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本文通过不同水质盐度对乌鳢胚胎及仔鱼发育影响的试验，得出乌鳢的胚胎发育对水质盐度的适应范围为０－１３．６８‰，适宜范围为１．５０－７．１２‰；其仔鱼较胚胎发育期耐盐能力相对较弱，适应范围为０－５．６２‰，适宜范围为０．－２．９‰。 相似文献
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温度和盐度对花鲈胚胎及前期仔鱼发育影响的初步报告 总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30
花鲈（Ｌａｔｅｏｌａｂｒａｘ ｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ）胚胎发育的适宜温度为１０～２２℃，１０℃组中的畸形率偏高，因此最适宜温度为１３～２２℃。短时期的７℃低温对胚胎发育没有影响；前期仔鱼的适温范围与胚胎的适温范围基本一致。胚胎发育的适宜 盐度为１９‰～２８‰，以２２‰～２５‰为最佳；仔鱼对盐度的要求与胚胎期近似。以低盐度和高盐 度相比较，４日龄以后，低盐度似有利于仔鱼存活。 相似文献
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盐度对棘头梅童鱼胚胎发育和仔鱼存活的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
观察比较了11个盐度梯度[0、5、10、15、20、25、30(自然海水)、35、40、45、50]下,棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lueidus)胚胎的沉浮情况、孵化时间、孵化率和畸形率,并测定了初孵仔鱼的不投饵存活系数(SAI)。结果表明:(1)棘头梅童鱼胚胎在海水盐度为30及以上时100%漂浮;盐度为25时,95%漂浮,5%悬浮;盐度为20时95%悬浮,5%沉底;盐度为15时95%沉底,5%悬浮;盐度为10及以下时100%沉底。在水温18～20℃的条件下,棘头梅童鱼胚胎在盐度5～40范围内经28～32 h能孵化出仔鱼,盐度对孵化时间影响不显著(P>0.05)。但孵化率和畸形率因盐度不同而有显著差异。综合分析表明棘头梅童鱼胚胎孵化的适宜盐度范围为15～35,孵化最适盐度范围在20～30之间。(2)在可孵出鱼苗盐度范围(5～40)内,棘头梅童鱼仔鱼SAI值为(1.80±0.03)～(11.85±0.02),与卵的孵化率呈正相关关系。仔鱼生存的适宜生长盐度为10～30,最适盐度范围为20～25。 相似文献
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盐度对鲻鱼前期仔鱼生长与存活的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文研究了鲻鱼前期仔鱼在不同海水盐度条件下的生长和存活情况。结果表明：鲻鱼前期仔鱼生长与存活的适宜盐度范围为20－32‰，盐度低于20‰，随盐度下降，前期仔鱼存活率降低，生长速度趋慢；反之，盐度高于32‰，随盐度升高，前期仔鱼存活率降低，生长速度趋缓。 相似文献
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温度和盐度对鞍带石斑鱼受精卵发育及仔鱼成活率的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了在8个盐度梯度(18.3‰、19.7‰、21.2‰、23.5‰、25.6‰、27.1‰、29.5‰和31.7‰)下鞍带石斑鱼Epinephelus lanceol受精卵和仔鱼在水中的分布状态、出膜率和仔鱼存活率;在9个温度梯度(18℃、20℃、22℃、24℃、26℃、28℃、30℃、33℃和35℃)下,其受精卵孵化率、畸形率和仔鱼成活率。结果表明:(1)在水温为25~26℃,当盐度≤25.6‰时,受精卵表现为沉性;当盐度≥27.1‰时,受精卵表现为浮性。仔鱼的分布与受精卵有相似的特点,当盐度≤21.2‰时仔鱼分布在底层水体;当盐度≥27.1‰时,仔鱼集中分布在上层水体。(2)以孵化率和成活率为指标,鞍带石斑鱼孵化的适宜盐度范围为21.2‰~31.7‰,最适盐度范围为25.6‰~31.7‰。在盐度为31.7‰时仔鱼成活率最高达到75.9%。(3)鞍带石斑鱼胚胎发育的适温范围是26~30℃。28℃时受精卵孵化率、仔鱼成活率均最高,畸形率最低。 相似文献
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盐度对卵形鲳鲹胚胎发育和早期仔鱼的影响 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
观察比较了10种不同盐度（5．0～50．0）条件下卵形鲳鲹（Trachinotus ovatus）受精卵的沉浮性、孵化率和畸形率,以及8种不同盐度（10．0—45．0）下仔鱼存活情况及不投饵存活系数（survival activityindex,SAI）。结果表踢,受精卵在不同盐度下表现出不同的沉浮性,在盐度为25．0以下的海水中呈沉性;在盐度30．0时为半沉浮性;在盐度为35．0的海水中呈浮性。盐度低于10．0或高于50．0,胚胎均不发育;在盐度15．0—45．0范围内,卵形鲳鲹胚胎能完成发育过程孵出仔鱼,但盐度对早期仔鱼的成活和畸形率的影响比较大。统计分析了总孵化率与盐度、畸形率与盐度的相关关系,求得胚胎孵化的预测适盐范围为14．9—39．4,最适盐度为26．0～28．2。在盐度25．0—30．0和无投饵状态下,仔鱼的SAI值为44．19～47．44。 相似文献
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研究了盐度、温度对条石鲷胚胎发育的影响和初孵仔鱼对饥饿的耐受力。结果表明,胚胎发育的适宜盐度范围为20～35,最适盐度范围为25～30,孵化率都在89%以上,盐度低于20或高于35,孵化率都降低。盐度对孵化时间有一定影响,盐度高于35或者低于15条件下孵化时间都延长。胚胎发育的适宜温度范围为21～27℃,孵化率都在77%以上,最适温度范围为23～25℃,孵化率达89%以上,低于19℃或者高于27℃时孵化率降低且初孵仔鱼畸形率升高。胚胎孵化时间与温度成负相关关系,胚胎发育速率与温度成正相关关系。条石鲷胚胎发育的生物学零度（阈温度）为10.06℃,有效积温值为405.3℃·h。对胚胎发育的Q10值进行了计算。饥饿条件下,条石鲷初孵仔鱼8日龄全部死亡,半数死亡时间出现在第6天,饥饿对初孵仔鱼生长具有明显的抑制作用。 相似文献
