢复。 相似文献
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以萝卜为试材,采用室内盆栽,结合施用肥料“3414”的方法,研究了不同浓度氮肥（N）、磷肥（P2O5）及Pb胁迫对萝卜生长和不同部位吸收Pb的影响,以期为重金属污染的土壤安全种植萝卜提供参考依据。结果表明：在中水平Pb(100 mg·kg-1)胁迫下,施用氮、磷肥均可促进萝卜叶长、茎粗、地上部和根系鲜质量的增加;氮肥的施用对萝卜根系吸收Pb作用不显著,施加磷肥会抑制萝卜根系对Pb的吸收,尤其中(150 mg·kg-1)、高(225 mg·kg-1)水平抑制效果最为显著且二者之间无显著差异;基于作物产量与质量安全生产之间的关系,萝卜种植氮肥（N）、磷肥（P2O5）最佳施用量分别为287.29、154.49 mg·kg-1。在中水平氮(300 mg·kg-1)、磷(150 mg·kg-1)肥施用量的基础上,高(350 mg·kg-1)水平Pb处理促进了... 相似文献
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以"红花二号"种子为试材,研究了不同二氧化氯浓度(0、500、1 000、1 500、2 000、2 500mg/L)对其种子发芽率、简易活力指数、幼苗的综合素质和产量的影响,及不同培养天数红花芽菜中维生素E含量的变化。结果表明:在二氧化氯浓度为1 000mg/L或1 500mg/L时,红花种子的发芽率、简易活力指数、产量和幼苗的综合素质均最好,红花芽菜中维生素E含量随培养天数的增加而增加,且增加幅度也在增加;因此1 000mg/L或1 500mg/L为二氧化氯处理红花种子的最适浓度,红花芽菜中维生素E含量在第8天时达到最大值,为62.07mg/g。 相似文献
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以日本楤木为试材,设置镉(Cd)(1、5、20、50mg/kg)、铅(Pb)(100、500、1 000、1 500mg/kg)、锌(Zn)(100、500、1 000、1 500mg/kg)单一及复合胁迫共8个处理组,通过盆栽试验,研究了土壤中镉、铅、锌对日本楤木叶片中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量、抗氧化保护酶活性及膜脂质过氧化作用的影响。结果表明:Cd+Zn和Pb+Zn胁迫下可溶性蛋白质随重金属浓度增大而降低,其余胁迫均先升高后降低;Zn胁迫下可溶性糖含量均随处理浓度增大而升高,其余胁迫下则先升高后降低;单一胁迫下MDA含量均随处理浓度增大先降低后升高;CAT活性在单一胁迫下随处理浓度增大而增强,复合胁迫下则先增强后减弱;单一胁迫下POD活性均随处理浓度的升高而降低,除Cd+Pb外,其余复合胁迫组均随处理浓度升高而显著降低。 相似文献
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《食用菌学报》2017,(4)
研究壳聚糖、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸及三十烷醇对金针菇(Flammulina velutipes)的原基分化时间、子实体产量以及部分化学成分含量的影响。结果表明,实验浓度内3种诱导物均可显著缩短原基分化时间,与对照组相比,处理浓度为1、2mg/kg的壳聚糖使原基分化时间缩短3d。除0.5mg/kg壳聚糖、1mg/kg 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸和0.5mg/kg三十烷醇外,其余浓度的3种诱导物均可显著增加金针菇子实体产量。其中2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸的浓度为0.05 mg/kg时,金针菇子实体产量达到最大值(57.15±1.72)g。壳聚糖浓度为0.05mg/kg时,子实体的蛋白质含量最高,为(39.73±0.05)mg/g;当壳聚糖浓度为0.5mg/kg时,子实体的总黄酮、总多酚和花色苷含量最高,分别为(50.55±0.02)、(2.15±0.01)mg/g和(51.34±0.29)μg/g。三种诱导物中,1mg/kg壳聚糖显著增加金针菇甘露醇含量,为(57.20±0.02)mg/g。0.5mg/kg的2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸处理的金针菇子实体总多糖含量达到最高(12.43±0.05)μg/g。 相似文献
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探讨不同浓度消毒干鸡粪肥施用对Pb胁迫下果香水果黄瓜的生长影响机理的差异。采用室内种植培养的方法，用不同浓度的铅溶液浸种种植后测量外观指标，选定最适胁迫浓度，随后消毒干鸡粪肥与土壤混合吸附后，将最适铅胁迫浓度浸种下的种子种植于鸡粪浓度分别为0g/kg、20g/kg、40g/kg、60g/kg、80g/kg和100g/kg土壤中，1个月后研究其对果香水果黄瓜生长及生理指标的影响。结果显示，在400 mg/L的铅溶液浸种下，果香水果黄瓜的发芽率、发芽势、根长、株高、单叶面积、单株叶面积真叶数都显著降低，该浓度对真叶的叶片发黄数目无影响；而消毒干鸡粪肥添加量为80g/kg时，对单叶面积、单株面积、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量和可溶性糖含量呈现出明显的促进作用；鸡粪肥的用量对株高无显著影响。消毒鸡粪肥用量可以促进植物的生长，缓解植物受重金属Pb的毒害作用。 相似文献
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植物生长调节剂对寒莓绿枝扦插生根的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
研究了3种植物生长调节剂对寒莓绿枝扦插生根的影响.结果表明,寒莓为皮部生根类型,属较易生根植物;NAA、IBA、ASD的100mg/kg、300mg/kg和500mg/kg 3种浓度处理均能促进生根,以500mg/kg的ASD处理插穗30s为佳,生根率为70.33%,根系发育指数为17.58. 相似文献
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6 香蒲对重金属吸收积累能力如何?
