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1.
不同施肥方法对鱼蚌综合养殖水体水化学的影响 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
通过155 d的围隔实验检验了不同施肥方法对鱼蚌综合养殖水体水化学的影响.鱼蚌放养种类为三角帆蚌、草鱼、鲫、鲢和鳙,鱼蚌比例为1.5∶1.施肥处理为施鸭粪(DM)、施化肥(CF)及结合施鸭粪和化肥(DC).实验期间定期采样分析水化学指标.各施肥处理间透明度(SD)、溶氧(DO)、硫酸根离子、氯离子、碳酸根离子、重碳酸根离子、钙离子(Ca2+)、镁离子(Mg2+)、总碱度、总硬度、氨态氮(TAN)、硝酸态氮(NO3-N)、亚硝酸态氮(NO2-N)、活性磷(PO4-p)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和高锰酸钾指数(CODMn)均无显著差异,但围隔CF内PO4-P/TP显著高于围隔DM,5月20日-7月18日围隔CF内pH显著低于围隔DM.随养殖时间延长,各处理围隔内SD、DO、Ca2+和Ca2 +/Mg2+呈下降趋势,但TAN、NO2-N、TN、TP和CODMn呈上升趋势.结果表明,在投喂配合饲料的基础上少量施鸭粪、化肥或结合施鸭粪和化肥不会导致鱼蚌综合养殖水体主要离子、总碱度、总硬度、TAN、NO3-N、NO2-N、PO4-P、TN、TP和CODMn含量产生显著差异.相比之下,施化肥的水体CODMn较低,PO4-P/TP较高;施鸭粪的水体CODMn较高,PO4-P/TP较低;结合施鸭粪和化肥的水体CODMn和PO4-P/TP介于施化肥和施鸭粪的水体之间.鉴于结合施鸭粪和化肥的水体珍珠产量高于单独施鸭粪或施化肥的水体,可认为该施肥措施有利于三角帆蚌生长及其珍珠囊内的珍珠质分泌. 相似文献
2.
Integrated aquaculture has been widely used for pearl production in the freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii farming in China, but the production technology has not reached the state of the art. This study explored the optimal stocking ratio of fish to mussel (fish–mussel) through a 90-day experiment conducted in land-based enclosures. The integrated system included pearl mussel, grass carp, gibel carp, silver carp and bighead carp, with four fish–mussel stocking ratios by number: 1:1 (R1), 2:1 (R2), 3:1 (R3) and 4:1 (R4). The pearl yield was higher in the R2 enclosures than in the R1 and R4 enclosures, whereas the fish yield was higher in the R3 and R4 enclosures than in the R1 and R2 enclosures. The phosphorus (P) utilization efficiency was higher in the R2, R3 and R4 enclosures than in the R1 enclosures. The wastes of nitrogen (N) and P enhanced with the increase of fish–mussel ratio. Regression analyses indicated that the fish–mussel ratio was 2.3:1 for the maximal pearl yield, and 3.6:1 for the maximal fish yield, and 1.6–2.3:1 for the minimal N waste, and 1.9–2.9:1 for the minimal P waste. This study indicated that the suitable fish–mussel stocking ratio was 2:1 in the integrated culture of H. cumingii, grass carp, gibel carp, silver carp and bighead carp. 相似文献
3.
不同施肥方法对鱼蚌综合养殖池塘浮游植物群落结构的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过155 d围隔实验检验了不同施肥条件下鱼蚌综合养殖水体中的浮游植物群落结构。实验设3个处理:施鸭粪、施化肥、兼施鸭粪和化肥。放养种类为三角帆蚌、草鱼、鲫、鲢和鳙,放养量分别为每围隔20、15、5、5和5个。结果发现,围隔内浮游植物生物量平均值为(2.1~6.0)×108个/L。不同施肥方法对浮游植物种类组成和优势种、叶绿素a(Chl.a)、生物量以及蓝藻在浮游植物生物量中的比例无显著影响。浮游植物群落变化表现出较明显的季节性特点,影响围隔浮游植物群落的理化因子为TN、NH3-N和DO。研究表明,采用不同施肥方法的围隔内浮游植物群落结构未表现出显著差异,难以从浮游植物角度解释兼施鸭粪和化肥的围隔珍珠产量高于施鸭粪或施化肥的围隔的事实,也难以确定珍珠产量与浮游植物群落结构之间存在必然的联系。 相似文献
4.
