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10个绵羊品种的微卫星DNA多态性研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
本研究利用FAO和ILRI推荐的21个微卫星引物,结合荧光标记PCR,检测了中国9个地方绵羊（Ovisaries）品种和1个外来绵羊品种的遗传多样性。21个微卫星座位均呈现出高度多态,多态性信息含量和杂合度均表明我国地方绵羊品种有着丰富的遗传多样性。本研究共检测到342个等位基因,有效等位基因数在2．1752～9．4997之间,座位平均杂合度在0．5248～0．8551之间,品种平均杂合度在0．633-0．761之间。聚类关系和主成分分析结果与其起源、育成历史及地理分布基本一致。 相似文献
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皖西白鹅微卫星DNA遗传多样性分析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
从9对微卫星引物中筛选出6对引物对49只皖西白鹅的DNA多态性进行检测，分析等位基因组成，计算各座位的基因杂合度和多态性信息含量。结果表明，6对微卫星引物共扩增出16个等位基因，基因频率分布在0．0392-0．9608之间。6个微卫星位点的平均杂合度为0．3809，平均多态性信息含量为0．3285。 相似文献
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为保护和开发地方品种猪的遗传资源,采用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)法分析皖北猪个体之间的遗传多样性。试验方案采用L(35)正交法,优化RAPD反应条件;筛选7条特异引物对皖北猪进行RAPD分析,计算带谱相似率、平均杂合度和遗传相似度,UPGMA法进行聚类分析。试验结果表明,优化的皖北猪RAPD反应体系为Mg2+浓度3 mmol/L,Taq酶1.50 U,dNTPs浓度0.40 mmol/L,引物浓度0.50μmol/L,模板浓度1 mg/L。皖北猪群处于亲缘关系不清的遗传非均衡状态。 相似文献
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利用6个微卫星标记对湘西黄牛的遗传多样性进行了初步分析.6对微卫星引物在湘西黄牛中共检测到65个等位基因,平均每对引物上检测到9.3个等位基因;平均有效等位基因7.8759个,等位基因在湘西黄牛群体中的分布很均匀;平均观测杂合度为0.8669,平均期望杂合度为0.8829.6个微卫星座位在湘西黄牛中平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.8297,均大于0.5,都是高度多态性的.湘西黄牛杂合子的比例较大,基因纯合率都偏低,群体的遗传变异度高,表明湘西黄牛遗传多样性丰富,具有较大的选择潜力,可承受的选择压比较大,这是开展新品种培育工作的有利条件. 相似文献
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：用8个微卫星标记对闽南黄牛的等位基因频率、多态信息含量、杂合度和有效等位基因数等指标进行统计分析,并在此基础上对其进行聚类分析和分类研究。结果：8个微卫星标记在所检测的闽南黄牛群体中都表现出较丰富的多态性,在4个群体8个微卫星座位共有58个等位基因,每个微卫星标记平均检测到7．2个等位基因（3～11）;8个微卫星标记的平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0．6471,各群体的平均多态信息含量（PIC）差并不显著;全部群体平均杂合度为0．2930;各群体平均有效等位基因数为3．37。此表明闽南黄牛在微卫星位点上具有丰富的遗传多样性;根据奈氏标准遗传距离进行UPGMA聚类分析,结果表明4个群体间的遗传变异不大。 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳地对德令哈地区９５头柴达木黄牛的血红蛋白进行分型。结果发现，柴达木黄牛Ｈｂ的多态性受Ｈｂ和Ｈｂ三个复等位基因控制，构成ＨｂＡＡ、ＨｂＡＢ、ＨｂＡｃ和ＨｂＢＢ四种基因型，各等位基因频率分别为０．８３６８、０．１５７９和０．００５３，基因杂合度为０．２７４８。 相似文献
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青海柴达木黄牛乳中4种乳蛋白多态性的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对106头柴达木黄牛乳汁中4种乳蛋白的多态性进行了研究，结果发现：（1）α-LA，β-LG，αS1-CN和β－CN都存在多态性；（2）4种乳蛋白的平均有效等位基因数为1．375个，平均基因杂合度为0．2334，平均基因均质指数为0．607；（3）在β-LG基因座上发现罕见等位基因β-LG^D，在β－CN基因座上发现新等位基因在β－CN^F。 相似文献
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应用微卫星标记对12个中国地方乌骨鸡品种遗传多样性的研究 总被引：9，自引：11，他引：9
利用27个微卫星DNA标记对12个地方乌骨鸡品种进行遗传多样性分析，通过计算等位基因频率、多态信息含量、杂合度、有效等位基因数和遗传距离，评估各品种内遗传变异和各品种间遗传相关，并根据遗传距离对12个鸡品种进行了聚类分析。结果表明，各乌骨鸡群体的遗传多样性较为丰富，并具有较高的选择潜力。平均杂合度最高的是竹乡鸡，为0．670；最低的是江山乌骨鸡，为0．581。27个微卫星标记中4个为中度多态座位，1个低度多态座位，22个为高度多态座位；LEI0234与LEI0192分别检测到了10．3与12．2个等位基因。以标准遗传距离为准，遗传距离最近的为沐川乌骨鸡与略阳鸡，为0．1002，而乌蒙乌骨鸡与略阳鸡最远，为0．2546。通过UPG—MA法聚类后，略阳鸡、沐川乌骨鸡、兴文乌骨鸡、盐津乌骨鸡、竹乡鸡首先聚为1类，江山乌骨鸡、郧阳白羽乌鸡、余干乌骨鸡聚为1类；金湖乌凤鸡、丝绒乌骨鸡和丝毛乌骨鸡聚为第3类；乌蒙乌骨鸡独为一类。 相似文献
