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为了研究蛋黄卵磷脂对记忆功能的影响,试验用有机溶剂从蛋黄中提取卵磷脂粗品,然后经柱硅胶纯化获得卵磷脂精品,将获得的卵磷脂精品用于小鼠灌胃试验。结果表明:蛋黄卵磷脂经有机溶剂浸提和柱硅胶纯化后可获得纯度为95.67%的卵磷脂精品,灌服小鼠后可提高其记忆功能,且灌服70 d后基本稳定。 相似文献
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卵磷脂(1ecithin)是一类存在于生物界的含磷脂类,早在1844年德国人Gobleg由蛋黄中分离出含氮、磷的脂肪化合物,并据希腊语“1ekithos”即蛋黄之意而命名为“1ecithin”。卵磷脂有广义和狭义之分,狭义的卵磷脂指的是蛋黄磷脂和大豆磷脂中主要成分磷脂酰胆碱(PC),广义上的卵磷脂是指包括卵磷脂(PC)、脑磷脂(PE)、肌醇磷脂(PI)、丝氨酸磷脂(PS)等在内的各种磷脂质集合体。1大豆卵磷脂的化学结构及其组成大豆卵磷脂是豆油精炼过程中得到的一种副产物。其化学结构主要由三甘油酯分子上的磷酸与胆碱等基团(X)结合,结构式为[1]:式中R1和R2是… 相似文献
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高鹏翔潘予琮蒋林树方洛云 《动物营养学报》2023,(4):2087-2095
黄酮类化合物是一类广泛存在于植物组织的次生代谢产物，也是一类具有抗炎、抗氧化、提高免疫能力的天然活性物质。目前，许多研究证实饲粮中添加黄酮类化合物能够提高奶牛产奶量，改善乳品质。本文总结了黄酮类化合物对奶牛产奶量和乳品质的影响及其改善乳品质的主要作用途径。经文献总结发现，黄酮类化合物通过促进乳成分前体物合成与利用、调节瘤胃微生物结构、影响乳成分合成相关基因表达、提高机体免疫系统机能和减少饲料霉变这5种途径来影响乳品质。本文还针对以上作用途径结合目前黄酮类化合物在应用中存在的问题进行了展望，以期为黄酮类化合物更好地应用于生产实践奠定基础。 相似文献
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新型饲料抗氧化剂天然黄酮类化合物的研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
氧自由基（OFR）是机体正常代谢的中间产物，机体内OFR的产生与清除保持动态平衡，对提高机体免疫能力，维持健康有重要的意义。本文对氧自由基的种类、产生途径及其危害进行简单介绍；对天然抗氧自由基－－黄酮类化合物的结构、种类、生物活性及其作用机制等化合物的结构、各类、生物活性及其作用机制等进行了综述，并对黄酮类化合物作为饲料抗氧化剂的应用前景以及面临的问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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沙棘对蛋鸡生产性能影响的试验研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
沙棘（Ｈ·ｒｈａｍｎｏｉｄｅｓＬ）含有丰富的维生素、蛋白质、糖、脂肪、胡萝卜素、黄酮类化合物及多种氨基酸和矿物质。用沙棘叶和沙棘果渣作为补充饲料饲喂产蛋母鸡，可提高产蛋率８．７～１１．３％，提高产蛋量２４．９～３０．３％，蛋黄胡萝卜素含量增加８．４４～７５．６６％，蛋黄胆固醇含量降低１０．５４～２７．６５％。对蛋黄颜色、比重均有一定的影响。证明沙棘在畜牧业生产中有很大的开发利用价值。 相似文献
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Cryopreservation of Dog Semen in a Tris Extender with 1% or 2% Soya Bean Lecithin as a Replacement of Egg Yolk 
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下载免费PDF全文 Egg yolk is usually included in extenders used for preservation of dog semen. Lecithin is an interesting animal‐protein free alternative to egg yolk for semen preservation. The aim of our study was to evaluate soya bean lecithin for cryopreservation of dog semen. Five ejaculate replicates were divided in three equal parts, centrifuged and each pellet diluted with one of the three Tris‐based extenders containing 20% egg yolk, 1% soya bean lecithin or 2% soya bean lecithin. Extended semen was loaded in 0.5‐ml straws, cooled and diluted a second time and frozen in liquid nitrogen vapours. Sperm motility parameters (CASA), acrosome integrity (FITC‐PNA/PI) and sperm membrane integrity (C‐FDA) were evaluated 5 min post‐thaw and after 2 and 4 h of incubation. Total motility was significantly better in the egg yolk extender than in any of the lecithin‐based extender and was better in the 1% lecithin extender than in the 2% lecithin extender. Sperm