鲢鳙混养对三角帆蚌生长和养殖水质影响的围隔实验 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
2008年4月23日—9月21日通过围隔实验,研究了不同鲢鳙混养比例对三角帆蚌生长及水化学指标的影响。实验中鲢鳙混养比例设置了6个水平,分别为0/0(对照组),100/0,70/30,50/50,30/70和0/100。实验开始和结束时测量三角帆蚌湿重,壳长和壳宽。每个月上下旬测量围隔水化学指标包括NO3N、NO2N、NH3N、TN、TP、PO4P和COD。实验结果表明,鲢鳙混养比例100/0的围隔蚌壳长相对生长率显著低于混养比例0/0,50/50和0/100的围隔(P<0.05),而不同混养比例下蚌的成活率、蚌壳宽及蚌重增长均无显著差异(P>0.05)。从水质来看,混养比例30/70围隔TP显著低于100/0(P<0.05),COD显著低于100/0及70/30(P<0.05),NH3N显著低于100/0(P<0.05)以及PO4P显著低于70/30(P<0.05)。因此,综合蚌生长及水质指标,混养比例30/70围隔对三角帆蚌养殖最有利。 相似文献
5.
Yongchao Zhao Zhiyi Bai Longlong Fu Yue Liu Guiling Wang Jiale Li 《Aquaculture International》2013,21(6):1301-1310
Growth and pearl production were compared for males and females in the freshwater mussel, Hyriopis cumingii, from a full-sib family. The results indicated that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) on individual weight between male and female mussels of 1- or 2-year-old, while significant difference (p < 0.01) lay among 3- or 4-year-old mussels with male greater than female. The average shell width of the male mussels was less than that of the female individual (p < 0.05). 1- and 2-year-old males and females did not differ significantly with respect to the total weights, grain weights, or grain sizes of the pearls they produced, but these three parameters were all significantly greater in 3- and 4-year-old males (p < 0.05). The round pearl percent were similar between male and females at ages 1, 2, 3 and 4 years. Male and female mussels were separately and mixed cultured in enclosures, respectively. The rates of growth in shell width and body weight of females separated from males were 3.42 and 4.16 %, respectively, higher than in females mixed with males (p < 0.05). The total pearl weight per mussel, the average weight per pearl, and the average pearl size of females separated from males were 6.61, 7.10, and 3.59 %, respectively, greater than in females mixed with males (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the growth rate or pearl yield of males cultured with or without females (p > 0.05). Under traditional culture methods, male mussels have a better pearl performance, and artificial separation of females from males can improve the growth and pearl production of female mussels. 相似文献
6.
