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1.
盐度与碱度对花鲈幼鱼的毒性研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
试验研究盐度与碱度对花鲈(Lateolabraxjaponicus)幼鱼的急性毒性结果表明,24h、48h、72h、96h碱度对花鲈幼鱼的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为101.05mmol/L、63.27mmol/L、56.85mmol/L和46.18mmol/L;盐度和碱度联合毒性试验结果显示碱度对花鲈幼鱼24h半致死浓度与盐度显著相关,二者间关系为ALK=125.05-2.18S(n=7,r=0.9756),表明盐度和碱度之间可能存在一定的交互作用。 相似文献
2.
采用药浴方式,研究了一种新型消毒剂——聚六亚甲基双胍对凡纳滨对虾受精卵、无节幼体、幼虾、成虾的毒性及饵料藻类的影响。结果表明,聚六亚甲基双胍对凡纳滨对虾幼虾24、48h的LC50为64.1mg·L^-1和31.13mg·L^-1,安全浓度Sc为2.20mg·L^-1;聚六亚甲基双胍对凡纳滨对虾成虾24、48h的LC50为66.17mg·L^-1和32.16mg·L^-1,安全浓度Sc为2.28mg·L^-1,为了保证凡纳滨对虾的安全性,聚六亚甲基双胍的用量应控制在0.5mg·L^-1之内;聚六亚甲基双胍在125mg·L^-1浓度内对受精卵的孵化率无明显影响,0.5mg·L^-1浓度以内对无节幼体的变态率无明显影响。聚六亚甲基双胍对球等鞭金藻和亚心形扁藻表现出了明显的剂量-效应关系,其对球等鞭金藻和亚心形扁藻的生长不产生抑制的最高浓度为5mg·L^-1;聚六亚甲基双胍对球等鞭金藻48、96、144h的EC50为27.01、34.95mg·L^-1和33.14mg·L^-1;亚心形扁藻为34.65、28.73mg·L^-1和20.57mg·L^-1,聚六亚甲基双胍对两种藻类的安全浓度分别3.5mg·L^-1和2.9mg·L^-1,表明聚六亚甲基双胍对亚心形扁藻的影响更明显。 相似文献
3.
为了探讨高密度CO_2(dense phase carbon dioxide,DPCD)诱导蛋白质形成凝胶的机制,以凡纳滨对虾肌球蛋白为研究对象,研究了DPCD处理压强、温度和时间对虾肌球蛋白形成凝胶的临界浓度和对虾肉糜凝胶强度的影响。研究结果表明:DPCD处理压强和温度对虾肌球蛋白溶液形成凝胶的临界浓度有显著影响,处理时间对肌球蛋白溶液形成凝胶的临界浓度无显著影响,但增加处理时间,可以形成更加紧实的凝胶。在40℃和5~30 MPa时虾肌球蛋白溶液形成凝胶的临界质量浓度为14 mg/mL,在50℃和5、10 MPa时虾肌球蛋白溶液形成凝胶的临界质量浓度为12 mg/mL,在50℃和15~30 MPa时虾肌球蛋白溶液形成凝胶的临界质量浓度为11 mg/mL,在60℃和5~30 MPa时虾肌球蛋白溶液形成凝胶的临界质量浓度为10 mg/mL。DPCD处理压强和温度对虾肉糜的凝胶强度也具有显著影响(P0.05),且随着压强增加和温度升高,虾肉糜凝胶强度呈增加趋势(P0.05);在50℃和25 MPa下处理虾肉糜20 min,形成的凝胶强度较好,达到了(14.28±0.57)N·mm。DPCD处理温度越高,虾肌球蛋白形成凝胶的临界浓度就越低,而虾肉糜形成凝胶的强度越高;DPCD处理压强越高,虽然对虾肌球蛋白形成凝胶的临界浓度影响较小,但能使虾肌球蛋白和虾肉糜形成凝胶的强度增加。从分析中还可以推断,DPCD低压(5~10 MPa)诱导虾肉糜形成凝胶主要是热效应的作用,DPCD较高压强(10 MPa)诱导虾肉糜形成凝胶是热和CO_2分子效应的共同作用。研究结果为进一步阐明DPCD诱导蛋白质形成凝胶的机制提供了基础数据。 相似文献
4.