membrane integrity was significantly better in the egg yolk extender than in any of the lecithin‐based extenders but did not differ significantly between the 1% and 2% lecithin extenders. Acrosome integrity was significantly better in the egg yolk extender than in the 2% lecithin extender but did not differ between the egg yolk extender and the 1% lecithin extender or between the two lecithin extenders. In conclusion, egg yolk was superior to lecithin in our study. The extender with 1% lecithin preserved sperm motility better than the extender with 2% lecithin. 相似文献
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为探索适宜浓度的大豆卵磷脂(soybean lecithin,SL)代替卵黄(egg yolk,EY)对马精液冷冻保存的效果,本试验分别以5%卵黄(V/V)和10%、20%、30%大豆卵磷脂(m/V)作为精液的冷冻保护剂冷冻解冻马精液,解冻后分别对精子细胞的运动参数、精子细胞膜的完整性、精子细胞脂质氧化物丙二醛的值和线粒体膜完整性进行检测。结果发现,精液冷冻解冻后,5%卵黄和10%、20%、30%大豆卵磷脂对精子的总运动精子数无显著影响(P>0.05),但30%大豆卵磷脂具有最大的原地摆动精子数和最小的直线前进精子数(P<0.05),其他运动参数差异不显著(P>0.05);20%大豆卵磷脂代替卵黄后具有最高的质膜完整性,同时产生最少的脂质氧化物丙二醛;线粒体膜电位经流式细胞仪检测时,30%大豆卵磷脂活精子高膜电位数最高,但与20%大豆卵磷脂之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果表明,20%大豆卵磷脂能够代替卵黄作为冷冻保护剂用于马精液的冷冻保存。 相似文献
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【目的】 探究在冷冻稀释液中添加大豆卵磷脂代替10%卵黄对梅花鹿精液冷冻保存效果的影响,为梅花鹿人工授精体系的完善提供参考。【方法】 采用电刺激法采集梅花鹿精液,以精液冷冻稀释液中分别添加1%、2%、3%、4%和5%大豆卵磷脂代替10%卵黄作为试验组,添加20%卵黄作为对照组,分别进行各组精液冷冻保存。5 d后,进行精液解冻,检测解冻后各组精子的活力、质膜完整率、顶体完整率、线粒体活性、存活时间,筛选合适浓度的大豆卵磷脂。选取4~5岁健康雌性梅花鹿,肌肉注射300 IU孕马血清促性腺激素（PMSG）和0.4 mg氯前列醇钠进行同期发情处理,发情后第20 h用20%卵黄组与筛选出的大豆卵磷脂组冻精进行人工输精,输精后30 d使用B超检测仪检测妊娠情况,统计妊娠率。【结果】 与对照组相比,1%大豆卵磷脂组冻融后的精子活力、向前活动力、快速前进活力、活率、质膜完整率、顶体完整率及线粒体活性均显著提高（P<0.05）;随着稀释液中大豆卵磷脂浓度的增加,其冻融后精子活力、向前活动力、快速前进活力、活率、质膜完整率、顶体完整率以及线粒体活性呈下降趋势,精子存活时间也随浓度的增加而减少。1%大豆卵磷脂组冻融精子人工授精梅花鹿的妊娠率为61.11%,高于对照组、2%和3%大豆卵磷脂组,但差异均不显著（P>0.05）。【结论】 在梅花鹿精子冷冻稀释液中添加1%大豆卵磷脂替代10%卵黄,能有效提高梅花鹿冻融精子的质量,为进一步筛选新型梅花鹿精液冷冻稀释液提供理论基础。 相似文献
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Treatment of Brucella melitensis infection in mice by use of liposome-encapsulated gentamicin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
T Hernández-Caselles A Vera F Crespo J Villalaín J C Gómez-Fernández 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(9):1486-1488
Liposomes with entrapped gentamicin were used to treat mice with infection attributable to Brucella melitensis. Liposomes bearing positive charge and formed by egg yolk lecithin, cholesterol, and stearylamine were effective in the elimination of B melitensis residing in liver and spleen. Negatively charged liposomes, formed by egg yolk lecithin, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate were also effective in suppression of the infection in liver, but were less so in suppression of the infection in the spleen. Free gentamicin was less effective than the encapsulated antibiotic. At 20 hours after administration of gentamicin encapsulated in liposomes, the gentamicin concentrations in liver and spleen were similar, regardless of the charge of the liposomes--neutral, positive, or negative. However, positively charged liposomes were more efficient than were other liposome types for the treatment of brucellosis caused by B melitensis. 相似文献
