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水稻抽穗期基因的精细定位、克隆和生物学功能分析 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
介绍了水稻抽穗期QTL研究的进展,在相同亲本日本晴/Kasalath衍生的不同类型的多个群体中,共检测到15个QTL;应用高世代回交后代,精细定位了其中8个QTL;将在初步定位时同一区间检测到的1个控制种子休眠期QTL(Sdr1)和1个抽穗期QTL (Hd8),分解为两个紧密连锁的基因;将经过精细定位表明可能具有双重功能的单个孟德尔因子Hd3,分解为两个功能不同的紧密连锁的基因Hd3a和Hd3b;根据QTL近等基因系的光周期反应以及这些座位间上位性互作的研究,明确了其中6个QTL的生物学功能;应用图位法克隆了其中3个QTL,研究了它们的表达和调控,并与拟南芥的同源基因进行比较。为水稻其他数量性状以及其他作物数量性状的遗传学研究,提供了一个范例。 相似文献
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抽穗期是决定水稻品种适应地区和季节的关键性状。水稻抽穗期QTL对产量性状和（或）株高具多效作用是个普遍现象, 但是, 除了Ghd7和DTH8（Ghd8）, 其他水稻抽穗期基因的多效性尚需进一步验证。本研究针对抽穗期基因RFT1 Hd3a所处区间和Hd1所处区间, 以珍汕97B为轮回亲本、密阳46为供体亲本, 构建了遗传背景基本一致的2个BC2F5分离群体;采用Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5进行抽穗期、株高及千粒重的QTL分析, 并根据RFT1 Hd3a下游17 kb处的连锁标记Si2944及Hd1的基因标记Si9337的基因型, 将每个群体中的纯合基因型材料分成4组, 比较其表型差异。结果表明, 这2个区间对抽穗期、株高及千粒重均呈显著作用, 它们之间不呈显著互作, 且Hd1所处区间对3个性状的作用均强于RFT1 Hd3a所处区间。 相似文献
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QTLs for heading date located in the region between Hd3a and Hd1 were detected using an F2:3 population developed from a residual heterozygous line (RHL) identified from the recombinant inbred lines of the indica rice cross Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46. Linkage in coupling phase between the heading date QTLs and QTLs for yield traits detected in a previous study was found. Four more F2:3 populations were each developed from an RHL, which were homozygous at Hd3a and Hd1 but heterozygous in a portion of the intervals flanked by Hd3a and Hd1. QTLs for grain yield per plant, number of panicles per plant, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight were detected in the heterozygous region. Five sets of near-isogenic lines (NILs) with overlapping heterogenous segments covering the interval RM6119-RM6779 were developed and used to validate and delimitate the QTLs. A QTL having a consistent effect for the number of grains per panicle was located within the interval RM19615-RM19652 that corresponded to a 514.4 kb region on chromosome 6. The same region might have pleiotropic effects on the other three yield traits analyzed, but the effects varied greatly among different populations and across different environments. This study suggests that it is possible to develop a population with little variation on heading date and to identify QTLs for yield traits that might not be associated with heading date by using information of the physical positions of DNA markers and cloned genes. 相似文献
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SHANG Hai-xuan YE Sheng-hai DENG Xiao-mei ZHOU Ya XIU Fen-lian JI Xian-jun LIU Ji-yun CHEN Ping-ping JIN Qing-sheng ZHANG Xiao-ming 《水稻科学》2012,19(4):269-276
A rice heading-date-related mutant was isolated from a 60 Co-γ-ray-induced mutation pool of Zhejing 22,a conventional japonica cultivar in Zhejiang Province,China.The mutant was characterized by a delayed heading date of almost 20 d longer than the wild type plant.Genetic analysis revealed that the mutation was controlled by a single nuclear-encoded recessive gene that was designed as HD(t)(heading date tentatively).To isolate the HD(t) gene,a map-based cloning approach was employed using 479 F 2 mutant individual plants derived from the cross between the hd(t) mutant(japonica) × Zhenshan 97(indica).Finally,the HD(t) gene was mapped to an approximate 53 kb region between the insertion and deletion(InDel) markers of 10-61W and 10-66W on chromosome 10.According to the genome sequence of Nipponbare,the target region contains 11 annotated genes.It is helpful for future cloning of HD(t) gene based on this fine mapping results. 相似文献