盐碱胁迫对香樟幼苗根际土壤酶活性的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以2年生盆栽香樟幼苗为材料,分别施用0、50、100、200 mmol/L的Na2CO3和Na HCO3(1︰1)混合溶液,研究盐碱胁迫对香樟幼苗根际土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:随着盐碱胁迫时间的延长,各处理土壤p H不断上升,且随盐碱处理浓度越高,p H越大;对照的脲酶活性呈不断上升的趋势,盐碱胁迫处理的脲酶活性呈先升后降的趋势,盐碱处理浓度越高,土壤脲酶活性越小;过氧化氢酶活性呈不断上升的趋势,盐碱处理浓度越高,过氧化氢酶活性越大;土壤蔗糖酶活性呈先升后降的趋势,盐碱处理浓度越高,土壤蔗糖酶活性越小;轻度(0~50 mmol/L)盐碱胁迫程度促进碱性磷酸酶活性,而重度盐碱(50~200 mmol/L)胁迫抑制碱性磷酸酶活性;0 mmol/L处理的蛋白酶活性不断上升,而盐碱胁迫抑制蛋白酶活性。盐碱胁迫影响了土壤中有效养分的转化。 相似文献
5.
为了比较分析盐碱土壤与非盐碱土壤微生物资源抗盐碱性差异,本研究利用含有不同浓度Na2CO3、NaHCO3和pH的培养基对盐碱土壤和非盐碱土壤细菌进行培养计数。结果显示：非盐碱土壤出菌数量随Na2CO3、pH和NaHCO3浓度升高而下降,盐碱土壤细菌出菌数量随着Na2CO3、pH和NaHCO,浓度升高先是升高然后下降,最高值分别出现在200mmol／LNaHCO3、50mmol／LNa2CO3和pH9．0的分离平板上。此外,高Na2CO3、pH和NaHCO3浓度的平板中盐碱土壤出菌数量远高于非盐碱土壤;以上结果可见,耐盐碱细菌资源主要集中分布在盐碱土壤中,在非盐碱土壤中虽有分布,但是仅占有很少一部分。 相似文献
6.
叠氮化钠诱变对离体蝴蝶兰类原球茎生理的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以2、4、6和8mmol/L的叠氮化钠浸泡6h处理蝴蝶兰类原球茎后进行组织培养,测定了处理组和对照的蝴蝶兰类原球茎中脯氨酸、丙二醛和可溶性糖含量以及超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活力。结果表明,经叠氮化钠处理的类原球茎中的超氧化物歧化酶活力、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量均有上升,而过氧化氢酶活力与可溶性糖含量均有下降,并呈现浓度梯度效应。叠氮化钠诱变的半致死剂量介于4～8mmol/L之间,其中4mmol/L的叠氮化钠对蝴蝶兰类原球茎生理损伤较小,因此认为4mmol/L的叠氮化钠是诱变蝴蝶兰类原球茎较为合理的浓度。 相似文献
7.
混合盐碱对紫花苜蓿苗期根系特征的影响 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
为研究紫花苜蓿根系对混合盐碱胁迫的响应,探索紫花苜蓿对混合盐碱的适应特点,为紫花苜蓿在盐碱地的栽培实践提供理论依据。本试验以"甘农三号"紫花苜蓿为试验材料,采用两种中性盐NaCl和Na2SO4及两种碱性盐NaHCO3和Na2CO3,按不同比例混合成为A(NaCl∶Na2SO4=1∶1)、B(NaCl∶NaHCO3=1∶1)、C(NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3∶Na2CO3=1∶1∶1∶1)、D(Na2SO4∶Na2CO3=1∶1)、E(NaHCO3∶Na2CO3=1∶1)5种混合盐,分别以25 mmol.L 1、50 mmol.L 1、100 mmol.L 1、150 mmol.L 14种盐浓度,模拟出20种盐度和碱度各不相同的混合盐碱条件对紫花苜蓿幼苗进行处理,测定了根系总长度、根系平均直径、根表面积、根尖数等指标,以了解紫花苜蓿根系在混合盐碱胁迫下的生长特性。结果表明,盐浓度为影响紫花苜蓿根系生长的主要因素。混合盐碱对根尖数的影响表现出明显的负效应,对根系平均直径的影响并不明显。随着混合盐浓度的升高,根系总长度、根表面积呈现先增大后减小的趋势。A、B处理的根长分别在盐浓度为25 mmol.L 1和50 mmol.L 1时达到最大值,分别比对照(0 mmol.L 1)增加50.7%和37.9%,而且差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05);在盐浓度达到150 mmol.L 1时,A、B、C、D、E的根系总长度分别比对照减少26.6%、37.7%、51.6%、37.0%和55.7%,差异显著。A、C、D组处理下仅在25 mmol.L 1时,根表面积显著增加,分别比对照增加21.1%、43.4%和12.7%;在浓度为150 mmol.L 1时,E处理下根表面积显著减小,比对照减少49.6%。表明低浓度混合盐碱对紫花苜蓿根系的生长影响不显著或具有一定的促进作用,高浓度胁迫下抑制根系的生长;在高盐浓度下随着碱性盐比例的增加,对紫花苜蓿根系生长的抑制作用越明显。 相似文献
8.