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温度、盐度对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(♂)杂交子一代胚胎发育和仔鱼存活的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
探讨了温度、盐度对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(♂)杂交子一代(杂交F1)胚胎和初孵仔鱼发育的影响。结果表明,杂交F1受精卵孵化适宜温度范围和最适温度分别为15～21℃和18℃,在适宜温度范围内胚胎发育时间随温度的升高而缩短,二者符合乘幂函数关系式N=115.99T-0.7668(R2=0.9769)。胚胎发育的生物学零度和有效积温分别是7.54℃和540.1℃.h,积算温度(A)与试验水温间呈乘幂函数相关,表达式:A=1328.1T-0.3149(R2=0.9624)。胚胎发育的最低盐度界限为10,孵化的适宜盐度范围和最适盐度范围分别为10～45、25～35;初孵仔鱼生存发育的适宜盐度范围、最适盐度范围分别为10～40和10～20。 相似文献
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探讨了温度、盐度对褐牙鲆（♀）×犬齿牙鲆（♂）杂交子一代（杂交F1）胚胎和初孵仔鱼发育的影响。结果表明，杂交F1受精卵孵化适宜温度范围和最适温度分别为15～21℃和18℃，在适宜温度范围内胚胎发育时间随温度的升高而缩短，二者符合乘幂函数关系式N=115．99T^-0.768.8（R^2=0．9769）。胚胎发育的生物学零度和有效积温分别是7．54℃和540．1℃·h，积算温度（A）与试验水温间呈乘幂函数相关，表达式：A=1328．1T^-0.3149。（R^2=0．9624）。胚胎发育的最低盐度界限为10，孵化的适宜盐度范围和最适盐度范围分别为10～45、25～35；初孵仔鱼生存发育的适宜盐度范围、最适盐唐范围分别为10～40和10～20。 相似文献
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盐度对黄鲷胚胎发育及早期仔鱼生长的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
The effect of salinity on embryo and early larva development of Dentex tumiforns was discussed. Floating forms of egg in different salinities, optimal salinity for embryonic development and early larva growth was studied. The results showed: 1. In immobile condition, all eggs sank at salinity of 32.0, most of egg ssuspended in the middle of water at 34.0, and all eggs floated on the surface when salinity above 36.0. 2. Eggs did not hatch out at salinity of below 10.0 or above 60.0 and the death time of egg gradually moved up with increase or decline of salinity. Eggs hatched out at salinity range of 15.0 and 50.0, including abnormal larva. There was indistinct difference in speed of embryonic development (about 36-40h) within the salinity of 15.0 and 50.0. However the salinity had a great effect on larval survival after hatching and abnormal rate. The relation between hatching rate and salinity variation showed parabola but abnormal rate showed inverted parabola. The hatching rate was 81%-86% and abnormal rate of yolk sac larva was 27%-30% in suitable salinities of 27.0-39.0. The hatching rate was 89%-91% and abnormal rate was 13%-16% in optimal salinities of 33.0-36.0. The oil ball of abnormal larva was located in the central or front position. With increased extent of salinity, spondyle of larva bended and number of larva with arrhythmia increased. 3. The optimal salinities were 30.0-35.0 based on SAI. The test with SAI showed that SAI of early larvae was 41.25-47.53 at salinities of 30.0-35.0, the yolk and oil ball of 7-8 days larva was completely absorbed with a survival rate of 88%. 相似文献