6.1 铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)
李永丽等[63]对湖南永州铅锌铜尾矿的调查结果显示,东方香蒲对铅富集作用强,以干质量计,植株地上部铅含量为61 9 mg/kg,地下部铅含量为1 233 mg/kg,生物富集系数0.10～0.26.在Pb(NO3)2浓度为300 mg/L的水培液中,以干质量计,地上部最大铅含量12 413 mg/kg、地下部30 508.5mg/kg,远远超过"超积累植物"1 000 mg/kg(干质量)的界定标准.此外,在培养液中加入EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸),对增加植株铅吸收量、增大铅在植株体内的转运系数、缓解植株铅毒害症状等均有明显作用.徐义昆等[64]试验结果表明,东方香蒲植株Pb积累量与营养液Pb2+浓度呈显著正相关,根和叶对Pb的积累量均显著高于对照,且根的积累量明显高于叶.用Pb2+浓度为2.00 mmol/L的营养液培养10天,根中Pb含量为对照的332倍. 相似文献
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铅胁迫对番茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究不同铅浓度对番茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.试验结果表明,铅胁迫可明显降低番茄种子发芽率、株高和根长.超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随铅浓度增加先下降后趋于稳定,其敏感浓度范围是40～60 mg/L.过氧化物酶(POD)活性随铅浓度的增加而增加,达到活性高峰后,则随铅浓度的增加而降低. 相似文献
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AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α1-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α1-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α1-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α1-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension. 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(1):139-156
Abstract This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
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Fulé Peter Z. Crouse Joseph E. Heinlein Thomas A. Moore Margaret M. Covington W. Wallace Verkamp Greg 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(5):465-486
Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site, especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879. Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study. Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
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以西双版纳黄瓜和‘华黄5号’黄瓜叶片为试验材料,研究了衰老过程中两种黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量变化及脱镁叶绿素脱镁叶绿酸水解酶基因PPH和脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶基因PAO的表达。结果表明：随着叶片衰老,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著降低,叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值在0.5左右,推测叶绿素b的含量可能对黄瓜叶片保绿起到重要作用。荧光定量RT-PCR分析结果显示：PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片生长35 d时表达量最高,分别为5.50和1.86;PPH在‘华黄5号’叶片35 d时表达量最高,为7.14,而PAO在35和45 d表达量都很高,分别为3.90和3.91;PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片中的表达量低于在‘华黄5号’中。 相似文献
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AIM:To observe the effect of simvastatin on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) induced by serum and growth factor PDGF-BB and the effect of simvastatin on the expression of PTEN,a important regulator of G1/S cell cycle transition. METHODS:The DNA synthesis was determined by [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle was examined with flow cytometry, the protein level of PTEN was measured by Western blot method. RESULTS: (1)Simvastatin inhibited [3H]-TdR incorporation in a dose dependent manner. (2) Flow cytometric DNA analysis revealed that simvastatin induced significantly enhancement of G0/G1 phase and decrease in S phase VSMCs.(3)Simvastatin increased protein level of PTEN and mevalonate, a metabolite of HMG-COA, reversed the effect of simvastatin on PTEN protein expression. CONCLUSION:Simvastatin may inhibit proliferation of VSMCs and retarded cell cycle in G0/G1 phase by increasing PTEN expression through inhibiting synthesis of mevalonate. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献