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从常规粳稻常优94后代中筛选到一份自然突变的抽穗期延迟的类树稻突变体lhd3（leafy head 3）。在短日照条件下,与野生型比较,lhd3突变体在生长后期,上部节间会继续长出叶片（一般为3片）和高位分蘖,类似于树的侧枝生长,抽穗期延迟,但基部分蘖数不受影响。经典遗传分析表明,lhd3与籼稻南京6号的F2群体中,正常植株与类树稻植株的分离比符合3∶1,说明此性状受单隐性基因控制。利用该群体进行图位克隆,将LHD3基因定位在水稻第1染色体短臂的两个新发展的STS标记wpla3和wpla25之间。再利用5个新发展的STS和CAPS标记,最终将该基因精细定位在WX6和CAPS1两个标记之间,物理距离约为60 kb。通过水稻基因组注释系统共预测到10个开放阅读框（ORF）。对该基因的进一步克隆将有助于阐明水稻生育期和叶原基发育调控机理。 相似文献
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基于玉米87-1综3单片段代换系的穗长QTL分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
以优良玉米自交系综3为供体、87-1为受体,利用回交和SSR标记辅助选择相结合的方法,获得了51份纯合的染色体单片段代换系(Single Segment Substitution Line,SSSL),每个SSSL内只含有一个来源于供体的染色体片段。51个代换片段不均匀分布在玉米10条染色体上,代换片段长度在1.75～172.45 cM之间,平均长度为24.44cM。覆盖玉米基因组的总长度为933.90 cM,覆盖率为40.20%。2008年在郑州利用17份SSSL材料及在三亚利用39份SSSL材料对玉米穗长进行了1年2点的表型鉴定,共检测到20个穗长QTL,加性效率百分率在-12.10%～19.18%之间。结果表明,这些单片段代换系存在较大的遗传变异,是用于玉米复杂性状的QTL鉴定、基因克隆及功能分析的理想材料。 相似文献
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籼型细胞质雄性不育系科丰A表现出早熟性,该不育系与晚籼恢复系所配组的F1都呈现不同程度的显性早熟现象。为了解该不育系显性早熟性的遗传机制,利用一整套抽穗期感光基因近等基因系EG0～EG7、ER、LR、T65、T65Eb、T65Ebm、T65m、NIL(Hd1） 和NIL(Hd4) 等对科丰A抽穗期感光基因的基因型进行了初步分析。结果表明,科丰A的抽穗期基因型为E1E1e2e2E3E3Se 1uSe 1uEf 1Ef 1,并带有感光基因E1的显性抑制基因（暂定名为Su E1）和感光基因Se 1u的隐性抑制基因（i Se 1）。分析了由该不育系配组的杂种F1表现早熟现象的原因,并探讨了科丰A所带早熟相关基因的育种利用价值。 相似文献
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Kefeng A is an early maturing indica cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line of rice. Combinations derived from Kefeng A and late maturing indica restorer lines showed dominant earliness to various extents. To understand the genetic basis of dominant earliness, the genotype of photoperiod-sensitive genes in Kefeng A was analyzed using a complete set of heading time near isogenic lines (NILs) EG0 to EG7, ER, LR, T65, T65Eb, T65Ebm, T65m, NIL(Hd1) and NIL(Hd4). Results indicated that Kefeng A contained two dominant photoperiod-sensitive alleles E1 and Se-1u on E1 and Se-1 loci, respectively, and the genotype of photoperiod-sensitivity genes for heading time in Kefeng A was E1E1e2e2E3E3Se-1uSe-1uEf-1Ef-1. Based on the detected heading time genotype, in combination with the heading time of Kefeng A and the early maturing phenomenon in its derived F1 hybrids, it is speculated that Kefeng A might carry a dominant inhibitor gene Su-E1 for the dominant photoperiod- sensitive gene E1, and a recessive inhibitor gene i-Se-1 for another dominant photoperiod-sensitive gene Se-1. The reason why F1 hybrids from Kefeng A exhibited early maturing was hereby analyzed and the breeding value of dominant earliness related genes in Kefeng A was discussed. 相似文献
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《Field Crops Research》2006,97(1):87-100
Field-based screens for genetic variation in reproductive-stage drought tolerance are often confounded by genetic variation in root depth, flowering date and biomass at flowering. To reduce these confounding effects and to impose drought stress more precisely, we grew contrasting genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in shallow containers of flooded soil. When water was withheld from the shallow-rooted indica genotype IR64 for 6 days starting at −17, −7, 0, 10 and 20 days after heading (DAH), the impact on grain yield was greatest at −7 and 0DAH. The most sensitive yield component was filled grain percentage (spikelet fertility). Data on yield and spikelet fertility were also obtained for another shallow-rooted