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New method for detecting cellular transforming genes 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
D G Blair C S Cooper M K Oskarsson L A Eader G F Vande Woude 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,218(4577):1122-1125
Tumor induction in athymic nude mice can be used to detect dominant transforming genes in cellular DNA. Mouse NIH 3T3 cells freshly transfected with either cloned Moloney sarcoma proviral DNA or cellular DNA's derived from virally transformed cells induced tumors when injected into athymic nu/nu mice. Tumors were also induced by cells transfected with DNA from two tumor-derived and one chemically transformed human cell lines. The mouse tumors induced by human cell line DNA's contained human DNA sequences, and DNA derived from these tumors was capable of inducing both tumors and foci on subsequent transfection. Tumor induction in nude mice represents a useful new method for the detection and selection of cells transformed by cellular oncogenes. 相似文献
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An active cellular oncogene was demonstrated in hepatocellular neoplasms arising spontaneously in 24-month-old B6C3F1 mice. DNA isolated from the tumorous tissue and transfected into NIH 3T3 cells showed an 82 percent (9 of 11 animals) frequency of foci induction. In contrast, DNA isolated from the surrounding nontumorous hepatic tissue from the same animals and DNA from other 24-month-old B6C3F1 mice without tumors did not cause transformation in the NIH 3T3 cell assay. This strain of mouse is used extensively in carcinogen bioassays, and the observed high frequency of transformation (82 percent, compared to 10 to 20 percent in humans) supports the concept that the B6C3F1 mouse is hypersusceptible to liver tumor development. It also emphasizes the need to further understand the mechanisms of oncogene activation in animals used for long-term studies of toxicity and oncogenicity before evaluating potential human risk. 相似文献
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The CML-specific P210 bcr/abl protein, unlike v-abl, does not transform NIH/3T3 fibroblasts 总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32
The v-abl oncogene of the Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) is known to efficiently transform NIH/3T3 fibroblasts in vitro and to cause an acute lymphosarcoma in susceptible murine hosts. The role of its relative, the bcr/abl gene product, in the etiology of human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) remains speculative. To assess the transforming properties of the bcr/abl gene product, complementary DNA clones encoding the CML-specific P210 bcr/abl protein were expressed in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. In contrast to the v-abl oncogene product P160, the P210 bcr/abl gene product did not transform NIH/3T3 cells. Cell lines were isolated that expressed high levels of the P210 bcr/abl protein but were morphologically normal. During the course of these experiments, a transforming recombinant of bcr/abl was isolated which fuses gag determinants derived from helper virus to the NH2-terminus of the bcr/abl protein. This suggests that a property of viral gag sequences, probably myristylation-dependent membrane localization, must be provided to bcr/abl for it to transform fibroblasts. 相似文献
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Oncogene-induced transformation of C3H 10T1/2 cells is enhanced by tumor promoters 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
The tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate and teleocidin markedly enhanced the transformation of C3H 10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts when these cells were transfected with the cloned human bladder cancer c-rasH oncogene. Transfection studies with the drug resistance marker gpt and time course studies indicate that this enhancement is not simply an effect on the process of DNA transfection. These findings, together with parallel studies with NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, also indicate that the competence of animal cells for DNA transfection is a function of the recipient cell line, the transfected marker, and the growth conditions. Our findings suggest that during multistage carcinogenesis tumor promoters may complement the function of activated cellular oncogenes. 相似文献