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扁穗牛鞭草种质遗传多样性的ISSR分析 总被引：2，自引：10，他引：2
用ISSR标记对来自中国西南地区(四川、重庆、贵州)的28份扁穗牛鞭草材料的遗传多样性进行了检测。从96个ISSR引物中共筛选出13个多态性明显、反应稳定的引物。28份材料的DNA共扩增出129条谱带,平均每个引物扩增出9.9条带,多态性条带比率达84.2%。材料间遗传相似系数为0.466~0.980,表现出丰富的遗传多样性。通过聚类分析和主成分分析,将28份扁穗牛鞭草分为两大类,同一地区的扁穗牛鞭草品种(系)基本聚在同一类,呈现出一定的地域性分布规律。 相似文献
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利用随机扩增多态DNA指纹分析技术,由12个随机引物中筛选出3个具有多型的引物对28只新浦东鸡的基因组DNA指纹进行研究.结果表明3个引物共扩增出27条DNA片段,多型条带24条,其多型频率为0.593;其中H05引物扩增出DNA片段7条,其多型频率为0.259,G04引物扩增出DNA片段11条,其多型频率为0.408;V15引物扩增出DNA片段9条,其多型频率为0.333,3个引物扩增的DNA片段长度为489～1940bp.各位点的片段共享度分别是0.856,0.716和0.674;杂合度为0.549,0.695和0.727;平均百分差异为0.144,0.284和0.326;平均百分差异均值为0.251. 相似文献
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The purposes of this study were to assess the genetic variability between Taoyuan (T) and Duroc (D) pigs using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprints and to evaluate the genetic relationship to a commercial synthetic line-Taiwan Black (TB) pig (75% D, 25% T). To assess the genetic variability between T and D, 71 random primers (Operon) were used for RAPD fingerprinting by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The evaluation of the genetic relationship was based on band sharing frequency and band frequency. Thirty-five of the 71 primers (49%) could generate polymorphisms in RAPD fingerprints of T or D pigs. Twenty-two primers produced polymorphic bands from only T genomic DNA, and 14 primers could produce polymorphic bands from only D genomic DNA. These results indicated that there was some genetic difference between T and D pigs. The within-population genetic similarity (WGS) for T, D, and TB populations were 0.742, 0.747, and 0.745, respectively, the between-population genetic similarity (BGS) was 0.946 between T and TB; 0.953 between D and TB; and 0.934 between D and T. The parameters of genetic distance between T and TB; D and TB, T and D were 0.080, 0.064, and 0.096, respectively. When the values of genetic similarity and genetic distance between populations estimated as frequency of occurrence of bands showed lower genetic similarities between pig populations, but indicted similar relationship. TB was genetically more related to D than to T. It provided evidence of the usefulness of the RAPD technique to determine genetic relatedness among T, D, and TB. 相似文献
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淮南猪遗传特异性的RAPD分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
试验用150个10碱基随机引物对引入品种杜洛克猪、长白猪、大约克猪及河南地方品种淮南猪4个猪种基因组池DNA进行了RAPD分析。电泳检测结果发现,其中72个引物扩增出明显的多态性条带,共检测到911条扩增片段,其中多态性片段462条,占50.71%。统计分析结果表明,大约克猪与长白猪之间的遗传距离指数为0.0064,遗传关系最近;淮南猪与杜洛克猪、大约克猪遗传距离指数相近,分别为0.0068、0.0069,遗传关系较近;淮南猪与长白猪遗传距离指数为0.0072,遗传关系最远。结果显示,河南省地方品种淮南猪与其他引入品种之间有遗传的相似性,也存在差异,同时也证明了RAPD技术可以作为分子标记,很好地检测猪种群内的遗传变异及区分不同猪种的遗传检测方法。 相似文献