lowland indica (BRRI Dhan 31) and two deep-rooted upland tropical japonicas (Azucena and Moroberekan). Compared with well-watered controls, withholding of water for 6 days reduced spikelet fertility by ∼80% in IR64, BRRI Dhan 31 and Azucena but by 22% in Moroberekan. In a detailed comparison, water was withheld from IR64 for 5 days and from Moroberekan for 6 days, starting 3 days before the heading date of well-watered controls. Under these stress conditions, heading was delayed for 4 days in IR64 and 6 days in Moroberekan. Spikelet fertility in the top four rachis branches was reduced by 80% in IR64 and 16% in Moroberekan, a difference attributable principally to reduced anther dehiscence and lower stigma pollen density in IR64. Two properties of Moroberekan may contribute to high anther dehiscence after stress/re-watering: (i) constitutively superior development of fibrous structures in the endothecium at the anther apex and base and (ii) better maintenance of pollen size. All ovaries of Moroberekan received pollen—an average of 60 grains in well-watered plants and 42 grains in stressed/re-watered plants. In well-watered IR64, all ovaries received an average of 31 grains, whereas in stressed/re-watered IR64, 67% of ovaries received no pollen and the remainder received an average of eight grains. Moroberekan may, therefore, be a source of reproductive-stage drought tolerance through genes that maintain anther dehiscence during recovery from low water status. 相似文献
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水稻品种桂朝2号抽穗期的基因型分析 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
应用抽穗期感光基因型明确的秋光（e1e1 e2e2e3e3 Se1eSe1e）、越光 (E1E1E2E2e3e3Se1eSe1e）、日本晴（E1E1e2e2e3e3Se1Se1）和日光（E1E1 E2E2 e3e3Se1Se1）作鉴别品种,分析了中籼水稻品种桂朝2号的抽穗期基因型。结果表明桂朝2号的抽穗期感光基因型为E1E1e2e2E3E3Se1tSe1tiSe1 iSe1, Se1t可能是Se1位点中的一个新的显性感光基因,其效应小于Se1n和Se1u。进一步用抽穗期QTL近等基因系NIL（Hd1）、NIL（Hd2）和NIL（Hd5）进行的实验也验证了桂朝2号存在显性的主效感光基因Se1t及hd2, hd2基因可能与隐性感光抑制基因iSe1等位,其功能是抑制显性主效感光基因Se1t的表达。 相似文献
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【目的】水稻的抽穗期是决定水稻产量及其适用性的重要农艺性状之一,是由多基因控制的数量性状。染色体片段代换系减少了个体间遗传背景的干扰,已经成为定位和克隆复杂性状QTL的重要材料。【方法】本研究以9311为受体,日本晴为供体构建的128个重测序的染色体片段代换系群体为试验材料,利用多元回归,结合Bin-map图谱,【结果】鉴定到6个在南京、扬州不同年份间稳定表达的抽穗期QTL,其中,qHD2.1被定位在第2染色体上的759 848 bp区间内;qHD2.2被定位在第2染色体上的45 286 bp区间内;qHD 3.1被定位在第3染色体上的147 931 bp区间内;qHD5.1被定位在第5染色体上的213 351 bp区间内;qHD5.2被定位在第5染色体上的442 305 bp区间内;qHD8.1被定位在第8染色体上的538 176 bp区间内。【结论】本研究为精细定位并克隆相应QTL,进而探明抽穗期QTL的分子调控机制奠定了基础。 相似文献
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ZHANG Hong-jun ;Qu Li-jun ;XIANG Chao ;WANG Hui ;XIA Jia-fa ;LI Ze-fu ;GAO Yong-ming ;SHI Ying-yao 《水稻科学》2014,21(4):201-209
Abnormal heading in hybrid rice production has caused great economic loss in recent years,but the genetic basis of this phenomenon remains elusive.In this study,we developed four testcross populations using 38 introgression lines(ILs)from Shuhui 527(SH527)/Fuhui 838(FH838)//SH527population as male parents and four male sterile lines(MSLs;namely II-32A,Xieqingzao A,Gang 46A and Jin 23A)as female parents.Progeny testing allowed us to identify 55 abnormal heading combinations in Hefei,but had late heading date in Hangzhou and Guangzhou of China.By one-and two-way analysis of variance,a total of 21 QTLs and 31 pairs of epistatic QTLs associated with photosensitivity were identified in the four populations,respectively.Genotypic analysis showed that the IL parent of most abnormal heading combinations showed some introgressions at markers RM331 and RM3395 on chromosome 8(strongly associated with the known genes OsHAP3H/DTH8/Ghd8/LHD1)of