共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
基于昌7-2导入系发掘干旱胁迫下玉米产量相关QTL位点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以昌7-2为轮回亲本,自交系郑独青为供体亲本,采用回交和定向选择的方法构建高代导入系群体。通过玉米56K芯片对极端株系进行基因分型,以IciMapping逐步回归分析法进行穗重、穗粒重以及百粒重等QTL定位。结果表明,共获得分布于玉米第1、3、5、9、10共5条染色体上的10个QTL位点。其中,与穗重、穗粒重相关的各4个,与百粒重相关的2个。第1、5、10染色体上存在同时控制穗重和穗粒重的相同位点,加性效应均来源于郑独青,贡献率均在22%以上。此外,第10染色体相同位点还同时控制1个微效加性的百粒重QTL。在QTL定位的基础上,获得了多位点聚合的导入系,同时携带第1、5、10染色体上3个QTL位点的导入系,其产量性状表现优于轮回亲本昌7-2。 相似文献
2.
基于小麦产量三要素的产量条件QTL分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了从单个QTL水平上解析产量与产量三要素的遗传基础,利用花培3号和豫麦57杂交获得的168个家系的DH群体及其遗传图谱,在5个环境下对产量进行了非条件QTL分析和基于产量三要素(穗粒数、千粒重和单位面积穗数)的条件QTL分析,共检测到9个非条件QTL和28个条件QTL。其中,检测到2个主效QTL(QY.sdau-4D和QY.sdau-6D.2),它们可分别解释15.77%和10.16%的表型变异。分别检测到6个"一因多效"QTL和11个微效QTL;其中,QYsdau-4D.2通过影响单位面积穗数、穗粒数和千粒重而影响产量,QYsdau-2D.1和QYsdau-3A.1能提高单位面积产量但不影响穗粒数,即单位面积产量和穗粒数在该位点上几乎没有关联。本研究结果为通过分子设计聚合高产有利基因提供了理论基础,对培育单位面积产量大幅度提高的小麦新品种具有重要意义。 相似文献
3.
荚果相关性状是花生产量构成的重要成分。为解析花生产量及产量相关性状的遗传基础，挖掘稳定存在的QTL，以荚果大小和重量存在显著差异的中花5号和ICGV 86699为亲本衍生的包含166个重组自交系群体为材料，对3个荚果相关性状中荚果长、荚果宽在5个环境，百果重在6个环境下进行性状考察，并结合群体的基因分型数据进行QTL定位分析。共检测到9个荚果长QTL、10个荚果宽QTL和12个百果重QTL。有10个QTL在多个环境被重复检测到，其中6个QTL在不同地点重复检测到，为稳定表达QTL，且稳定表达的QTL中5个（qPLB06.2、 qPLB06.3、qPWB06.2、qHPWB04.3、qHPWB06.3）在至少1个环境中贡献率超过10%。共发现5个QTL簇，其中位于 B06上的QTL簇Ⅳ和Ⅴ，均在多个环境下检测到稳定调控荚果长、荚果宽和百果重的QTL共定位，表明这些荚果相关性状具有明显的遗传相关性。 相似文献
4.
Damodar Poudyal Muhanad Akash Laxman Khatri Deepa Singh Shrestha Ralf Uptmoor 《Journal of Crop Improvement》2017,31(4):589-607
Grafting tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) onto introgression lines (ILs) derived from S. habrochaites with introgression of a quantitative trait locus (QTL), stm9, for shoot turgor maintainer located on chromosome 9 has been suggested for improving yield under abiotic stresses. However, the physiological and agronomic responses of grafts with IL rootstocks to low root-zone temperature (RZT) and drought stresses are not yet clearly understood. Therefore, recurrent parent (RP) grafted onto IL and donor (D) rootstocks, and self-grafted IL and RP were examined at different combinations of optimal (20°–26°C RZT and well-watered) and suboptimal (10°C RZT and well-watered, and 20°–26°C RZT and cyclic drought) temperatures. Graft combinations were compared with self-grafted controls for dry weights, stomatal conductance (gs), leaf parameters, osmotic adjustment, and stress tolerance index. The RP grafted onto IL rootstocks regulated gs efficiently, retained the green trait, and produced higher biomass than the self-grafted RP. The IL rootstocks improved tolerance of the scion to drought and low RZT. Potential of IL rootstocks for improving tomato production under stressed conditions is discussed. 相似文献
5.