育珠期三角帆蚌的生长及其与珍珠增长的关系 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
通过对三角帆蚌壳长、壳宽、蚌总重（整体湿重）、内脏团湿重、壳重和珍珠重等指标在5-11月间的逐月连续测定，研究了常规养殖模式下育珠期2龄三角帆蚌在主要生长季节的生长规律及其与珍珠生长的相关性。结果表明：珍珠重(PW)与壳长(SL)、壳宽(SW)的关系分别为PW=0.0008SL3.3946 (R2=0.6948)和PW=0.7809SW1.0227 (R2=0.6888)；而珍珠重(PW)与蚌重(TW)、内脏团重(BW)和壳重(W)的关系分别为PW=0.0021TW1.5434 (R2=0.7337)，PW=0.107BW0.9125 (R2=0.7158)和PW=0.0324W1.1259 (R2=0.7101)；三角帆蚌总重(TW)与壳长(SL)、 壳宽(SW)的关系最适合用指数函数进行拟合，其关系式分别为TW=16.003e0.1681SL，(R2=0.7961)，和TW=64.311e0.1372SW (R2=0.6822)；而内脏团重(BW)和壳重(W)与壳长(SL)、壳宽(SW)的关系则适合为幂函数曲线拟合，关系式分别为BW=0.0188SL3.1427，(R2=0.6927)；W=0.0656SL2.7721, (R2=0.8271)和BW=12.446SW0.8974 (R2=0.617)；W=19.876SW0.802 (R2=0.7563)。本研究结果发现，珍珠生长与蚌总重、壳长和壳宽等外部测量指标之间的相关性显著，从而无须通过杀蚌取珠而直接通过这些外部生长指标的测定就能较好地了解珍珠的生长，更好地为珍珠养殖生产和管理提供指导。 相似文献
7.
A 74‐day experiment was conducted to evaluate the production performance and water quality variation in three types of farming system for largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. The tested aquaculture models included monoculture of largemouth bass (MC), polyculture of largemouth bass, gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (PC), and integrated culture of largemouth bass, gibel carp, silver carp and freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii (IC). The ratio of largemouth bass, gibel carp and silver carp was 30:2:1 in the PC model, and the ratio of largemouth bass, gibel carp, silver carp and mussel was 30:2:1:5 in the IC model. The largemouth bass were fed with formulated feed twice daily. No significant differences were found in weight gain and yield of largemouth bass, total fish yield, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) utilization efficiencies, N and P wastes, pH, nitrite, nitrate, reactive phosphate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, 5‐day biochemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll a, primary productivity among the MC, PC and IC models. The ammonia was lower, while the dissolved oxygen was higher in the PC tanks than in the MC tanks. These results suggest that the environment situation was better in the PC tanks relative to that in the MC tanks. The present study reveals that the PC model should be a way to optimize the aquaculture model for commercial largemouth bass farming. 相似文献
8.
The effect of four microbial products on production performance and water quality in integrated culture of freshwater pearl mussel and fishes 
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下载免费PDF全文 An 80‐day mesocosm experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of four commercial microbial products on production performance and water quality in integrated culture of freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii, grass carp, gibel carp, silver carp and bighead carp. Five treatments were tested. One treatment with non‐supplementation of microbial products served as control (C). In the other four treatments, Novozymes Pond Protect (NO), Bio‐Form BZT‐Water Reform (WR), Bacillus natto (BN) and Effective Microbes (EM) were added at the intervals of two weeks, respectively. Mussel yield declined in the tanks with supplementation of the microbial products. No significant differences were found in fish yield and chemical water quality among the treatments except total nitrogen (TN) was higher in tanks EM than in tanks C. Biomass of phytoplankton and Cyanophyta was higher in tanks NO, WR, BN and EM than in tanks C. Supplementation of the microbial products resulted in change in bacterial community in which Actinobacteria, Chlorobi, Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria dominated. Bacterial community in the tanks was significantly affected by TN, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and Cyanophyta biomass. This study reveals that the function of these microbial products as probiotics is limited in H. cumingii farming. 相似文献
9.