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用RAPD标记分析高羊茅的遗传多样性 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：6
采用RAPD分子标记技术对从国外引进的15个高羊茅品种的遗传多样性进行了研究。从60个随机引物中筛选出12个有效引物,它们共扩增出85条DNA带,其中59条为多态性带,占69.41%,平均每个引物扩增出多态性带4.92条;利用NTSYS-PC软件计算出的不同品种间Jaccard遗传相似系数(GS)变化范围较大,为0.373~0.932;根据得到的遗传相似性矩阵进行非加权组法(UPGMA)聚类分析,建立高羊茅品种的分子系统树状图;以相似系数0.68为标准,可将所有品种分为3类,品种翠丽和贝克各自聚为一类,其余13个品种聚成一类。 相似文献
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采用目标起始密码子多态性标记（SCoT）对目前国内种植利用的36个饲用燕麦品种进行了遗传变异结构及指纹图谱分析。结果显示,从80个SCoT引物中筛选出多态性较好、条带清晰且重复性高的引物15个,共扩增出146条条带,不同引物扩增出的多态性条带数为3~9条,平均为6.4条,多态性比率为65.75%,平均有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.46,平均Nei’s基因多样性指数为0.27,平均Shannon’s多样性指数为0.38。基于4个多态性较高的核心引物组扩增的14个位点,构建了36个燕麦品种的DNA指纹图谱,其能够将供试燕麦品种区分并准确鉴定。供试品种的DICE遗传相似性系数为0.7596~0.9507,平均值为0.8473;基于遗传相似系数的非加权组平均法（UPGMA）聚类分析结果显示,可将36个品种分为四大类,聚类与其来源的关联性不高。群体遗传结构分析表明,国外引进品种遗传组成分布均匀,有32.1%的品种具有混合来源,而国内品种分布相对集中且仅有25.0%的品种有混合来源,表明供试的国内种植利用的燕麦品种遗传基础较狭窄,来源相对单一。结果为燕麦品种的鉴定、新品种的选育等提供了理论参考。 相似文献
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Ahlawat SP Sunder J Kundu A Chatterjee RN Rai RB Kumar B Senani S Saha SK Yadav SP 《British poultry science》2004,45(2):194-200
1. The present study was conducted to estimate genetic relatedness among Nicobari fowls (Brown, Black and White) and an exotic bird (White Leghorn) using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymorphism. 2. A total of 25 decamer primers were screened among all the breeds of which 24 primers amplified the genomic DNA, generating 2000 to 200 bp bands. Ten primers generated reproducible and distinct RAPD profiles and were used for further analysis. 3. A total of 94 bands were amplified and 30 polymorphic bands (32%) were produced. The number of polymorphic loci ranged from 1 to 5 with an average of 3.0. 4. Among the native breeds Brown Nicobari showed higher genetic similarity (0.85) than Black Nicobari (0.80) and White Nicobari fowl (0.82). 5. Brown Nicobari showed high genetic similarity with Black Nicobari (0.87 +/- 0.029); least similarity was between White Nicobari and White Leghorn (0.77 +/- 0.028). 6. The RAPD profile of all Nicobari fowls on amplification with the primers PBG5 and PBA12 showed specific bands of molecular size 1050 and 785 bp, respectively. 7. The native breeds showed the least genetic distance with each other while White Leghorn appeared to be most distant from the native breeds. 相似文献