以野生大豆ZYD00006为供体亲本,黑龙江省主栽品种绥农14为轮回亲本,连续多年回交并自交,构建了高世代染色体片段代换系BC3F3代161个株行。该群体经多代回交的遗传背景相对一致,大大提高了QTL定位的准确度。结合单因素方差分析法和独立样本T检验法对群体进行QTL定位,共获得9个单株粒重的QTL,分布于7个连锁群。两种方法中均被检测到的有3个QTL,分别为QSW-J-1、QSW-J-2和QSW-G-1;QSW-G-1和QSW-G-2与已有研究结果相吻合;其余7个QTL为新发现QTL,可能是本材料特有位点;其中QSW-J-1的导入片段长度是7.0 c M,且加性效应值为-2.7 g,可作为继续研究的首选位点。 相似文献
6.
Further improvement of rice productivity remains a challenge. Breeding is perceived as an important option to increase rice yield. However, the genetic progress of grain yield in most rice breeding programs was slow in the last decades. Although great progress in rice genomics and molecular biology has been achieved, the effect of such technological innovations on rice breeding is far small. Marker-assisted selection （MAS） for a few target quantitative trait loci （QTLs） has significant effects in improving qualitative traits, such as disease resistance. The success of MAS has therefore motivated breeders to identify and use major QTLs for yield and yield component traits. In this review, we summarized the recent methods in QTL identification, including novel statistical methods for linkage and association mapping, special population types, and whole-genome sequencing. We reviewed the successful application of marker-assisted gene introgression and gene pyramiding to improve grain yield and discussed the design of efficient MAS schemes to further increase the success rate of breeding programs. The use of well-characterized major QTLs through introgression and gene pyramiding is proven effective in improving grain yield, particularly yield under abiotic stress. Major QTLs that are stable across genetic background and growing environments are often found in less adapted germplasms, such as landraces and wild relatives. Advanced backcross QTL analysis and introgression lines, which integrate QTL discovery and utilization, are important methods for exploiting major QTLs contained in such germplasms. Next-generation sequencing substantially increases mapping resolution and accelerates the identification of casual genes underlying major QTLs. Practical guidelines derived from theoretical and empirical studies are given to guide the design of efficient marker-assisted gene introgression and pyramiding schemes. 相似文献
7.
普通野生稻苗期耐冷性QTL的鉴定与分子定位 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以两份普通野生稻核心种质资源DP15和DP30为供体、9311为受体构建染色体片段代换系鉴定苗期耐冷性QTL;利用苗期耐冷性最强的1个代换系构建QTL作图群体,用SSR标记对其主效QTL进行定位。研究结果表明,两个抗源DP15和DP30所含的苗期耐冷性QTL的数量、位点及耐冷性效应均存在明显的差异。在基本上覆盖两个亲本全基因组的230份BC4F2代换系中共发现19个苗期耐冷性QTL,分布在水稻12条染色体上,第3和第8染色体上有比较密集的苗期耐冷性QTL分布。这19个分布于全基因组的苗期耐冷性QTL被分别分离到不同的野生稻染色体片段代换系里,效应最小的微效QTL位点所在的代换系在苗期耐冷性鉴定中的活苗率仅为8%,而效应最大的主效QTL位点所在代换系的活苗率达到74%。这个主效QTL qSCT 3 1被定位在第3染色体着丝点附近长臂上的RM15031―RM3400区间,距离最近的标记RM15040、RM1164的遗传距离为1.8 cM。 相似文献
8.