罗氏沼虾与三角帆蚌、鲢和鳙混养模式优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了罗氏沼虾、三角帆蚌、鲢和鳙不同混养系统的养殖产量、饲料系数、增长率、总氮(TN)/总磷(TP)利用率和综合养殖效果,以期获得最优养殖模式。采用基于陆基围隔的比较实验方法,设6个实验组,分别为罗氏沼虾单养(G),罗氏沼虾与三角帆蚌二元混养(GH2)、罗氏沼虾、鲢和鳙三元混养(GSB),罗氏沼虾、鲢、鳙和三角帆蚌按照不同密度放养的四元混养(GSBH1、GSBH2和GSBH3),各实验组设置4个重复。结果表明:GSBH2组罗氏沼虾产量最高[(14.71±0.33)kg/32 m2],显著高于G组[(12.44±0.60)kg/32 m2,P0.01];GSBH1组饲料系数最低(1.43±0.04);GSBH1组增重率最高(4.66%±0.12%),G组最低(3.80%±0.23%);TN平均相对利用率在(0.92±0.09)~(1.60±0.23)之间,GSB组最高,G组最低;TP平均相对利用率为(0.23±0.03)~(1.46±0.32),GSBH3组最高,G组最低;综合养殖效果指数在(0.91±0.02)~(1.25±0.05)之间,GSB组最高,GSBH1组次之,G组最低,且三元、四元混养组显著大于G组和GH2组(P0.05)。研究表明,混养组能显著提高罗氏沼虾养殖的经济效益和生态效益。 相似文献
10.
鲢、鳙对三角帆蚌池塘藻类影响的围隔实验 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
以浙江金华汤溪威旺养殖基地的三角帆蚌养殖水体为研究对象,通过围隔实验比较研究了单养鲢、鳙和三角帆蚌的池塘浮游植物密度、生物量和优势种(属)组成等的差异,以及养蚌池混养鲢鳙对水体浮游植物密度、生物量以及优势种变化的影响。结果表明,养蚌(10#)围隔的浮游植物平均密度和生物量均显著高于高密度鲢(12#)围隔(P<0.05),其蓝藻数量及生物量显著高于高密度鲢(12#)和低密度鳙(13#)围隔(P<0.05),绿藻数量则显著低于低密度鲢单养(11#)围隔(P<0.05)。在鱼蚌混养的情况下,单养蚌(10#)围隔浮游植物平均数量显著高于鲢-蚌混养(15#,16#)和鳙-蚌混养(17#,18#)围隔(P<0.05),其蓝藻数量及生物量极显著高于鲢-蚌混养(15#,16#)或鳙-蚌(17#,18#)围隔(P<0.01),其绿藻数量显著低于混养高密度鲢(16#)或低密度鳙(17#)的混养围隔(P<0.05)。研究结果充分说明,鲢、鳙和三角帆蚌三者对水体藻类组成的影响有别,三角帆蚌养殖池中适当混养鲢或鳙可以有效控制蓝藻(铜绿微囊藻)的生长,促进绿藻(四尾栅藻)的生长,并最终有利于三角帆蚌的养殖,混养鲢密度的增加有利于控制藻类生长,而鳙密度的增加促进了裸藻等中大型藻类的生长。 相似文献
11.
为了筛选优质的珍珠蚌插片组合,探究不同种类珍珠蚌相互插片后生长性状间的差异和相关性,以及各组合无核珍珠成珠率和大小的差异,利用三角帆蚌(S)、池蝶蚌(C)和褶纹冠蚌(Z)分别作为供片蚌和育珠蚌,获得9个育珠蚌组合,测量各育珠组合的体质量、壳长、壳高和壳宽,比较9个育珠蚌组合及3个未插片的三角帆蚌、池蝶蚌和褶纹冠蚌对照组在1年后生长性状的差异,对各生长性状相关性进行分析。测量每个育珠蚌所产无核珍珠的数量和大小,计算成珠率和圆度,分析不同组合之间无核珍珠的差异。结果显示,无核育珠手术影响珍珠蚌的生长性能,以三角帆蚌和池蝶蚌为育珠蚌的组合生长性状均优于对照组,S-S育珠组合在以三角帆蚌为育珠蚌组合内生长最优,S-C和C-C育珠组合在以池蝶蚌为育珠蚌组合中生长最优,而以褶纹冠蚌为育珠蚌的组合插片后生长性状指标均小于对照组。其中除了池蝶蚌同种插片组合(C-C育珠组合)外,其余各育珠组合壳长与体质量间相关系数均高于其他生长性状间相关系数,C-C育珠组合壳宽与体质量相关系数最大;三角帆蚌和池蝶蚌之间的插片组合（S-S、C-S、S-C和C-C育珠组合）及褶纹冠蚌同种插片组合（Z-Z育珠组合）成珠率较高(91.67%~100%)。S-S、S-C和C-C育珠组合所育珍珠较圆但珍珠大小在各育珠组合内处于中等。研究表明,无核育珠手术改变珍珠蚌的生长性能,不同育珠组合生长性能存在差异,S-S、S-C和C-C育珠组合插片后生长性能较好,成珠率高,珍珠较圆但珍珠大小在各育珠组合中处于中等,该结果为探索不同珍珠蚌生长性状差异和相关性及其所产无核珍珠成珠率、大小的比较提供重要依据。 相似文献