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盐度对杂交东方鲀存活和摄食的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用盐度骤变和渐变的方法,研究了盐度0、5‰、10‰、15‰、20‰、25‰、30‰、35‰、40‰、45‰、50‰、55‰、60‰共13个梯度对菊黄东方鲀(♀)×红鳍东方鲀(♂)杂交F1代存活和摄食的影响。研究表明,盐度从30‰骤变到15‰～50‰时,杂交F1存活率最高,显著高于盐度0、5‰、10‰、55‰和60‰梯度的存活率(P<0.05),其中盐度10‰的梯度中杂交F1代存活率约为33.3%,而盐度0、5‰、55‰和60‰梯度的存活率均低于1%;盐度5‰～50‰为杂交F1可摄食盐度,其中20‰～35‰是最佳摄食盐度。盐度渐变时,盐度5‰～50‰梯度中杂交F1代存活率最高,显著高于盐度0、55‰和60‰梯度的存活率(P<0.05),其中盐度0的梯度中杂交F1代存活率最低,约为12%;盐度0～60‰为杂交F1可摄食盐度,其中盐度20‰、25‰、30‰、35‰和40‰时,杂交F1摄食率无显著差异,在盐度30‰时摄食量和摄食率均达到最大。表明,菊黄东方鲀(♀)×红鳍东方鲀(♂)杂交F1代是广盐性鱼类,对盐度适应能力较强,而且适应盐度渐变的能力强于盐度骤变。 相似文献
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Effect of salinity on the rearing performance of juvenile golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Zhenhua Ma Huayang Guo Panlong Zheng Long Wang Shigui Jiang Dianchang Zhang Jian G Qin 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(6):1761-1769
Effect of rearing salinity on the performance of juvenile golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758) was studied under a laboratory condition. Fish growth, survival, RNA/DNA ratio, pepsin activity, α‐amylase activity and FCR were used as evaluation criteria. The growth and RNA/DNA ratio were significantly affected by the rearing salinity. High growth rate and RNA/DNA ratio were observed when fish were reared at the salinity of 34‰. The pepsin activity of fish was not significantly affected by the rearing salinity. However, the α‐amylase activity of fish was significantly affected by the rearing salinity. The α‐amylase activity of fish reared at the salinity of 10‰ was significantly lower than fish cultured at the salinity of 34‰. Rearing salinity can significantly affect the FCR of juvenile golden pompano. The FCR of fish cultured at the salinity of 10‰ was 5‐times higher than the FCR of fish reared at 34‰. Results from the present study indicate that juvenile golden pompano can be reared above 26‰ without affecting fish performance, and the salinity of 10‰ may be too low to rear juvenile golden pompano as fish growth, RNA/DNA ratio and α‐amylase activity were reduced. 相似文献
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温度、盐度对似刺鳊鮈胚胎发育过程的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
设置10℃、15℃、20℃、24℃、27℃、30℃6个温度组和0‰、2.5‰、5‰、10‰、15‰、太湖湖水组6个盐度组,探讨了温度和盐度对似刺鳊鮈(Paracanthobrama guichenoti)胚胎发育的影响。温度实验结果表明:似刺鳊鮈胚胎发育的起始温度(生物学零度)为9.5℃,适宜的发育水温为20～24℃。水温10℃时胚胎卵裂异常,未能进入原肠期;水温升至30℃时胚胎在发育至原肠期前后死亡。水温度为24℃时孵化时间仅为73.5 h,孵化率高达80%,畸形率为0,为最适孵化水温;水温对胚胎发育速率的影响后期较前期大。盐度实验表明:似刺鳊鮈胚胎对盐度有一定的耐受力,各盐度梯度下的胚胎发育速率差异不大,但孵化率的差异极显著。在水温18℃、盐度为2.5‰的水体中胚胎的孵化率为81.67%,高于太湖湖水组的孵化率,此盐度应为似刺鳊鮈胚胎发育较适盐度。 相似文献
16.
