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1.
百合4个品种花粉生活力及3种测定方法的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用花粉离体染色法、培养法测定‘白天堂’、‘爱莱尔’、‘晚安’、‘仙女宁芙’等4个百合品种花粉离体染色率和萌发率。结果表明,4个百合品种的花粉离体染色率平均为57.13%,花粉离体萌发率平均为58.63%,其中‘白天堂’染色率、萌发率最高,为68%和75%。对相对生活力最高的品种‘白天堂’的花粉采用I-KI染色法、TTC染色法2种方法测定花粉生活力,以蔗糖硼酸培养法为对照。经研究花粉活力衰减规律表明,I-KI染色法测定花粉与蔗糖硼酸培养法不一致,不适用于百合花粉生活力的测定;TTC染色法测定值与蔗糖硼酸培养法规律一致,是一种快速测定百合花粉力活性的有效方法。 相似文献
2.
用花粉离体染色法、培养法测定‘白天堂’、‘爱莱尔’、‘晚安’、‘仙女宁芙’等4个百合品种花粉离体染色率和萌发率。结果表明,4个百合品种的花粉离体染色率平均为57.13%,花粉离体萌发率平均为58.63%,其中‘白天堂’染色率、萌发率最高,为68%和75%。对相对生活力最高的品种‘白天堂’的花粉采用I-KI染色法、TTC染色法2种方法测定花粉生活力,以蔗糖硼酸培养法为对照。经研究花粉活力衰减规律表明,I-KI染色法测定花粉与蔗糖硼酸培养法不一致,不适用于百合花粉生活力的测定;TTC染色法测定值与蔗糖硼酸培养法规律一致,是一种快速测定百合花粉力活性的有效方法。 相似文献
3.
不同百合花粉活力的测定方法比较 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
分别采用染色法和萌发法测定亚洲百合、东方百合、麝香百合品种群的部分栽培品种以及野生种的花粉活力.染色法的测定结果表明:野生种的花粉活力最高,接下来依次为东方百合、麝香百合、亚洲百合品种群的花粉活力最低.萌发法的测定结果表明:野生种的花粉活力最高,接下来依次为麝香百合、亚洲百合,东方百合品种群的花粉活力最低.两种方法的比较结果表明:染色法测定花粉活力是一种较为初步的、简单的方法,它仅能给育种工作提供最基础的花粉存活信息,但不能反映花粉活力的全部信息,而萌发法不仅可以反应花粉的存活状况,而且能进一步反映出花粉的萌发能力.所以,在百合的授粉过程中,需要将染色法的测定结果和萌发法的测定结果综合比较,来指导选配亲本,提高杂交育种的成功率. 相似文献
4.
影响百合花粉活力的化学因子研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
分析了不同植物生长调节剂及矿质元素对百合花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响,结果表明:不同化学因子对百合成熟花粉萌发和花粉管生长表现出不同的作用效果,在2,4-D、GA3、IAA、三十烷醇等植物生长调节剂中,以0.06mmol/L2,4-D的作用效果最好,百合成熟花粉的萌发率和花粉管生长速率分别为10.7%和47.2 um/h.而B、Ca、Mn等不同矿质元素对百合成熟花粉萌发和花粉管生长的作用效果则以10mmol/L H3BO3最好,百合成熟花粉的萌发率为11.8%;而Ca对花粉活力的影响更明显地体现在影响花粉管的生长,当Ca(NO3)2浓度为O.5mmol/L时效果最佳,达到68.8um/h. 相似文献
5.
6.
