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非洲猪瘟血清学诊断靶点的研究进展 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
非洲猪瘟（African swine fever,ASF）是一种由非洲猪瘟病毒（African swine fever virus,ASFV）引起的猪高致死性传染病。ASFV编码蛋白p30、p54和p72等具有较高的免疫原性,且部分氨基酸序列较为保守,常被作为血清学诊断靶点,用于评价ASF不同阶段或发病程度的抗体水平变化,ASF血清学诊断靶点相关深入研究有助于其感染检测、致病机制和机体免疫系统反应等探究。本文系统阐述用于ASF血清学诊断的主要候选蛋白及其靶点的检测应用进展,并分析候选靶点的抗原表位（区域）及其抗体结合的特点,探讨其作为ASF血清学诊断新靶点的应用潜力。 相似文献
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一种用于非洲猪瘟病毒检测的PCR方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)VP72基因设计引物,建立一种检测非洲猪瘟病毒的PCR方法。应用本研究所建立的方法与OIE参考的方法进行比较,并对参考实验室提供的非洲猪瘟病毒17个分离株的基因组以及本实验室收集的野外样品进行检测。结果显示:本研究设计的引物具有良好的特异性,与猪的其他病原没有交叉反应;其敏感性与OIE参考的方法相当;所建立的PCR方法能够成功扩增非洲猪瘟病毒17个分离株的基因组,野外样品检测均为阴性。根据上述研究结果,本研究所建立的方法具有很好的应用性,能够用于非洲猪瘟疫病的诊断以及防控。 相似文献
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非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)引起的猪的急性、热性、高度接触性传染病,急性病例的发病率和死亡率几乎达100%。世界动物卫生组织将ASF列为法定报告动物疫病,中国将其列为一类动物疫病。当前中国ASF疫情防控形势十分严峻,且尚无有效的疫苗及其他防治制剂,因此执行严格的卫生措施及监测病原和抗体,进而排查和清除带毒动物是ASF防控的重要措施。笔者就ASFV诊断标识出发,总结了近年来ASF病原检测与血清学监测技术的最新研究进展。抗原检测方面,在PCR基础上发展的多种等温扩增技术如重组酶聚合酶扩增技术、交叉引物扩增技术、环介导等温扩增技术及微滴数字PCR从不同方面克服了常规PCR的缺陷,实时荧光定量PCR检测方法具有速度快、准确、结果客观和可定量基因组含量等优点,新型CRISPR/Cas12a技术无需昂贵的仪器,可为ASFV的检测提供一种更加便携、简单、灵敏和特异性强的新型替代方法;抗体检测方面,基于酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、免疫层析技术和间接免疫荧光试验等的检测方法灵敏度和特异性也有不同程度的提高。 相似文献
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The 'sand tampan', Ornithodoros savignyi, is susceptible to oral infection with African swine fever (ASF) virus in the laboratory. Infected ticks can transmit the virus transstadially and are able to maintain it for at least 106 days. Transmission of ASF virus by infected ticks to healthy pigs was achieved on five separate occasions between 50 and 106 days after infection. Pigs infected in this way developed typical acute African swine fever. The distribution of O savignyi in Africa suggests that this tick could be a natural field vector of ASF. 相似文献
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African Swine Fever: Application of Immunoelectroosmophoresis for the Detection of Antibody 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 Thirty-three pigs in three groups of nineteen, ten, and four pigs were infected with three different African swine fever (ASF) virus isolates, respectively. All virus isolates were attenuated to varying degrees by passaging in cell cultures, and they retained sufficiently low virulence to produce subacute and chronic infections in pigs. Sera collected at various intervals were tested for antibody activity by the immunoelectroosmophoresis, agar gel diffusion precipitin, and complement-fixation tests using a modified Kolmer technique. Results clearly indicated that the immunoelectroosmophoresis test is a rapid (30 minute) and accurate method with extreme sensitivity and superior to the complement-fixation and agar gel diffusion precipitin tests in detecting antibody against ASF virus. Possible use of this method in detecting ASF virus infection is suggested. 相似文献
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Ciza A. Mushagalusa Eric Etter Mary-Louise Penrith 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2021,88(1)
The article reviews the outbreaks and distribution of African swine fever (ASF) in South Africa since the first probable outbreak that occurred in the Koedoesrand Ward in 1926. Retrospective data on the ASF outbreaks in South Africa were obtained from the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) disease database and the South African veterinary services annual reports in addition to published articles and online sources. South Africa has experienced many outbreaks that can be divided into 2 time periods: the period before the development of the OIE diseases database (1993) and the period after. More than 141 outbreaks of ASF were reported during the first period. Since the development of OIE disease database, 72 outbreaks directly involving 2968 cases, 2187 dead and 2358 killed pigs mainly in smallholder pig farms were reported. The median number of cases for a given ASF outbreak is 17, but in 50% of outbreaks no pigs were killed for prevention. The most important ASF outbreak was reported in April 2014 in the Greater Zeerust district (North West province) involving 326 cases and 1462 killed pigs. However, the outbreak with highest mortality involving 250 pigs was reported in 2016 (Free State province). According to phylogenetic analysis, nine p72 genotypes (I, III, IV, VII, VIII, XIX, XX, XXI and XXII) have been identified in South Africa. Season-wise, more outbreaks were recorded during summer. It was also observed that the OIE disease database could contain errors that would have been introduced through compiled forms at country level. Spatiotemporal studies on ASF outbreaks in South Africa are therefore required in order to assess statistically and quantitatively the clustering of outbreaks over space and time. 相似文献
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The present study describes assessment of sanitary measures in piggeries of Benue State, Nigeria, to identify the risk factors of African swine fever. Questionnaires were distributed to 74 respondents consisting of piggery owners and attendants in different piggeries across 12 local government areas (LGAs) to collect data for this study. Sanitary measures in piggeries were observed to be generally very poor, though respondents admitted being aware of ASF. Piggeries located within 1-km radius of a slaughter slab (OR?=?9.2, 95% CI 3.0–28.8; p?<?0.0001) and piggeries near refuse dump sites (OR?=?3.0, 95% CI 1.0–9.5; p?<?0.05) showed higher chances of African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection, while piggeries where farm workers wear their work clothes outside of the piggery premises (OR?=?0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.7; p?<?0.01) indicate less chances of infection but had a significantly associated p value thus were identified as potential risk factors. The study concluded that pigs in Benue State are still at risk of an ASF outbreak. Proper sanitary and hygienic practices are advocated and emphasized in piggeries, while routine surveillance for African swine fever virus antibodies in pigs in Benue State is strongly recommended to provide a reliable reference database to plan for the prevention of any devastating ASF outbreak.
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本研究基于非洲猪瘟病毒（African swine fever virus, ASFV）vp72基因设计引物,建立了能够快速检测非洲猪瘟病毒的环介导恒温扩增技术（loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP）。将LAMP与OIE参考的PCR检测方法进行比较,并且应用LAMP对非洲猪瘟参考实验室提供的非洲猪瘟病毒17个毒株的基因组以及国内收集的50份猪的基因组、30份蜱的基因组进行检测。结果显示,本研究设计的引物具有良好的特异性和敏感性,所建立的LAMP能够成功扩增非洲猪瘟病毒17个毒株的基因组,而野外收集的猪和蜱的基因组检测均为阴性。因此,本研究所建立的方法能够用于非洲猪瘟的快速诊断以及防控。 相似文献
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Three monoclonal antibodies, specific for porcine IgG, IgM and IgA, were used to develop isotype-specific immunoperoxidase monolayer assays for the detection of antibodies against African swine fever virus. A mixture of anti-IgM and anti-IgG monoclonal antibodies was used in an assay designed for screening sera. This test was compared with a commercially available ELISA by using experimental sera and field sera obtained after an outbreak of African swine fever on two farms in the Netherlands in 1986. Although the ELISA was less sensitive than the immunoperoxidase monolayer assay on sera taken early after infection, the tests were equally useful for screening purposes. The isotype-specific assays gave epizootiological information about the stage of infection on the two farms. 相似文献