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A transforming ras gene in tumorigenic guinea pig cell lines initiated by diverse chemical carcinogens 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
S Sukumar S Pulciani J Doniger J A DiPaolo C H Evans B Zbar M Barbacid 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4641):1197-1199
Fetal guinea pig cells were transformed by treatment with four different chemical carcinogens including nitroso compounds and polycyclic hydrocarbons. As a consequence of this treatment, oncogenes capable of transforming NIH/3T3 cells became activated in each of five independently established clonal guinea pig cell lines. Molecular characterization of representative NIH/3T3 transformants revealed that the same oncogene was present in each of the cell lines tested. Moreover, detection of this transforming gene paralleled the acquisition of tumorigenic properties by these neoplastic cells. 相似文献
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Interferon-beta-related DNA is dispersed in the human genome 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
A D Sagar P B Sehgal L T May M Inouye D L Slate L Shulman F H Ruddle 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4642):1312-1315
Interferon-beta 1 (IFN-beta 1) complementary DNA was used as a hybridization probe to isolate human genomic DNA clones lambda B3 and lambda B4 from a human genomic DNA library. Blot-hybridization procedures and partial nucleotide sequencing revealed that lambda B3 is related to IFN-beta 1 (and more distantly to IFN-alpha 1). Analyses of DNA obtained from a panel of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids that were probed with DNA derived from lambda B3 showed that lambda B3 is on human chromosome 2. Similar experiments indicated that lambda B4 is not on human chromosomes 2, 5, or 9. The finding that DNA related to the IFN-beta 1 gene (and IFN-alpha 1 gene) is dispersed in the human genome raises new questions about the origins of the interferon genes. 相似文献
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High-resolution mapping of human chromosome 11 by in situ hybridization with cosmid clones 总被引：133，自引：0，他引：133
P Lichter C J Tang K Call G Hermanson G A Evans D Housman D C Ward 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,247(4938):64-69
Cosmid clones containing human DNA inserts have been mapped on chromosome 11 by fluorescence in situ hybridization under conditions that suppress signal from repetitive DNA sequences. Thirteen known genes, one chromosome 11-specific DNA repeat, and 36 random clones were analyzed. High-resolution mapping was facilitated by using digital imaging microscopy and by analyzing extended (prometaphase) chromosomes. The map coordinates established by in situ hybridization showed a one to one correspondence with those determined by Southern (DNA) blot analysis of hybrid cell lines containing fragments of chromosome 11. Furthermore, by hybridizing three or more cosmids simultaneously, gene order on the chromosome could be established unequivocally. These results demonstrate the feasibility of rapidly producing high-resolution maps of human chromosomes by in situ hybridization. 相似文献
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The human homologs of the raf (mil) oncogene are located on human chromosomes 3 and 4 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
T Bonner S J O'Brien W G Nash U R Rapp C C Morton P Leder 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4631):71-74
Two human genes that are homologous to both the murine transforming gene (oncogene) v-raf and the chicken transforming gene v-mil have been mapped by means of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids to human chromosomes previously devoid of known oncogenes. One gene, c-raf-2, which appears to be a processed pseudogene, is located on chromosome 4. The other gene, c-raf-1, which appears to be the active gene, is located on chromosome 3 and has been regionally mapped by chromosomal in situ hybridization to 3p25. This assignment correlates with specific chromosomal abnormalities associated with certain human malignancies. 相似文献
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Repression of rearranged mu gene and translocated c-myc in mouse 3T3 cells X Burkitt lymphoma cell hybrids 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
K Nishikura A ar-Rushdi J Erikson E DeJesus D Dugan C M Croce 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,224(4647):399-402