梨43个品种花粉生活力及4种测定方法的比较 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
用花粉离体培养法测定比较了43个梨品种花粉离体萌发率和花粉管生长长度;从中选择花粉相对生活力低、中、高3组6个品种(今村秋和雪花梨、金二十世纪和丰水、青松和满天红)的花粉,采用I-KI染色法、蓝墨水染色法、MTT染色法、过氧化物酶染色法4种花粉生活力测定方法,以花粉离体萌发法为对照。结果表明,花粉培养24h后,43个梨品种的花粉萌发率平均为66.15%,其中花粉萌发率≥60%的品种约占84%,满天红萌发率最高为82.79%;花粉管长度平均为1.77mm,花粉管长度≥1mm的品种约占89%,其中奥萨二十世纪最长为3.25mm,说明多数梨品种花粉生活力较强。与对照相比,4种花粉生活力测定方法中I-KI染色法的测定值极显著偏低,MTT(噻唑蓝)染色法的测定值显著偏高,二者不适于梨花粉生活力的测定;过氧化物酶染色法测定值与对照差异显著,也不适宜用来测定梨花粉生活力;蓝墨水染色法测定值与对照没有显著性差异,可用于梨花粉生活力的快速测定。 相似文献
7.
为了获得最适合淡黄花百合花粉离体保存的条件,以不同发育阶段的淡黄花百合花粉为试材,采用TTC法测定花粉萌发率,研究了4种贮藏温度对3个发育阶段淡黄花百合花粉生命力的影响。结果表明:取样当天测定开花第3天的花粉生命力最强,萌发率为91.97%;开花当天的花粉萌发率为73.63%;开放前2d的花粉萌发率为70.60%。在不同温度下离体保存后,随着贮藏时间的延长,所有花粉的萌发率在前4d迅速下降,4d后下降变缓。通过对比,开花前2d和开花当天的花粉贮藏在4℃的条件下其生命力保持较好,保存时间不超过8d为宜。 相似文献
8.
测定百合花粉生命力的液体培养基研究 总被引：40，自引：0，他引：40
以东方百合品种‘索蚌’的新鲜花粉为试材, 利用单因子试验比较了液体培养基中蔗糖浓度及硼、钙、镁、钾对其萌发的影响。在此基础上进行正交试验, 比较蔗糖、H3BO3 、CaCl2 对百合花粉萌发的影响。试验结果表明: 蔗糖和H3BO3 对百合花粉萌发有极显著影响。适宜的花粉培养液为: 蔗糖100 g·L - 1 +H3BO3 20 mg·L - 1 +CaCl2 20～30 mg·L - 1。纯水培养液会造成花粉原生质体破裂, 内含物外流;高浓度的蔗糖和盐会造成原生质体失水萎缩, 质壁分离, 这两种情况都抑制花粉萌发。 相似文献
9.
中国西部四省15 种野生百合花粉形态研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用扫描电镜对中国西部陕西、四川、甘肃和云南等4 省15 种野生百合花粉进行了系统观察和比较分析,结果表明：（1）除玫红百合（Lilium amoenum）为钝四角形四合花粉外,其它14 种野生百合均为具单萌发沟的椭球形或长椭球形单粒花粉,但外壁纹饰差异较大;（2）聚类分析表明,野百合（Lilium brownii）、百合（Lilium brownii var. viridulum）、泸定百合（Lilium sargentiae）、岷江百合（Lilium regale）、宜昌百合(Lilium leucanthum)、紫脊百合(Lilium leucanthum var. centifolium)、淡黄花百合（Lilium sulphureum）、川百合（Lilium davidii）和卷丹（Lilium lancifolium）聚为第1 类群;滇百合（Lilium bakerianum）、山丹（Lilium pumilum）、紫斑百合（Lilium nepalense）、宝兴百合（Lilium duchartrei）和兰州百合（Lilium danidii var. unicolor）聚为第2 类群;玫红百合（Lilium amoenum）为第3 类群,聚类结果总体上支持形态学分类结果;（3）玫红百合（L. amoenum）具四合花粉,明显区别于其它野生百合种,综合形态学、地理分布、孢粉学资料及聚类分析结果,建议将其重新建立成为百合属钟花组中的一个亚组。 相似文献
10.