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P M Abe C J Kendall L R Stauffer J W Holland 《American journal of veterinary research》1979,40(1):92-96
Culture supernatants of Fusobacterium necrophorum demonstrated hemolytic activity. The hemolysin(s), which was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, was temperature-dependent and heat labile. The spectrum of hemolytic activity against various erythrocytes included rabbit, human, and dog erythrocytes. Goats, sheep, and bovine erythrocytes showed only trace hemolysis. According to results of thin-layer chromatography, the hemolysin hydrolyzed rabbit erythrocyte phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, lysophosphatidyl choline, and bovine phosphatidyl choline. Hydrolysis of egg yolk phosphatidyl choline, bovine phosphatidyl ethanolamine, cholesterol, 1,2-dipalmitin, 1,3-dipalmitin, sphingomyelin, or triolein was not detected by thin layer chromatography. A more sensitive procedure utilizing gas-liquid chromatography revealed that, of the substrates tested, the following were bein hydrolyzed: bovine and egg yolk phosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl choline, alpha-palmito-beta-eleoyl-L-alpha lecithin and alpha-oleoyl-betal-palmitoyl-L-alpha lecithin. Substrates which were weakly hydrolyzed were bovine phosphatidyl ethanolamine, DL-alpha-hosphatidyl ethanolamine dipalmitoyl, 1,2-dipalmitin, 1,3-dipalmitin, and triolein. 相似文献
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Attia YA Hussein AS Tag El-Din AE Qota EM Abed El-Ghany AI El-Sudany AM 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(4):461-475
In order to study the influence of lecithin and vegetable oils on improving productive and reproductive performance, egg quality,
and metabolic profile of dual-purpose crossbred hens in the tropics, a total of 224 hens, 47-wk old, 112 each of Gimmizah
and Silver Montazah strains were fed seven isonitrogenous diets. Experimental treatments consisted of feeding seven different
diets to layers; four isocaloric diets containing either no added lipid (control), 3% vegetable oil mixture, 3% soy lecithin
or 6% soy lecithin; and three high-energy level diets, containing an extra 3% vegetable oil mixture, 3% or 6% soy lecithin
added to the control diet. Thus, the experimental design was factorial, consisting of seven lipid treatments by two strains
of hens. Results indicate that 3% lecithin as an extra ME source, or feeding 11.72 MJ ME/kg diet containing the same level