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Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen 总被引：324，自引：0，他引：324
D W Leung G Cachianes W J Kuang D V Goeddel N Ferrara 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4935):1306-1309
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was purified from media conditioned by bovine pituitary folliculostellate cells (FC). VEGF is a heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells that is able to induce angiogenesis in vivo. Complementary DNA clones for bovine and human VEGF were isolated from cDNA libraries prepared from FC and HL60 leukemia cells, respectively. These cDNAs encode hydrophilic proteins with sequences related to those of the A and B chains of platelet-derived growth factor. DNA sequencing suggests the existence of several molecular species of VEGF. VEGFs are secreted proteins, in contrast to other endothelial cell mitogens such as acidic or basic fibroblast growth factors and platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor. Human 293 cells transfected with an expression vector containing a bovine or human VEGF cDNA insert secrete an endothelial cell mitogen that behaves like native VEGF. 相似文献
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Properties of a normal mouse cell DNA sequence (sarc) homologous to the src sequence of Moloney sarcoma virus 总被引：102，自引：0，他引：102
M Oskarsson W L McClements D G Blair J V Maizel G F Vande Woude 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,207(4436):1222-1224
A 15.0-kilobase (kb) Eco RI DNA fragment from normal mouse Balb/c genomic DNA that contains sequences (sarc) homologous to the acquired cell sequences (src) of Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV) has been cloned in phage lambda. The sarc region (1.2 to 1.3 kb) of the 15.0-kb cell fragment is indistinguishable from the src region of two isolates of MSV as judged by heteroduplex and restriction endonuclease analyses. The cellular sequences flanking sarc show no homology to other MSV sequences. Whereas cloned subgenomic portions of MSV that contain src transformed NIH-3T3 cells in vitro, the cloned sarc fragment is inactive. 相似文献
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Interphase and metaphase resolution of different distances within the human dystrophin gene 总被引：38，自引：0，他引：38
Fluorescence in situ hybridization makes possible direct visualization of single sequences not only on chromosomes, but within decondensed interphase nuclei, providing a potentially powerful approach for high-resolution (1 Mb and below) gene mapping and the analysis of nuclear organization. Interphase mapping was able to extend the ability to resolve and order sequences up to two orders of magnitude beyond localization on banded or unbanded chromosomes. Sequences within the human dystrophin gene separated by less than 100 kb to 1 Mb were visually resolved at interphase by means of standard microscopy. In contrast, distances in the 1-Mb range could not be ordered on the metaphase chromosome length. Analysis of sequences 100 kb to 1 Mb apart indicates a strong correlation between interphase distance and linear DNA distance, which could facilitate a variety of gene-mapping efforts. Results estimate chromatin condensation up to 1 Mb and indicate a comparable condensation for different cell types prepared by different techniques. 相似文献
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Isolation of single-copy human genes from a library of yeast artificial chromosome clones 总被引：70，自引：0，他引：70
B H Brownstein G A Silverman R D Little D T Burke S J Korsmeyer D Schlessinger M V Olson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,244(4910):1348-1351
A recently developed cloning system based on the propagation of large DNA molecules as linear, artificial chromosomes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides a potential method of cloning the entire human genome in segments of several hundred kilobase pairs. Most application of this system will require the ability to recover specific sequences from libraries of yeast artificial chromosome clones and to propagate these sequences in yeast without alterations. Two single-copy genes have now been cloned from a library of yeast artificial chromosome clones that was prepared from total human DNA. Multiple, independent isolates were obtained of the genes encoding factor IX and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2. The clones, which ranged in size from 60 to 650 kilobases, were stable on prolonged propagation in yeast and appear to contain faithful replicas of human DNA. 相似文献