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三角帆蚌生长性状和内壳色与所产无核珍珠质量的相关性分析 总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2
为了研究供片蚌和育珠蚌对无核珍珠质量的影响,以三角帆蚌紫色选育系F5为材料,在插植无核珍珠前,测量了供片蚌和育珠蚌的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量等生长性状,检测了供片蚌内壳色颜色参数L、a、b、dE。经过18个月育珠,测量了育珠蚌的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量,计算其特定生长率,检测了育珠蚌内壳色颜色参数L、a、b、dE,测量了育珠蚌所产无核珍珠的颜色、大小、圆度、光泽和产珠量。结果发现,供片蚌生长性状与所产无核珍珠大小、圆度和产珠量相关性不显著(P>0.05)。供片蚌内壳色与无核珍珠颜色相关性极显著(r=-0.400~0.376,P<0.01),供片蚌dE值越大所产紫色珍珠比例越高、dE值越小所产白色珍珠比例越高。育珠蚌特定生长率与所产无核珍珠大小、光泽和产珠量相关性极显著(r=0.237~0.516,P<0.01),相关程度为体重> 壳长> 壳宽> 壳高,育珠蚌特定生长率与所产无核珍珠圆度相关性极显著(r=-0.284~-0.256,P<0.01),相关程度为壳长>体质量>壳宽>壳高。育珠蚌内壳色与所产无核珍珠颜色、大小、圆度、光泽和产珠量相关性不显著(P>0.05)。综合各性状相关性分析,改良供片蚌内壳色可以改良珍珠颜色,改良育珠蚌的生长性状可以改良珍珠大小、光泽、圆度和产珠量。 相似文献
13.
报导了三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)内脏团培育圆形有核珍珠的试验结果。结果显示:插植珠核的7362只手术蚌植核后一个月内成活率99.2%。经23个月养殖后,随机抽取50只。结果留核率达94%,成珠率为86%,其中中高档珠占37.2%。有核珍珠直径在9.4~11.6 mm之间,其中10 mm以上占88.4%。11.6%的珍珠表面有小于3 mm的凸起,未发现带扁而长尾巴的珍珠。试验表明:三角帆蚌内脏团内能培育出高品质的有核珍珠。此外还发现,脱核或核片分离的细胞小片仍可在内脏团内形成珍珠。 相似文献
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15.
诸暨养殖池塘内水环境、三角帆蚌生长与珍珠产量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2006.06.03-11.08研究了浙江省诸暨市3口蚌养殖池塘内的水温、透明度(SD)、溶氧(DO)、pH等理化因子以及三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)生长和珍珠产量。结果显示:实验期间池塘内水温平均为28℃,透明度为24~31 cm,pH为8.5~8.8,DO为6.6~7.8 mg/L,盐度为0.1,Ca2+含量为19.4~37.0 mg/L,总硬度为64.0~123.3 mg CaCO3/L,总碱度为58.4~109.4 mg CaCO3/L,TN为0.76~1.12 mg/L,TP为0.14~0.33 mg/L,TN/TP为4~8,CODMn为9.99~15.5 mg/L。经过158 d生长,池塘内育无核珠或有核珠的3龄蚌蚌壳长增加0.16~0.94 cm,蚌重增加21~61 g;育无核珠的5龄蚌蚌壳长增加0.1~0.25 cm,蚌重增加27~76 g。蚌壳和蚌重生长速度受蚌龄影响,蚌重生长速度的变化幅度往往比蚌壳大。育无核珠的3龄蚌和5龄蚌内珍珠增重分别为每蚌2.03~2.87 g和3.52~5.23 g。3龄蚌蚌壳长和蚌重生长比5龄蚌快,但珍珠产量低于后者,表明三角帆蚌珍珠产量与其蚌壳和蚌重生长速度并不完全一致。 相似文献
16.