donor FH838alleles,and these two markers were also identified as affecting photosensitivity.The observation that the recipient parent(SH527),donor parent(FH838),their testcross combinations with four MSLs,and the IL parents of abnormal heading combinations had normal heading date in Hefei suggested that OsHAP3H/DTH8/Ghd8/LHD1 showed no independent regulation on abnormal heading in the abnormal heading combinations.It is noteworthy that complex epistasis among RM331 or RM3395 with other loci,including dominant×additive,additive×dominant,and dominant×dominant epistases,were identified only in the four testcross populations of the current study,but not in the SH527/FH838//SH527 population,suggesting the cause of abnormal heading in abnormal heading combinations in Hefei and delayed heading in Hangzhou and Guangzhou. 相似文献
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水稻叶挺长发育动态的QTL分析 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
采用条件复合区间作图法,分析籼型品种IR64和粳型品种Azucena为亲本的DH群体,对不同时期的叶挺伸长动态进行了QTL定位。检测到各时期影响叶挺长的非条件QTLs。随着叶挺的伸长,解释叶挺表型变异的所有非条件QTLs贡献率逐渐增加,到测定末期QTL的贡献率达到90.0%。条件QTL分析表明,Hls 1-2、Hls 3-3、Hls 2和Hls 4等位点的基因表达,在8月18日至9月7日和9月7日至9月17日两个时段较为活跃,与DH群体的拔节盛期和抽穗盛期相吻合。 相似文献
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Chen Wei Cai Yicong Shakeel Ahmad Wang Yakun An Ruihu Tang Shengjia Guo Naihui Wei Xiangjin Tang Shaoqing Shao Gaoneng Jiao Guiai Xie Lihong Hu Shikai Sheng Zhonghua Hu Peisong 《水稻科学》2022,29(3):237-246
NRL3 is essential for the growth and development of rice leaves. In this study, we found that the loss function of NRL3 also delayed heading date under natural long daylight and short daylight conditions. The yeast two-hybrid and the bimolecular fluorescence complementation proved that NRL3 interacts with OsK4, a Snf1-related kinase. OsK4 localized to the nucleus and expressed in various rice tissues. The rhythmic expression pattern of OsK4 was similar to NRL3 under long daylight and short daylight conditions. Knock-out mutants of OsK4 exhibited early heading under long daylight conditions, indicating that it acts as a negative regulator of heading date in rice. Interestingly, the OsK4 mutant under the nrl3 mutant background rescued the late heading phenotype of nrl3 under long daylight conditions, suggesting that OsK4 functions downstream of NRL3. Moreover, both NRL3 and OsK4 controlled heading date through regulating the expression of Hd3a and RFT1 genes. These findings shed light on the heading date regulation in rice and provide a sound theoretical base to improve regional adaptability of rice. 相似文献
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Hiroko Yamane Tomoko Ito Harumi Ishikubo Masaki Fujisawa Harumi Yamagata Kozue Kamiya Yukiyo Ito Masao Hamada Hiroyuki Kanamori Hiroshi Ikawa Yuichi Katayose Jianzhong Wu Takuji Sasaki Takashi Matsumoto 《Rice》2009,2(1):56-66
Heading date determines rice’s adaptation to its area and cropping season. We analyzed the molecular evolution of the Hd6 quantitative trait locus for photoperiod sensitivity in a total of 20 cultivated varieties and wild rice species and found 74 polymorphic sites within its coding region (1,002 bp), of which five were nonsynonymous substitutions. Thus, natural mutations and modifications of the coding region of Hd6 within the genus Oryza have been suppressed during its evolution; this is supported by low Ka (≤0.003) and Ka/Ks (≤0.576) values between species, indicating purifying selection for a protein-coding gene. A nonsynonymous substitution detected in the japonica variety “Nipponbare” (a premature stop codon and nonfunctional allele) was found within only some local Japanese japonica varieties, which suggests that this point mutation happened recently, probably after the introduction of Chinese rice to Japan, and is likely involved in rice adaptation to high latitudes. Phylogenetic analysis and genome divergence using the entire Hd6 genomic region confirmed the current taxonomic sections of Oryza and supported the hypothesis of independent domestication of indica and japonica rice. 相似文献