地被菊花粉活力和储藏性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以地被菊（groundcover chrysanthemum）品种‘毛白玉’、‘粉芙蓉’的新鲜花粉为材料,采用离体萌发法对花粉活力进行测定,并观察花粉萌发及花粉管生长情况。试验结果表明：外源Ca2+显著促进了花粉萌发和花粉管生长,硼酸对花粉萌发没有显著影响;花序中部筒状花的花粉活力显著高于花序外部和内部筒状花的花粉;遮荫降低了花粉活力;‘毛白玉’和‘粉芙蓉’花粉在室温下可分别储藏8和6 d,4 ℃下可分别储藏25 d和20 d,–20 ℃下可储藏25 d,–80 ℃下可分别储藏21和18 d。–80 ℃储藏前干燥处理2 h的花粉,储藏后花粉活力显著高于干燥处理4 h和6 h的花粉。预冻处理显著降低了花粉活力。–80 ℃储藏的花粉采用35 ℃解冻2 min或冰上解冻效果较好。 相似文献
11.
AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α1-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α1-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α1-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α1-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension. 相似文献
12.
AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
13.
《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(1):139-156
Abstract This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality. 相似文献
14.
AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
15.
Fulé Peter Z. Crouse Joseph E. Heinlein Thomas A. Moore Margaret M. Covington W. Wallace Verkamp Greg 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(5):465-486
Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site, especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879. Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study. Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
17.
以西双版纳黄瓜和‘华黄5号’黄瓜叶片为试验材料,研究了衰老过程中两种黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量变化及脱镁叶绿素脱镁叶绿酸水解酶基因PPH和脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶基因PAO的表达。结果表明：随着叶片衰老,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著降低,叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值在0.5左右,推测叶绿素b的含量可能对黄瓜叶片保绿起到重要作用。荧光定量RT-PCR分析结果显示：PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片生长35 d时表达量最高,分别为5.50和1.86;PPH在‘华黄5号’叶片35 d时表达量最高,为7.14,而PAO在35和45 d表达量都很高,分别为3.90和3.91;PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片中的表达量低于在‘华黄5号’中。 相似文献
18.
AIM:To observe the effect of simvastatin on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) induced by serum and growth factor PDGF-BB and the effect of simvastatin on the expression of PTEN,a important regulator of G1/S cell cycle transition. METHODS:The DNA synthesis was determined by [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle was examined with flow cytometry, the protein level of PTEN was measured by Western blot method. RESULTS: (1)Simvastatin inhibited [3H]-TdR incorporation in a dose dependent manner. (2) Flow cytometric DNA analysis revealed that simvastatin induced significantly enhancement of G0/G1 phase and decrease in S phase VSMCs.(3)Simvastatin increased protein level of PTEN and mevalonate, a metabolite of HMG-COA, reversed the effect of simvastatin on PTEN protein expression. CONCLUSION:Simvastatin may inhibit proliferation of VSMCs and retarded cell cycle in G0/G1 phase by increasing PTEN expression through inhibiting synthesis of mevalonate. 相似文献
19.
A two-year field study investigated the possible effects of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) and uncultivated areas on the abundance of generalist predators in commercially-managed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fields in Texas, USA. From 63 to 70 fields were sampled for pests and predators over nine consecutive weeks during early stages of cotton development. Additional data on agronomic practices and landscape composition at three spatial scales were also collected for each field. Stepwise regression analyses were used to determine the relationships of landscape, agronomic and prey variables to the abundance of generalist predators. Because the variables most closely linked to predator levels could vary over time, separate regressions were conducted for three time periods corresponding to stages of grain sorghum growth (half-bloom, hard-dough, maturity) in each year. Significant relationships between predator abundance and agricultural landscape composition appear in both years and in all three time periods, but the specific relationships of landscape variables to cotton predator levels differed between and within years. At maturity in 2001, predator levels rose as the amount of uncultivated land from 1.6 to 3.2 km distant and the perimeter shared with grain sorghum increased. During 2002, the area of grain sorghum (half-bloom) and uncultivated land (hard-dough) within 1.6 km of cotton fields were both positively related to predator numbers. Cotton planting dates and the abundance of cotton fleahoppers (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus [Reuter]) were also strongly linked to predator numbers during both years. Results suggest that the total amount of grain sorghum or uncultivated land in an area is more important than the presence of these habitats adjacent to cotton fields, and that landscape composition may sometimes be the most important factor in determining predator abundance. 相似文献
20.
The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献