共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
为用我们实验室合成的金钱松小卷蛾性信息素来防治大面积金钱松林中的小卷蛾,采用了2种方法:1大量诱捕在约20hm2的试验林中,设置了2200个信息素诱捕器,每晚每器最多可诱捕雄蛾1000多头;2干扰交配在约4hm2的试验林中,设置了约4000个信息素干扰源,以破坏两性间的信息交流,从而阻止交配.结果表明:在同一地点,处理前和处理后诱捕器诱捕雄蛾的数量有明显差异(P=2.711>Ta);在同一时间,处理区和对照区诱捕雄蛾的数量更有显著差异(P=3.019>Ta);雄蛾辨识雌蛾方向的能力已受到严重干扰,说明用性信息素防治金钱松小卷蛾是切实可行的. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
云杉球果小卷蛾性外激素的诱捕试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
1992～1993年在牡丹江柴河林业局红皮云杉母树林和大兴安岭红皮云杉天然林对为害云杉球果的云杉球果小卷蛾Cydiastrobilella进行了性外激素诱捕试验。该性外激素于1991年实验合成，共有8种成份组合不同的诱芯，诱捕结果表明第6号诱芯［(100μgZ8-12OH+100μgE8-12OH+100μgZ8E10-12OH)×60］效果最好。同时也用该性外激素对为害兴安落叶松球果的东北小卷蛾C．illutanadahuricolana进行了诱捕尝试。 相似文献
6.
诱捕器形状及颜色对松墨天牛诱捕效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过柱形和棱形2款不同形状和红、黄、绿、褐、银5种不同颜色的诱捕器林间诱捕效果试验,比较了形状及颜色对松墨天牛成虫诱捕效果的影响。结果表明,形状和颜色都能显著影响松墨天牛成虫的诱捕效果,甚至还直接影响诱雌或诱雄能力。柱形诱捕器诱捕效果(10.47±1.01头)显著优于棱形诱捕器(7.07±0.85头);但棱形诱捕器诱雌能力更强,雌性比高达0.70±0.03。褐色诱捕器诱得松墨天牛成虫(20.67±5.46)头,显著高于红色诱捕器诱虫量(7.67±2.91)头及黄色诱捕器诱虫量(8.33±1.76)头;仅银色诱捕器诱得成虫雌性比为0.41±0.04,其他颜色诱捕器诱得成虫雌性比均达0.60左右,存在显著差异(P=0.05)。 相似文献
7.
8.
以诱捕器的悬挂高度和油松毛虫的趋色性为研究对象,研究诱捕器不同处理方式对油松毛虫捕捉量的影响。结果表明:红、黑、白和黄四种颜色诱捕器中,黑色的诱捕器对油松毛虫飞蛾趋向性较好;在1、1.5、2和2.5m四个高度中,以1.5m和2m的悬挂高度效果较好。选择1.5m的悬挂高度和黑色诱捕器比较适合当地油松毛虫的防治。 相似文献
9.
在内蒙古阿龙山林业局研究了稠李巢蛾性引诱剂应用技术,通过在稠李林中的对性引诱剂诱捕器设置不同高度、距离稠李林边缘的不同距离的诱集效果及稠李巢蛾昼夜反应节律的系统研究,掌握性引诱剂诱捕稠李巢蛾雄蛾相关应用技术。在诱捕器悬挂高度方面,性引诱剂诱捕器设置高度以0.5 m为最佳,雄蛾诱集量最大达到78.22头/器·d;设置诱捕器距离林缘50~300 m均可诱集到雄蛾,最佳诱蛾距离为100 m左右,测算最远诱捕距离为330 m;首次掌握了性引诱剂诱捕器对稠李巢蛾雄蛾昼夜活动节律,上午5:00~11:00为雄蛾主要活动期,傍晚19:00~23:00也有一个活动小高潮,这表明性引诱剂诱捕器可以掌握稠李巢蛾成虫的每天的活动节律。以上应用技术研究可以为稠李巢蛾的监测预报及防治决策提供重要依据。 相似文献
10.
11.