of lecithin, improved productive and reproductive performance of crossbred hens. Moreover, lecithin at 6% as an extra ME supplement
significantly increased yolk percentage and improved Haugh unit score and yolk color, while increasing EE digestibility and
plasma total lipids. Hen strain had a significant effect only on digestibility of OM, percentage liver and Haugh unit score,
with the Gimmizah strain having higher values. 相似文献
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本研究旨在比较添加不同浓度的卵黄成分（全卵黄（EY）、卵黄浆蛋白（EYP）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）及水溶性卵黄蛋白（livetin））、大豆卵磷脂（SL）及β-环糊精胆固醇（CLC）对马精子冷冻效果的影响。选择4匹成年英纯血种公马进行采精,试验1：以INRA82+3.5%的混合抗冻剂作为基础冷冻液,添加0、2%、4%和8%浓度的EY、LDL、EYP或水溶性卵黄蛋白;试验2：以4%全卵黄组为对照,添加1%、2%和4% SL;试验3：在INRA82+3.5%的混合抗冻剂+4% EY基础液中添加0、0.75、1.5和3 mg/mL浓度的CLC。结果显示,EYP、LDL及水溶性卵黄蛋白3种卵黄组分均对马精子冷冻具有显著保护作用（P<0.05）,但不同卵黄组分之间及与EY组相比保护效果无显著差异（P>0.05）;添加低浓度（1%）的SL精子冻融后活力与对照组（4% EY组）相比无显著差异（P>0.05）,但添加高浓度SL组（2%和4%）冻融后精子TM、PM及RAP值均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）;添加不同浓度的CLC解冻后精子活力与未添加组无显著差异（P>0.05）。研究结果表明,卵黄中EYP、LDL和水溶性卵黄蛋白均对精子保护有效,保护效果与EY无显著差异;1% SL可获得与卵黄相似的保护效果;在含有卵黄的基础冷冻液中添加CLC未能提高精子冻后活力。 相似文献
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本试验皆在研究添加不同浓度大豆卵磷脂（SL）冷冻保存东佛里生奶绵羊精液的效果。我们在Tris基础稀释液中,添加18%蛋黄为对照组,添加0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%SL设为试验组,检测冷冻精液解冻后的精子活率和顶体完整率。结果显示,添加0.5%、2.5% SL冷冻稀释液稀释的精液,解冻后精子活率和顶体完整率与其他组之间存在显著差异（P<0.05）;添加18%蛋黄和1%～2% SL冷冻稀释液稀释的精液,冷冻解冻后精子活率和顶体完整率之间无显著差异（P>0.05）;添加18%蛋黄和1.0%～1.5% SL冷冻稀释液稀释后的精液,进行人工授精后母羊的妊娠率与对照组无显著差异（P>0.05）。因此,大豆卵磷脂可以作为冷冻保护剂用于东佛里生奶绵羊精液的冷冻保存,其最佳添加浓度为1～2%（g／L）。 相似文献
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桑叶粉对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用240只330日龄的健康罗曼商品蛋鸡,随机分为5个组,每组3个重复,每个重复16只。5组蛋鸡饲喂5种日粮,对照组饲喂基础日粮,其他处理组在基础日粮的基础上分别添加2%、4%、6%和8%的桑叶粉形成的试验日粮,试验期5周,研究桑叶粉对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。试验结果表明：在蛋鸡日粮中添加桑叶粉能降低蛋鸡每日的采食... 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究日粮中添加辣诺素（辣木和诺丽果的提取物）对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响。将产蛋高峰期（22周龄）的海兰褐商品蛋鸡540只随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。负对照组（NC）饲喂基础日粮,正对照组（PC）饲喂添加50 mg/kg杆菌肽锌的基础日粮,4个试验组分别饲喂添加0.25、0.50、0.75和1.00 g/kg辣诺素（LNS）的基础日粮。试验期24周。结果显示：①日粮处理对蛋鸡试验前期和后期生产性能均无显著影响（P>0.05）,试验后期添加0.50和0.75 g/kg辣诺素有改善料蛋比的趋势（P=0.087）;日粮处理对试验前期和后期鸡蛋蛋形指数、蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄重和哈氏单位均无显著影响（P>0.05）,但日粮中添加杆菌肽锌和辣诺素有提高蛋壳强度的趋势（P=0.062）,其中以添加0.75g/kg辣诺素组鸡蛋强度最高。②与正、负对照组相比,添加辣诺素显著增加了生蛋黄和熟蛋黄的罗氏蛋黄色比率（P<0.05）,显著降低了蛋黄胆固醇的含量（0.25 LNS组除外）（P<0.05）。③与负对照组相比,添加0.50 g/kg辣诺素显著提高了鸡蛋总黄酮、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）、卵磷脂、亚麻酸和亚油酸含量（P<0.05）。综合以上试验结果,辣诺素作为饲料添加剂具有提高鸡蛋营养品质的功能,考虑到添加成本,产蛋鸡日粮中添加0.25~0.50 g/kg为宜。 相似文献