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1. Five White Leghorn (WLH) strains, namely G, H, I, J and C, differing in selection history, were screened for randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymorphism using 50 random decamer primers. 2. Only 12 primers detected polymorphism between the strains. Out of 96 bands scored using these primers, only 21 (21.9%) were found to be polymorphic. 3. Strains differed considerably for within-population genetic similarity, estimated either by band sharing (WS=0.836 to 0.968) or band frequency (WF=0.820 to 0.969). 4. Between-strain genetic similarity estimates, based on band sharing (BS) as well as on band frequency (BF) ranged from 0.756 to 0.958 and from 0.830 to 0.996, respectively. Strains C and H were most closely related to each other, while J appeared to be more distant from other strains. 5. The between-strain genetic distance estimates also revealed similar trends. 6. A phylogenetic tree, derived using Nei's coefficient of similarity revealed similar relationships between the WLH strains. 相似文献
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In this study，SCoT molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and construct DNA fingerprints of three species of Elymus on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to provide a theoretical basis for identification of the different species in collection material. Among 80 SCoT primers， 22 primers were selected for PCR amplification，and a total of 290 bands were amplified，of which 254 were polymorphic with the percentage of polymorphic bands（PPB）of 87.59%. The average values of the Shannon diversity information index（I），Nei’s gene diversity index （H），the observed number of alleles （Na），and an effective number of alleles （Ne） were 0.5411，0.3643，1.9856，and 1.6270，respectively. Cluster analysis results showed that the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.50 to 0.80. At a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.53，46 collections could be divided into 2 groups，and the results of the principal coordinate analysis were consistent with those of cluster analysis. At the same time，the DNA fingerprints of 46 materials were constructed by using 4 SCoT primers. The SCoT molecular marker was suitable for genetic diversity analysis and DNA fingerprint construction of Elymus germplasm resources. This study provides fundamental information for germplasm identification，high-quality character mining，and breeding practice for wild Elymus. © 2022 Editorial Office of Acta Prataculturae Sinica. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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采用SRAP标记对来自不同国家的49份海雀稗(Paspalum vaginatum)种质资源遗传多样性进行分析,探讨其群体结构及种质间亲缘关系,为海雀稗种质的开发利用奠定基础。结果表明:从100对引物中共筛选出20对扩增稳定、多态性好的SRAP引物,对49份种质进行PCR扩增,共扩增出169条带,其中多态性条带为118条,多态性位点百分率为69.8%。49份海雀稗种质间遗传相似系数为0.52~0.88,平均值为0.67,表明供试海雀稗种质间存在较大遗传差异。采用UPGMA聚类分析、主成分分析、群体结构分析对49份海雀稗种质进行划分,基本都分为2类,且44份材料在3种方法下均表现为较一致的分类,5份材料表现出一定程度的变异,表明此研究结果反映的种质亲缘关系基本稳定,可用于育种应用。 相似文献