模毒蛾Lymantria monacha是内蒙古大兴安岭林区重大森林害虫。通过对模毒蛾性信息素诱捕器应用技术的研究显示:不同类型的诱捕器诱虫效果不同,圆筒型和船型诱捕器的诱捕效果较好,方形的较差;诱捕器设置高度对诱虫效果的影响不同,设置在树冠下层和中层的诱捕器诱捕效果较好,上层的较差;不同设置距离的诱捕器的诱虫效果不同,随着设置距离的增加,诱捕器的诱捕量逐渐下降,设置于距林缘50 m的诱捕器诱虫效果最好,性信息素诱捕器的最远引诱距离可能为280 m。研究结果为利用性信息素对模毒蛾进行种群监测和防治提供了依据。 相似文献
12.
Crown architecture and growth allocation were studied in saplings of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.), a species classified as intermediate in shade tolerance. A comparison was made of 15 understory saplings and 15 open-grown saplings that were selected to have comparable heights (mean of 211 cm, range of 180-250 cm). Mean ages of understory and open-grown trees were 25 and 8 years, respectively. Understory trees had a lower degree of apical control, shorter crown length, and more horizontal branch angle, resulting in a broader crown shape than that of open-grown trees. Total leaf area was greater in open-grown saplings than in understory saplings, but the ratio of whole-crown silhouette (projected) leaf area to total leaf area was significantly greater in understory pine (0.154) than in open-grown pine (0.128), indicating that the crown and shoot structure of understory trees exposed a greater percentage of leaf area to direct overhead light. Current-year production of understory white pine was significantly less than that of open-grown white pine, but a higher percentage of current-year production was allocated to foliage in shoots of understory saplings. These modifications in crown structure and allocation between open-grown and understory white pine saplings are similar to those reported for more shade-tolerant fir (Abies) and spruce (Picea) species, but the modifications were generally smaller in white pine. As a result, white pine did not develop the flat-topped "umbrella" crown structure observed in understory fir and spruce, which approaches the idealized monolayer form that maximizes light interception. The overall change to a broader crown shape in understory white pine was qualitatively similar, but much more limited than the changes that occurred in fir and spruce. This may prevent white pine from persisting in understory shade as long as fir and spruce saplings. 相似文献
13.
槐小卷蛾性诱剂的合成与林间诱蛾活性试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
槐小巷蛾（ＣｙｄｉａｔｒａｄｉａｓＭｅｙｒｉｋ）性诱剂的主要成分为（反、反）－８，１０－十二碳双烯－１－醇（简式ＥＳＥ１０－１２：ＯＨ）。从两个易得的Ｃ６原料出发，通过Ｇｒｉｇｎａｒｄ偶联反应合成了这种性诱剂。林间诱蛾试验结果表明，ＥＳＥ１０－１２：ＯＨ对槐小卷蛾具有强烈的引诱作用，诱蛾量的变化能及时而准确地反映林间槐小卷蛾的发生与消长情况，从而为进行适时而有效的防治提供科学依据。 相似文献
14.
Methodical problems of Nun moth trapping (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae) in various pheromone-traps
Various types of pheromone traps, which were used for catching ofLymantria monacha L., did not prove to be well suited either for checking of the occurrence of the pest and for its prognosis, or for estimating the size of the Nun moth population. Much more reliable data were obtained by using simple plates made of zinc sheet of size 50 × 50 cm or 50 × 100 cm, which were either on one or both sides covered with glue and sometimes they had an opening in the middle (10 × 10 cm) to allow spreading of the pheromone on both sides of the plate.Eight series of experiments, the results of which are given in the text, in the figures and tables, showed that the method of using pheromone traps renders new possibilities not only for prognosis and checking of the occurence of the Nun moth, but also for research on its ecology and ethology. It enables to investigate mating behavior and ecological problems even at the non-escape-phase of the pest. Further elaboration of this method in future years will make possible to derive from the data, obtained from the pheromene traps, data on the abundance of Nun moth in forest growths and on its flight distances. 相似文献
15.
A simulation model of the flight activity ofCydia funebrana was constructed on the basis of data on male captures in pheromone traps placed in a plum orchard in Central Bohemia in 1988 to 1990. The model was verified from 1991 to 1993 as a method of predicting the course of the emergence flight activity of particular generations in dependence on degree day values. The nonlinear model based on Richards' transformation was more suitable for the simulation than the linear one based on probit transformation. A technique has been proposed to use the model ofC. funebrana flight activity for optimal timing of ovicide applications based on fenoxycarb and diflubenzuron in systems of integrated pest management in plum orchards.With 3 figures and 4 tables 相似文献
16.