珍珠蚌5个群体不同阶段生长性能及外部形态变异分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用温室大棚早繁技术,获得三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)选育群体、武义养殖群体、鄱阳湖、洞庭湖野生群体,池蝶蚌(Hyriopsis schlegelii)养殖群体的子代,对1龄和2龄蚌的生长性能进行分析,并利用三种多元统计分析方法对1龄蚌外部形态变异进行了研究。结果显示:珍珠蚌5个群体的养殖性能由高到低为:池蝶蚌群体选育群体鄱阳湖群体洞庭湖群体养殖群体。生长指标之间存在显著相关性,与体质量相关程度由大到小为:壳长、壳宽和壳高。1龄时,影响珍珠蚌体质量的生长指标主要为壳长,2龄时,为壳长和壳宽。珍珠蚌生长后期壳宽对体重的影响比重加大,壳高与体重的相关性降低。三种多元分析结果显示,1龄时,池蝶蚌群体与鄱阳湖群体、洞庭湖群体以及养殖群体的外部形态存在较大的相似性,综合判别率较低,选育群体外部形态较前四者存在明显差异。 相似文献
17.
不同鱼类混养组合与饲喂方式对鱼蚌综合养殖水体浮游植物群落结构的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)、草鱼(Ctenoparyngodon idellus)、银鲫(Carassius gibelio)、鲢(Hypopthalmichthys molitrix)和鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)构建鱼蚌综合养殖系统, 通过155 d围隔(面积32 m2)实验检验两种鱼类组合(草鱼+鲫+鲢+鳙或鲢+鳙)和两种饲喂方式(投喂或不投喂配合饲料)对浮游植物群落结构的影响。采用2 × 2设计, 设4个处理: GISB-F(草鱼+鲫+鲢+鳙+投喂配合饲料)、GISB-NF(草鱼+鲫+鲢+鳙+不投喂配合饲料)、SB-F(鲢+鳙+投喂配合饲料)和SB-NF(鲢+鳙+不投喂配合饲料)。每个围隔内三角帆蚌、草鱼、鲫、鲢和鳙的放养量分别为20、15、5、5和5 ind。结果表明, 各处理围隔内浮游植物生物量平均值为3.7 × 108~6.0 × 108 cell·L–1。改变鱼类组合和饲喂方式对浮游植物种类组成、优势种优势度、群落多样性、生物量以及浮游植物生物量中蓝藻的比例无显著影响, 但投喂配合饲料导致叶绿素a增加。浮游植物实验前期主要优势种为十字藻属(Crucigenia)和栅藻属(Scenedesmus)种类, 后期为平裂藻属(Merismopedia)和微囊藻属(Microcyslis)种类, 表明浮游植物群落演变具有明显的季节性特点以及优势种逐渐演化为蓝藻的规律。水温、氨态氮、总氮和高锰酸钾指数对浮游植物群落结构具有显著影响。各处理围隔内氨态氮、总氮和高锰酸钾指数均随时间延长而增加, 说明改变鱼类组合和饲喂方式不会影响围隔内蓝藻水华发生的趋势。
18.