Feng Zhao Yu Wang Longzhen Zhang Ping Zhuang Jianyi Liu 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(4):1025-1030
We studied the effects of salinity on survival, growth, food conversion efficiency and plasma osmolality of juvenile Siganus guttatus in two independent experiments. In the first experiment, fish were transferred from 30 ‰ salinity to freshwater, 5, 10, 20 and 30 ‰ salinities for 192 h. No fish died when transferred directly from 30 ‰ to salinities >5 ‰. However, all fish died in the freshwater treatment. In the second experiment, survival, growth, feeding rate, food conversion efficiency and plasma osmolality of fish were analyzed during 6 weeks in salinities of 5, 10, 20 and 30 ‰ (control). At the end of this experiment, the final weight and the specific growth rate of fish were significantly greater at 10 ‰ than fish in all other treatments. Feeding rate increased significantly with decreasing salinity: 10 ‰ > 20 ‰ > 30 ‰. However, the food conversion efficiency was not significantly different between fish in any treatment. Plasma osmolality of fish in 20 and 30 ‰ salinity was significantly greater than fish reared at 10 or 5 ‰. A salinity of 13.95 ‰ (411.88 mOsmol/kg) was the point of isosmolality for juvenile S. guttatus. 相似文献
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Salinity regulates antioxidant enzyme and Na+K+‐ATPase activities of juvenile golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Zhenhua Ma Panlong Zheng Huayang Guo Shigui Jiang Jian G Qin Dianchang Zhang Xilei Liu 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(5):1481-1487
Effects of salinity on the growth, survival, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and sodium‐potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+K+‐ATPase) activities of juvenile golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus were studied under a laboratory condition. Experimental fish were reared at the salinities of 10‰, 18‰, 26‰ and 34‰ for 30 days. Growth and survival of juvenile golden pompano were significantly affected by the rearing salinity. Fish reared at 34‰ achieved the highest specific growth rate, while the highest survival was obtained when fish were cultured at the salinity of 26‰. The highest GPX activity was obtained when fish were cultured at 26‰, and the lowest GPX activity was observed when fish reared at 34‰ salinity. The SOD activities of fish reared at 18‰ and 34‰ were significantly higher than those reared at 10‰ and 26‰. The lowest of Na+K+‐ATPase activity was obtained in fish reared at 34‰, while the highest Na+K+‐ATPase activity was obtained when fish reared at 18‰. Results from present study indicate that juvenile golden pompano can be reared above 18‰ without sacrificing fish survival, and the best growth can be achieved when fish is reared at the salinity of 34‰. The salinity of 10‰ may be too low for juvenile golden pompano as the growth, survival and SOD activity were reduced. 相似文献
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The effects of different salinities (0, 2, 4, 6 and 10‰) on food intake, growth, food conversion, and body composition of the freshwater catfish Mystus vittatus (Bloch) were studied. Under a restricted feeding schedule daily intake of food was found to be salinity dependent. Fish reared in 10‰ consumed more Tubifex tubifex, converted less efficiently and displayed poor growth as compared to individuals reared in fresh water. Fish flesh production decreased from 483 g (fresh water) to 177 g (10‰ salinity) as the salinity was increased. Water content of the fish was found to decrease with increase in salinity, while maximum ash (25.56%) and fat (42.25%) were exhibited by fish reared in 10‰ salinity. 相似文献
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A Preliminary Study on the Effects of Salinity on Growth and Survival of Mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus Larvae and Juveniles 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract.— Tko experiments were conducted to determine the effects of salinity on growth and survival of mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus larvae and juveniles. First, 6-d-old larvae were stocked into different salinities (5, 12.5, 20, 27.5 and 35 ppt) for 14 d. Larvae grew at all salinities, but based on results for growth and survival, the optimum range of salinity for 6-d-old to 20-d-old larvae is 5–12.5 ppt. During this experiment larvae held in all experimental salinities were infested by a dinoflagellate ectoparasite, Amyloodinium sp. Degree of infestation was affected by salinity. There were very low infestation rates at 5 ppt (0.2 parasites/larva). Infestation increased with salinity to 20 ppt (33.1 parasites/larva), then declined with salinity to 35 ppt (1.5 parasites/larva). For the second experiment, juveniles (6.1 ± 0.1 g/fish) were stocked into different salinities (0.6, 5, 10, 20 and 35 ppt) for 28 d. Juveniles were removed from freshwater 3 d after transfer as they did not feed, several fish died and many fish had lost equilibrium. However, when transferred directly to 5 ppt. these stressed fish recovered and behaved normally. Trends in final mean weight and food conversion ratio of juvenile mulloway suggest that fish performed best at 5 ppt. Although salinity (5 to 35 ppt) had no significant ( P > 0.05) effect on growth, survival, or food conversion ratio of juveniles, statistical power of the experiment was low (0.22). Based on these results we recommend that mulloway larvae older than 6 d be cultured at 5 to 12.5 ppt. Optimum growth of juveniles may also be achieved at low salinities. 相似文献