Two methods were compared for capturing the bark beetle Ips duplicatus Sahlberg (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae): lure-baited, insecticide-treated tripod trap logs (TRIPODs) versus Theysohn pheromone traps (TPTs). In 2008 and 2011 and at each of three clearcuts, five TPTs and five TRIPODs baited with ID Ecolure pheromone evaporators were installed with 10 m spacing. The pheromone evaporators were renewed every 8 weeks. The TRIPODs were treated with the insecticide Vaztak 10 EC in mid-April and then every 5 weeks thereafter. Trap logs and traps were inspected weekly during the entire period of I. duplicatus flight activity (April–September). Two to three times more beetles were trapped by the TPTs than by the TRIPODs. The TPTs captured more females than males, while TRIPODs captured equivalent numbers of males and females or more males than females on some dates. The TPTs and TRIPODs trapped approximately the same numbers of males, but the TPTs captured more females than the TRIPODs. Both traps captured more adults in spring than in summer. The higher numbers of entomophagous arthropods, including the predacious beetles Thanasimus formicarius L. and T. femoralis, were captured in the TRIPODs than in the TPTs. 相似文献
17.
In the Summer of 1983 experiments were carried out on moth trapping by help of pheromone baited traps (Detia moth indicators) in seven warehouses in West-Berlin (stocks: cocoa beans, dried vegetables and spices).Ephestia cautella (Walker),E. elutella (Hübner),E. kühniella Z. andPlodia interpunctella (Hübner) were caught. The traps baited with the pheromone TDA caught many times more moths than control traps did. So they seem especially suited as indicators for a slight infestation. 相似文献
18.
Pheromone traps were used for monitoring phenology of the peach twig borer,Anarsia lineatella, in Central Bohemia. The pest has two generations a year, the first one (owerwintering) is usually more numerous than the second one. The peak of the flight of the first generation begins by day-degrees (DD) 400–450 °C and the peak of the flight of the second generation at DD 900–960 °C. DD data can be used for supervised control both in the case of timing the chemical treatment and for deciding on using pheromones for male confusion. The suitable term for chemical treatment in the given locality in Central Bohemia is DD 360°C (above the developmental threshold 10 °C). The injury to fruits and shoots of peach trees similar to that caused byA. lineatella does also the oriental fruit moth,Cydia molesta. According to very low catches in pheromone trapsC. molesta does not seem to be economically important in Central Bohemia at present.With 2 tables and 3 figures 相似文献
19.
Adults of the histeridTeretriosoma nigrescens Lewis, a predator of the Larger Grain BorerProstephanus truncatus (Horn), were captured under field conditions in Costa Rica within the same pheromone traps as the stored product pest. Neither insect could be found in unbaited traps. The possible kairomonal importance of the prey's pheromone is discussed. 相似文献
20.
Since the beginning of the invasion of the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella Deschka and Dimic 1986 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), into Europe over 20 years ago the damage to white flowering horse chestnut trees, Aesculus hippocastanum L (Sapindales: Hippocastanaceae) has remained extensive. This study evaluates the possible use of pheromone mating disruption
as a control option against the horse chestnut leafminer. The heterogeneous distribution of ornamental trees in parks and
gardens requires a different approach to evaluate pest control than in homogeneous crop fields, orchards or plantations where
mating disruption is usually applied. For this reason we set up field experiments with host trees of the same age and size
in field tents with a defined number of leafminers in two different densities. In the first experiment the effective quantity
of newly developed C. ohridella pheromone dispensers was tested by recapturing males using traps baited with virgin females. Ninety-five percent less males
were captured if three or more dispensers were positioned at a 4 m radius around the outside of an experimental tent. This
set up was then used in the second experiment where male and female leafminers were released into field tents in order to
assess the effect of pheromone on the reduction of leaf mining damage. Surprisingly, the pheromone dispensers were found to
have no effect on the number of leaf mines at either low or high leafminer densities. Mating sites of the horse chestnut leafminer,
multiple matings and distribution of pheromone dispenser are discussed as possible factors influencing the outcome in this
study. 相似文献