Drought stress and tropical maize: QTLs for leaf greenness, plant senescence, and root capacitance 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Rainer Messmer Yvan Fracheboud Marianne BänzigerPeter Stamp Jean-Marcel Ribaut 《Field Crops Research》2011,124(1):93-103
Genetically improved crops with higher water productivity help maintaining and increasing agricultural production in drought-prone areas. Their development involves, as in the case of maize, selection for high grain yield and improved secondary traits. With the objective of better understanding the role and regulation of the morphology of drought adaptation, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of tropical maize (Zea mays L.) was evaluated in six field experiments under intermediate (IS) and severe (SS) drought stress at flowering and under well-watered (WW) conditions in Mexico. The analyses per water regime revealed 32 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the five measurements of relative content of leaf chlorophyll (CL), 25 for the five visual ratings of plant senescence (SEN), and 11 for the three measurements of electric root capacitance (RCT). Impressive clusters of QTLs were observed on chromosomes 2 (bins 2.03-05), 4 (bin 4.09), and 10 (bins 10.04-05), suggesting that a small number of genes control chlorophyll metabolism and plant senescence. The high CL and low SEN of the drought resistant parent are aspects of its high water productivity resulting from improved constitutive traits. Co-locations of QTLs for CL, SEN and RCT with QTLs for plant height (PHT), the anthesis-silking interval (ASI), and grain yield (GY) were observed in bins 1.06-07, 8.06, and 4.09 but not for the large QTL clusters on chromosomes 2 and 10, suggesting independent genetic control of reproductive traits. Still, the phenotypic data showed that high CL and low SEN were favorable for grain yield production under drought, while delayed SEN was associated with higher grain yield under WW conditions. CL and SEN are suitable to complement selection for drought tolerance in order to sustain future breeding progress. 相似文献
9.
10.
水稻苗期抗旱性的QTL分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用251个株系组成的Maybelle/白叶秋的加倍单倍体群体,构建了由226个SSR分子标记组成的遗传图谱。通过两年抗旱棚苗期抗旱性鉴定,应用复合区间作图法和QTLNetwork2.0对水稻苗期抗旱性进行QTL定位及互作效应分析。利用前者在两年共检测到5个抗旱性相关QTL,分别位于第2、3、5、6和8染色体;而通过后者在第2、3、5和6染色体上也找到了抗旱性相关的QTL,并且通过两种方法检测到的第3、5、6染色体上的3个QTL所在区间吻合;还发现4个具有上位性的QTL。所有抗旱性QTL的加性效应均为正值,表明来自父本白叶秋的这些抗旱性位点可以提高水稻的抗旱性。 相似文献
11.
利用高世代回交群体对大豆小粒性状的基因型分析及QTL定位 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用野生型大豆ZYD00006（供体亲本）与主栽品种绥农14（轮回亲本）所构建的高世代回交导入系,经过严格的百粒重筛选鉴定,得到43个百粒重性状明显小于轮回亲本的导入系个体。利用这套选择群体结合随机对照群体和基因型分析,通过基于遗传搭车原理的卡方分析,检测到分布于7个连锁群上的9个与大豆小粒性状相关的QTL位点,对小粒性状表现为正效应,为大豆小粒性状分子辅助育种提供有用的分子标记。 相似文献
12.
为挖掘控制大麦籽粒苯丙基酸含量的QTL,以紫光芒裸二棱和Schooner构建的包含193个家系的重组自交系（RIL）为材料,测定RIL群体及亲本籽粒苯丙氨酸含量,并结合SSR标记和完备区间作图法构建遗传连锁图谱,对大麦籽粒苯丙氨酸含量进行QTL定位。结果表明,紫光芒裸二棱籽粒苯丙氨酸含量为1.23 mg·g-1,Schooner籽粒苯丙氨酸含量为0.60 mg·g-1,群体籽粒苯丙氨酸含量在0.59~1.24 mg·g-1之间;所构建的大麦遗传连锁图谱包含180对SSR标记,总遗传距离为2 671.03 cM,平均标记间距为14.84 cM;共检测到4个控制大麦籽粒苯丙氨酸含量的QTL,均为新发现的QTL,除 qPHE-4H加性效应来自母本紫光芒裸二棱外,其他3个QTL加性效应均来自父本Schooner。 qPHE-2H和 qPHE-7H为主效QTL,分别位于2H和7H染色体上,表型贡献率分别为12.32%和15.45%。该研究结果为大麦籽粒苯丙氨酸含量QTL精细定位奠定了基础。 相似文献
13.