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Molecular analysis of the hotspot of recombination in the murine major histocompatibility complex 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
Biological and serological assays have been used to define four subregions for the I region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in the order I-A, I-B, I-J, and I-E. The I-J subregion presumably encodes the I-J polypeptide of the elusive T-cell suppressor factors. Restriction enzyme site polymorphisms and DNA sequence analyses of the I region from four recombinant mouse strains were used to localize the putative I-B and I-J subregions to a 1.0-kilobase (kb) region within the E beta gene. Sequencing this region from E beta clones derived from the two mouse strains: B10.A(3R), I-Jb and B10.A(5R), I-Jk initially used to define the I-J subregion revealed that these regions are identical, hence the distinct I-Jb and I-Jk molecules cannot be encoded by this DNA. In addition, the DNA sequence data also refute the earlier mapping of the I-B subregion. Analysis of the DNA sequences of three parental and four I region recombinants reveals that the recombinant events in three of the recombinant strains occurred within a 1-kb region of DNA, supporting the proposition that a hotspot for recombination exists in the I region. The only striking feature of this hotspot is a tetramer repeat (AGGC)n that shows 80 percent homology to the minisatellite sequence which may facilitate recombination in human chromosomes. 相似文献
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Gene for T-cell growth factor: location on human chromosome 4q and feline chromosome B1 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
L J Seigel M E Harper F Wong-Staal R C Gallo W G Nash S J O'Brien 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4632):175-178
T-cell growth factor (TCGF) or interleukin-2 (IL-2), an immunoregulatory lymphokine, is produced by lectin- or antigen-activated mature T lymphocytes and in a constitutive manner by certain T-cell lymphoma cell lines. By means of a molecular clone of human TCGF and DNA extracted from a panel of somatic cell hybrids (rodent cells X normal human lymphocytes), the TCGF structural gene was identified on human chromosome 4. In situ hybridization of the TCGF clone to human chromosomes resulted in significant labeling of the midportion of the long arm of chromosome 4, indicating that the TCGF gene was located at band q26-28. Genomic DNA from a panel of hybrids prepared with HUT-102 B2 cells was examined with the same molecular clone. In this clone of cells, which produces human T-cell leukemia virus, the TCGF gene was also located on chromosome 4 and was apparently not rearranged. The homologous TCGF locus in the domestic cat was assigned to chromosome B1 by using a somatic cell hybrid panel that segregates cat chromosomes. Linkage studies as well as high-resolution G-trypsin banding indicate that this feline chromosome is partially homologous to human chromosome 4. 相似文献
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[目的]建立Toll样受体3(TLR3)基因缺失的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7细胞系,为探索狂犬病毒感染机体过程中TLR3在固有免疫反应中的作用机制提供理论依据.[方法]采用Golden Gate Kit试剂盒组装转录激活样效应因子核酸酶(TALEN)打靶载体pTALEN-TLR3,经酶切和测序验证其连接正确后,通过脂质体瞬时转染RAW264.7细胞,转染后提取细胞DNA,用T7核酸内切酶酶切验证TALEN质粒剪切活性.[结果]TALENs左右臂分两部分连接,首先完成A、B部分的各自连接,然后分别将T1LA与T1LB、T1RA与T1RB、T2LA与T2LB、T2RA与T2RB连接,TALEN模块经过两次连接后的PCR鉴定结果显示,T1L、T1R和T2L的4个克隆均呈阳性,T2R有3个克隆呈阳性.T2L和T2R质粒共转染RAW264.7细胞后提取DNA为模板,经PCR扩增后用T7核酸内切酶进行酶切,酶切后的DNA电泳结果显示TALEN2剪切活性较强,共获得3条条带(931、555和376 bp).TALEN打靶载体pTALEN-TLR3转染RAW264.7细胞24 h后用胰酶进行消化,并加入800μg/mL G418进行筛选,7 d后获得细胞单克隆;挑选阳性细胞克隆进行T7核酸内切酶酶切鉴定及测序,结果发现4-1和4-40号细胞克隆为双敲细胞系,均缺失7 bp的核苷酸碱基,为非3整数倍碱基缺失,可造成后续基因移码突变,使细胞基因功能失活.[结论]通过TALEN技术可成功构建TLR3基因双敲除的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7TLR3-/-细胞系,且可用于狂犬病毒感染细胞后细胞因子和TLR3间的关系研究. 相似文献
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目的：分离并鉴定高低转移表型不同的人鼻咽癌细胞株差异表达cDNA序列,了解鼻咽癌转移抑制基因或具有抑制活性的核苷酸序列。方法：以具有高低转移潜能不同的人鼻咽癌细胞株为研究对象,应用抑制消减杂交技术（suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH）和T／A克隆法构建差异表达cDNA消减文库,对差异表达的cDNA进行测序和生物信息学分析。结果：成功构建人鼻咽癌细胞克隆株差异表达cDNA消减文库,从随机测序10个克隆中获得6个在低转移鼻咽癌细胞株中高表达cDNA序列,它们都与已知的人类基因片段具有高度同源性。结论：应用抑制消减杂交技术,从一对具有高低转移表型差异的鼻咽癌细胞株中获得6条可能与肿瘤转移抑制相关的cDNA序列,它们可能在维持肿瘤细胞的稳定和抑制肿瘤转移中起重要作用。 相似文献