Freshwater nucleated pearl quality is influenced by host mussel growth traits in Hyriopsis cumingii 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Hyriopsis cumingii is one of the most important freshwater pearl mussels in China. Recently, this species can produce freshwater nucleated pearls of high quality. Here, we investigated whether nucleated pearl quality is influenced by the growth traits of the host mussel or other factors like cultivation period. We implanted host mussels with a spherical nucleus consisting of a small piece of mantle tissue from donor mussels. After 24 and 36 months of culture, host mussel growth traits including body weight and shell length, height, width and weight were recorded. These factors were then correlated with the quality traits of the pearls they produced, such as nacre thickness, size, weight, lustre and colour. Results indicated pearls obtained at 36 months after seeding were significantly larger in terms of nacre thickness, size and weight compared to those harvested at 24 months. In particular, nacre thickness (r = 0.33–0.48, P = 0.00), pearl size (r = 0.39–0.43, P = 0.00) and pearl weight (r = 0.35–0.47, P = 0.00) were showed to be significantly correlated with host mussels shell length, body weight and shell weight at 24 or 36 months. Larger and heavier host mussels tended to produce bigger pearls. In contrast, host mussels did not affect pearl colour. Cumulatively, our results suggest that longer culturing times and a larger host mussel may help produce better quality nucleated pearl. This information can help guide selective breeding programs designed to improve pearl quality produced by H. cumingii. 相似文献
19.
不同混养鱼类和投喂方式对鱼蚌综合养殖水体化学特征的影响 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
选用草鱼(Ctenoparyngodon idellus)、银鲫(Carassius gibelio)、鲢(Hypopthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthysnobilis)作为本研究的混养鱼类,通过围隔实验检验了不同混养鱼类组合(草鱼+鲫+鲢+鳙或鲢+鳙)和配合饲料投喂方式(投喂或不投喂)对三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)养殖水体化学特征的影响,实验为期155 d。结果表明,实验设计的混养鱼类组合可显著影响鱼蚌综合养殖水体的Ca2+、总碱度(Alk)、总硬度(HT)和总磷(TP)水平;投喂配合饲料可显著影响Ca2+、Alk、HT、氨氮(TAN)、TP和化学耗氧量(CODMn)。采用混养组合(草鱼+鲫+鲢+鳙)且投喂配合饲料的围隔内溶氧(DO)水平和透明度(SD)较低,Ca2+、HT、TN、TP、TAN和CODMn水平较高;采用混养组合(鲢+鳙)且不投喂的围隔内DO和SD水平较高,而Ca2+、HT、TN、TP、TAN和CODMn水平较低。随养殖时间延长,各组围隔内Ca2+水平下降,TN、TP、TAN和CODMn水平升高。实验期间,DO与SD水平呈正相关;DO和SD与TAN、TN、TP、Ca2+和CODMn水平呈负相关。因此,鱼蚌综合养殖中,控制CODMn和TAN浓度,维持Ca2+稳定及较高的DO水平是水质管理的基本目标。 相似文献
20.
Xilei Li Zhiyi Bai Hongrui Luo Guiling Wang Jiale Li 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(5):1577-1585
The freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii is the most important mussel species for freshwater pearl production in China. Mussel shell color is an important indicator of pearl quality. The objective of this study was to assess whether total carotenoid content (TCC) in H. cumingii is related to shell color. TCC of different tissues (gonad, gill, hepatopancreas, kidney, axe foot, mantle, and adductor muscle) of purple and white inner-shell H. cumingii was determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The results revealed that TCC ranged from 12.91 ± 0.78 to 56.30 ± 0.74 μg/g. In general, TCC was higher in the hepatopancreas, followed by the mantle, gonad, gill, kidney, axe foot, and adductor muscle. TCC in gonad, gill, hepatopancreas, kidney, and mantle of purple mussels was significantly higher than that of white mussels. TCC in mussel tissues of H. cumingii was significantly different (P < 0.001) with respect to shell color. There were significant positive correlations between TCC in mussel mantle and shell color intensity. Future studies will assess the biological roles of carotenoids in shell color formation. 相似文献