ZHANG Hong-jun ;Qu Li-jun ;XIANG Chao ;WANG Hui ;XIA Jia-fa ;LI Ze-fu ;GAO Yong-ming ;SHI Ying-yao 《水稻科学》2014,21(4):201-209
Abnormal heading in hybrid rice production has caused great economic loss in recent years,but the genetic basis of this phenomenon remains elusive.In this study,we developed four testcross populations using 38 introgression lines(ILs)from Shuhui 527(SH527)/Fuhui 838(FH838)//SH527population as male parents and four male sterile lines(MSLs;namely II-32A,Xieqingzao A,Gang 46A and Jin 23A)as female parents.Progeny testing allowed us to identify 55 abnormal heading combinations in Hefei,but had late heading date in Hangzhou and Guangzhou of China.By one-and two-way analysis of variance,a total of 21 QTLs and 31 pairs of epistatic QTLs associated with photosensitivity were identified in the four populations,respectively.Genotypic analysis showed that the IL parent of most abnormal heading combinations showed some introgressions at markers RM331 and RM3395 on chromosome 8(strongly associated with the known genes OsHAP3H/DTH8/Ghd8/LHD1)of donor FH838alleles,and these two markers were also identified as affecting photosensitivity.The observation that the recipient parent(SH527),donor parent(FH838),their testcross combinations with four MSLs,and the IL parents of abnormal heading combinations had normal heading date in Hefei suggested that OsHAP3H/DTH8/Ghd8/LHD1 showed no independent regulation on abnormal heading in the abnormal heading combinations.It is noteworthy that complex epistasis among RM331 or RM3395 with other loci,including dominant×additive,additive×dominant,and dominant×dominant epistases,were identified only in the four testcross populations of the current study,but not in the SH527/FH838//SH527 population,suggesting the cause of abnormal heading in abnormal heading combinations in Hefei and delayed heading in Hangzhou and Guangzhou. 相似文献
14.
Mapping QTLs for Drought Tolerance at Seedling Stage in Rice Using Doubled Haploid Population 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
QTLs for drought tolerance at the rice seedling stage were analyzed using a doubled haploid (DH) population consisted of 251 lines from the cross between a japonica parent Maybelle and an indica parent Baiyeqiu. A genetic linkage map with 226 SSR marker loci was constructed. Single-locus analysis following composite interval mapping (CIM) detected a total of five QTLs located on five different chromosomes of rice. Four QTLs were also detected following two-locus analysis, resolving two pairs of epistatic QT... 相似文献
15.
Genetic analysis of rainfed lowland rice drought tolerance under naturally-occurring stress in eastern India: Heritability and QTL effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Drought tolerance is an important rainfed rice breeding objective, but because the heritability (H) of yield under drought stress is thought to be low, secondary physiological traits are considered better targets for selection than yield under stress per se. This assumption has rarely been tested, and there are no reports on H for yield under drought stress from experiments repeated over seasons in rainfed lowland rice. To assess the potential for improving yield under drought stress via direct selection, and to identify associated quantitative trait loci (QTL), doubled haploid lines with a narrow range of flowering dates, derived from the population CT9993-5-10-1-M/IR62266-42-6-2, were screened under full irrigation and severe drought stress induced by draining the paddy before flowering in 2000–2002 at Raipur, India. Drought stress reduced mean yield by 80%. H was similar in stress and non-stress trials, as was the relative magnitude of the genotype and genotype × year variances. The genetic correlation between yield in stress and non-stress conditions was 0.8, indicating that about 64% of the genetic variation for yield under stress was accounted for by differences in yield potential also expressed in irrigated environments. These results indicate that direct selection for yield under drought stress can produce yield gains under stress without reducing yield potential. There was no secondary trait for which selection resulted in greater predicted response in yield under stress than direct selection for stress yield per se. A QTL was detected on chromosome 1 near sd1 that explained 32% of the genetic variation for yield under stress, but only 4% under non-stress. Its effect was consistent across years. This QTL accounted for much of the variation in drought yield not accounted for by variation in yield potential. 相似文献
16.
为定位年际间稳定、群体间通用的大豆四粒荚QTL,以2013-2016年表型数据为基础,利用RIL群体结合SLAF-seq高密度遗传图谱对大豆四粒荚数进行QTL分析,利用含目标区间的导入系个体对QTL进行表型验证。结果表明:RILs群体大豆四粒荚QTL分析共获得8个QTL,其中在Gm06染色体上检测到4个位置相近的QTLs,加性效应为正值,区间大小0.62Mb,在Gm16染色体上检测到4个位置相同的QTL,加性效应为负值,区间大小1.04Mb,这些QTL是不同年际间稳定存在的位点。共有5个导入系个体含有Gm06染色体目标区间,这些个体在不同年际间的四粒荚表型值均显著高于轮回亲本,共有7个导入系个体含有Gm16染色体目标区间,这些个体在不同年际间的四粒荚数表型值均显著低于轮回亲本,表明目标区间的导入对导入系四粒荚数表型具有相应的增效或减效作用,从而在全基因组导入系群体中验证了QTL的准确性与通用性。研究结果为大豆四粒荚数候选基因挖掘及分子辅助育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
17.