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Mechanism of thrombocytopenia in African swine fever 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Pigs were inoculated with an African swine fever (ASF) isolate of moderate virulence, and the changes in the number of circulating blood platelets during infection were correlated with the appearance of antiviral antibody and fluctuations in total plasma hemolytic complement concentrations. Thrombocytopenia was detected by postinoculation days (PID) 7 and 8, and antiviral antibody was detected by PID 7, using an indirect immunofluorescence technique. The total hemolytic complement concentration was moderately and transiently decreased from PID 5 to 9, but was consistently low from PID 18 to 26. Pigs inoculated with an ASF virus isolate of greater virulence had a decrease in platelet counts on PID 6 and 7, and the total plasma hemolytic complement levels decreased in all pigs by PID 6 to 7. Antibody to ASF virus was not detected in pigs inoculated with the more virulent isolate. Pigs sensitized to ASF viral antigen with an inactivated-virus vaccine or by previous infection with ASF were challenge exposed. Sensitized pigs became clinically ill and thrombocytopenic by 24 to 72 hours earlier than did inoculated, nonsensitized pigs. Vaccinated pigs inoculated with homologous virus had lower blood virus concentrations than did nonvaccinated pigs. African swine fever virus-sensitized pigs inoculated with heterologous virus had a higher fatality rate than did nonsensitized pigs, and the pigs died peracutely, with only a few gross lesions in evidence. In vitro experiments demonstrated that ASF virus antigen induced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma from recovered, nonviremic pigs. Viral antigen, antibody, or complement was not demonstrable on the surface of platelets from pigs inoculated with ASF virus isolate, by direct immunofluorescence testing. 相似文献
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OU Yun-wen YAN Chuan-zhong ZHANG Jie MA Bing DAI Jun-fei ZHANG Yong-guang JIA Ning 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(7):2139-2146
African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), characterized by acute feature, high fever, high mortality and other characteristics. ASF mainly outbreaks in African, Eastern Europe countries, Russia and Caucasus region. At present, there are no vaccine available and effective control strategies against ASFV spread, therefore, ASF has a serious impact on the pig industry in the affected countries. The major target cells of the virus are swine reticuloendothelial cells and monocyte-macrophage cells. ASFV can result in apoptosis and affect the host's immune system, and then show the characteristics of the corresponding disease. ASFV has the characteristics of large genome, more genotype and more variability. In this paper, the molecular etiology and pathogenesis of ASFV are reviewed, so as to provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of ASF. 相似文献
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非洲猪瘟病毒的分子病原学及致病机理研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
非洲猪瘟（African swine fever,ASF）是由非洲猪瘟病毒（African swine fever virus,ASFV）引起的一种烈性传染病,具有急性、高热、高病死率等特征,主要暴发于非洲、东欧国家、俄罗斯及高加索地区。目前,该病缺乏有效的疫苗和治疗方法,给病情爆发地区的养猪业造成严重的影响。ASFV的主要靶细胞是网状内皮细胞和单核-巨噬细胞,造成细胞凋亡,影响宿主的免疫系统,进而表现出相应的疫病特征。ASFV具有基因组较大、基因型较多且易变异等特征。文章主要从分子病原学和致病机理方面对ASFV的研究情况进行综述,为ASF的防控提供理论依据。 相似文献
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非洲猪瘟是养猪业的第一杀手,自1921年东非国家肯尼亚首先出现非洲猪瘟疫情以来,这个病毒已经在非洲亚洲欧洲等区域传播了近百年,对世界养猪业造成了无可估量的损失。我国于2018年8月在辽宁省沈阳市首次发生非洲猪瘟疫情,并在极短的时间内传遍全国,对我国养猪行业的发展产生了巨大的影响,养猪业在近2年时间里发生了极大的变化。文章采用TaqMan探针实时荧光PCR技术,阐述一种快速、准确的非洲猪瘟病毒检测方法,并结合非洲猪瘟传播感染途径的特点,制定科学的诊断程序与防控措施来保证养猪业的生产安全。 相似文献