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以广陆矮4号为受体,日本晴为供体的85个染色体单片段代换系群体为试验材料,通过单因素方差分析和Dunnett多重比较,测验单片段代换系与广陆矮4号之间抽穗期的差异,对代换片段上抽穗期相关的QTL进行了定位。以P≤0.001为阈值,在南京和海南不同温光条件下共定位到40个抽穗期相关的QTL。其中,21个QTL在2个环境中均被检测到;15个QTL只在南京环境中被检测到;4个QTL只在海南环境中被检测到。南京环境中定位到的36个抽穗期相关QTL,其加性效应值变化范围为2.8d~15.7d,加性效应百分率变化范围为3.8%~21.1%;海南环境中定位到的25个抽穗期相关QTL,加性效应值变化范围为1.8d~12.1d,加性效应百分率变化范围为1.7%~11.3%。这些QTL的定位,为进一步精细定位并克隆相应主效QTL和优异品种特定环境下的生育期改良奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Daisuke Fujita Rizza E. Santos Leodegario A. Ebron Mary J. Telebanco-Yanoria Hiroshi Kato Sohei Kobayashi Yusaku Uga Etsuko Araki Toshiyuki Takai Hiroshi Tsunematsu Tokio Imbe Gurdev S. Khush Darshan S. Brar Yoshimichi Fukuta Nobuya Kobayashi 《Field Crops Research》2009,114(2):244-254
A total of 334 introgression lines (INLs: BC3-derived lines) derived from crosses between a recurrent parent of Indica rice cultivar IR64 and 10 donor parents, including new plant type (NPT) lines IR65600-87-2-2-3, IR65598-112-2, IR65564-2-2-3, IR69093-41-2-3-2, IR69125-25-3-1-1, Hoshiaoba, IR66215-44-2-3, IR68522-10-2-2, IR71195-AC1, and IR66750-6-2-1, have been developed. These INLs with IR64 genetic background were characterized for eight agronomic traits: days to heading, culm length, leaf width, leaf length, panicle length, panicle number, 100-grain weight, and total spikelet number per panicle at the International Rice Research Institute from 2005 to 2007. To identify introgressed segments from the donor parents, genotypes of the 334 INLs were detected using more than 200 polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers. These segments detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 were commonly introgressed across the INLs from more than four donor varieties. Based on the data of phenotype and genotype for the 334 INLs, associations between agronomic traits and introgressed chromosomal segments in the 334 INLs were investigated. A total of 54 regions for the eight traits were detected: seven regions for days to heading, eight regions for culm length, eight regions for leaf width, four regions for leaf length, six regions for panicle length, three regions for panicle number per plant, seven regions for 100-grain weight, and 11 regions for total spikelet number per panicle. Among them, the region on the long arm of chromosome 4 was associated with characteristics of the NPT such as long leaf, broad leaf, and high spikelet number. The developed 334 INLs with the IR64 genetic background will be useful materials for genetic analysis of agronomic traits. 相似文献
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为探究南方稻区优质晚粳稻适宜的断水及收获时期,2014~2015年以常规粳稻镇稻11号及籼粳杂交稻甬优2640为材料,探讨了不同断水时间(抽穗后28、35、42、49 d)、不同收获时期(抽穗后35、40、45、50、55 d)对晚粳稻籽粒充实度、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:在本试验条件下,每延迟1 d断水,镇稻11号及甬优2640产量分别增加21~23 kg/hm^2及31~35 kg/hm^2;每延迟1 d收获,两个品种产量分别增加63~66 kg/hm^2及102~104kg/hm^2。断水(或收获)时期延迟,晚粳稻出糙率、精米率及整精米率增加,垩白粒率及垩白度降低,胶稠度及直链淀粉含量增加。抽穗后42~49 d断水或抽穗后50~55 d收获,晚粳稻产量及千粒重差异均不显著,稻米品质也差异不显著。可见,在江西中部稻区,晚粳稻抽穗后42~49 d断水及抽穗后50~55 d收获较适宜。 相似文献