18.
株高和穗长是影响小麦高产稳产的重要农艺性状。为进一步发掘控制株高和穗长的主效QTL,以硬粒小麦矮兰麦和野生二粒小麦LM001构建的F8代重组自交系（RIL）群体为材料,基于小麦55K SNP芯片构建的遗传连锁图谱,并结合5年8个生态环境的株高和穗长表型数据,进行QTL定位和遗传解析。结果表明,在RIL群体中,株高和穗长均呈现正态分布,符合数量性状遗传特征。共检测到24个QTL,其中7个与株高相关,分布在2A、2B、4B、5A、6A和7A染色体上,可解释7.46%~20.03%的表型变异;17个与穗长相关,分布在2A、2B、3A、4A、4B、5A和6B染色体上,可解释6.52%~17.10%的表型变异。控制株高的 QPh.sicau-AM-4B和 QPh.sicau-AM-7A以及控制穗长的 QSl.sicau-AM-2B.2和 QSl.sicau-AM-4B.4能够同时在单环境和多环境分析中检测到,为稳定的主效QTL,分别解释了9.17%~20.03%、10.44%~ 14.48%、10.41%~16.29%和7.54%~11.70%的表型变异。此外,在RIL群体子代中存在超亲分离现象,进一步的QTL聚合效应分析表明,株高位点 QPh.sicau-AM-4B和 QPh.sicau-AM-7A的聚合或者穗长位点 QSl.sicau-AM-2B.2和 QSl.sicau-AM-4B.4的聚合均能极显著地提高株高和穗长表型,表明鉴定到的控制株高和穗长的QTL位点具有累加效应。 相似文献
19.
为明确抗填料霉病地方小麦品种贵协3号的赤霉病抗性遗传基础,利用感赤霉病品种绵麦96-5及其构建的含有196个株系的双单倍体(doubled haploid,DH)群体为材料,于2018和2019年分别在江苏南京和四川绵阳对赤霉病严重度进行调查,并利用55K DArT基因芯片技术构建的遗传图谱进行QTL定位。结果表明,所构建的遗传图谱覆盖小麦全基因组,图谱全长15 195.8 cM,平均图距10.6 cM。利用复合区间作图法共检测到3个抗赤霉病QTL（QTL-FHB.GX-2B、QTL-FHB.GX-5B和QTL-FHB.GX-7A）,分布在2B、5B和7A染色体上,抗性等位基因均来自于抗病亲本贵协3号,可解释1.2%~1.5%的表型变异,说明贵协3号的赤霉病抗性是多个微效基因/QTLs的累加效应。 相似文献
20.
Akira Fukushima Takami Hayashi Hisatoshi Ohta Ryota Kaji Narifumi Yokogami Naoto Tsuda 《Plant Production Science》2017,20(1):149-155
This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between the number of pollen grains per anther and spikelet fertility under low temperature conditions in the rice cultivars and lines including lines with quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cold tolerance, adapted to the Tohoku region of northern Japan. Cold-water treatment decreased anther length, the number of pollen grains per anther, and spikelet fertility in all cultivars and lines. The number of pollen grains was proportional to anther length in all cultivars and lines and under all temperatures. Spikelet fertility decreased with decreasing the number of pollen grains in cold-water treatments at 18.5 and 19.3?°C. ‘Ouu 415’, with the qLTB3 QTL for cold tolerance, had 28% more pollen grains and 9% higher spikelet fertility than the recurrent parent, ‘Hitomebore’, in the 18.5?°C cold-water treatment, suggesting that qLTB3 increased both parameters. Lines with the qCTB8 QTL for cold tolerance had significantly more pollen grains in two of the three years and significantly higher spikelet fertility in all three years in the 19.3?°C cold-water treatment, suggesting that qCTB8 reinforced cold tolerance. Ctb1, a proposed cold-tolerance QTL, had no effect on the number of pollen grains or spikelet fertility. In conclusion, the cultivars and lines with more pollen grains had a higher cold tolerance. Some of QTLs were inferred to increase the number of pollen grains and reinforce cold tolerance. 相似文献