为了探索气浮机在对虾高位池系统中的调控效果,该文利用2口高位池对射流式气浮机对养虾水质和养殖生物的影响进行了研究,试验结果表明:气浮机在对虾养殖试验中取得了显著的调控效果,试验组虾池40 d平均氨氮浓度(0.052±0.012)g/m3比对照组虾池(0.14±0.025)g/m3显著降低了0.088 g/m3、40 d平均亚硝氮浓度(0.0004±0.0001)g/m3比对照组虾池(0.004±0.001)g/m3显著下降了0.0036 g/m3、40 d平均溶解氧质量浓度(7.5465±0.3222)g/m3比对照组虾池(6.5398±0.2843)g/m3显著升高了1.007 g/m3,试验组虾池40 d平均弧菌总数(3553±1873)cfu/mL显著低于对照组(4907±1858)cfu/mL,试验组虾池40 d平均荧光菌(3±1.86)cfu/ml,显著低于对照组(9±2.14)cfu/mL,试验组虾池在60 d时凡纳滨对虾体质量(5.97±0.67)g大于对照组(5.53±0.61)g,差异显著。 相似文献
9.
高抗重金属盐的微紫青霉菌(Penicillium janthinellum)菌株GXCR的遗传转化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我们曾分离到一株高抗多种重金属盐的微紫青霉菌(Penicillium janthinellum)菌株GXCR。本研究在该菌株中建立了基于携带苯菌灵抗性基因(Benr)的质粒pCPXBN-1、聚乙二醇(PEG)介导的原生质体转化体系。原生质体的产量和再生的最佳条件是酶解液中的酶浓度在0.6%~0.8%(纤维素酶∶蜗牛酶=1∶1)、孢子萌发后培养24 h的菌体和0.05 mol/L二硫苏半糖醇(DTT)预处理。最佳转化组合条件为3×108原生质体/mL,50μg质粒DNA组合条件下,40%PEG4000,山梨糖醇(sorbitol)-三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷盐酸盐(Tris-HCl)-氯化钙(CaCl2)缓冲液(STC)[1 mol/L sorbitol,50 mmol/L Tris-HCl(pH 7.0),50 mmol/L CaCl2],室温转化20 min。在此条件下的转化效率为0.3个转化子/μg DNA。 相似文献
10.
采用间歇法模拟研究醋酸-醋酸铵缓冲体系中草酸对高岭石的溶解特征,以了解低分子量有机酸溶解高岭石时,其质子和配体的相对贡献.试验表明:反应液中Al、Si浓度随草酸浓度提高、反应液pH降低及反应时间的推移而增加,当草酸浓度为10 mmol/L,反应液pH为3.5,反应1 656 h后A1、Si的浓度达到最高,分别为2.27和1.86 mmol/L;且配体(RL)促进速率随着反应液酸度的增强而升高;低浓度草酸(1 mmol/L)时,增幅随pH的降低而大幅增加,高浓度草酸(≥5 mmol/L)时,随着酸度的升高,增幅大幅减弱;相对于质子对高岭石的溶解作用,本试验浓度及酸度范围内,配体对高岭石溶解的贡献是主要的. 相似文献
11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
13.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
14.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
15.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
16.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
17.
I.L. Boyd 《Biological conservation》2010,143(7):1664-1674
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options. 相似文献
18.
Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate. 相似文献
19.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
20.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献