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1.
以莴苣为研究材料,以10 g/L L-抗坏血酸、5 g/L柠檬酸、0.2 g/L水杨酸和0.2 g/L阿魏酸处理鲜切莴苣,去离子水浸泡为对照组,通过测定褐变度、总酚、类黄酮、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性及苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性,探讨不同抗褐变剂对鲜切莴苣褐变的影响。结果表明,4种抗褐变剂处理均能够有效抑制酶促褐变有关酶活性的升高,减少多酚物质的含量,降低褐变度,有效地保证了鲜切莴苣的贮藏品质,其中0.2 g/L阿魏酸处理的效果最好。 相似文献
2.
以山药为原料进行鲜切处理,分别在冰温,4,14,25℃下贮藏,通过对样品感官评分、褐变度、失重率、多酚氧化酶活性(PPO)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和菌落总数等指标进行测定,研究冰温贮藏技术对鲜切山药品质影响。随后基于试验数据,利用阿伦尼乌斯方程建立鲜切山药MDA含量和褐变度品质指标的一级动力学模型来模拟鲜切山药的货架期模型,并以偏差度(BF)、准确度(AF)对上述货架期模型进行评价。结果表明,冰温贮藏可以有效延缓鲜切山药的褐变,同时降低失重率,保持多酚氧化酶活性,降低丙二醛含量,维持低微生物水平,能够较好地保持鲜切山药的品质。以MDA含量为品质指标预测的货架期模型AF为0.9,更趋近于1,可以更好地反映鲜切山药的品质指标变化,建模更准确,该模型EA=54732.03232 J/mol,k0=6170217959.94,可在适宜的范围内对鲜切山药进行实时监测。 相似文献
3.
在空气和Ｎ２中对６．１％和１８．１％两个含水量的莴苣种子贮藏中生活力的失和染色体损伤情况进行了研究。在低含水量情况下，在Ｎ２中种子存活比在空气中好，但在高含水量情况下，在空气中比在Ｎ２中存活时间长，不管那种情况，贮藏中周围气体对存活种子的生活力及染色体损伤都影响不大，因而，种了贮藏在Ｎ２和空气中都同样表现为染色体畸变和生活力的夹失，但湿种子使生活力失的染色体畸为数目比干种子低。该文试图对种子在惰怀 相似文献
4.
CA贮藏对新鲜石刁柏的影响 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
用9种不同的CA条件与低温空气贮藏进行比较,结果证明用CA贮藏法进行石刁柏的贮藏保鲜是可行的。在设定的10个试验区中,当O_2浓度保持在21％的前提下,适当提高CO_2的浓度可提高贮藏效果。以21％O_2,30％CO:_2的贮藏条件保鲜效果较好。当CO_2浓度为0％时,O_2的浓度在1～0％之间保鲜效果最好。在10个试验区中,以空气条件下贮藏效果最差。 相似文献
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6.
莴苣种子在50℃下恒温贮藏,不同含水量的种子老化速度差异很大,高水分种子迅速死亡,贮藏第28天,含水量＞6.7%的种子已死亡,而含水量＜6.7%的种子发芽率在90%以上.随着贮藏时间的延长,种子发芽率、活力下降明显,种子贮藏至第392天时,含水量＞4.1%的种子全部死亡,而含水量为1.6%～4.1%的种子其发芽率≥68%.发芽指数和活力指数的下降要快于发芽率.50℃恒温贮藏392d,含水量为2.0%～3.0%的种子活力下降最慢,含水量2.0%～3.0%是莴苣种子50℃恒温贮藏的最佳含水量. 相似文献
7.
对海南绿橙低温贮藏的适贮温度、贮藏方法以及1-MCP处理对海南绿橙贮藏保鲜的效果进行了研究，比较了7种不同的保鲜处理方法对海南绿橙货架期的影响。结果表明，海南绿橙低温（0～8℃）贮藏适宜温度为5～6℃，采用BD-1热带水果涂膜保鲜剂及无纺布保鲜袋包装，贮藏效果最佳，贮藏期可达100天以上，商品率达100％。而1-MCP处理对海南绿橙保鲜效果不明显；货架期期间采用BD-1热带水果涂膜保鲜剂涂膜＋控湿袋＋无纺布保鲜袋处理，货架期可达15天。 相似文献
8.
国内外果蔬鲜切加工及保鲜技术研究现状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着工作节奏的加快,方便快捷食品需求的增强,鲜切加工产品越来越受到关注。阐述了鲜切产品的加工过程、原料来源及选择,清洗、去皮、切分、护色、包装和贮藏等各项技术,论述和比较了鲜切产品的保鲜技术包括冷藏保鲜、保鲜剂保鲜、MAP保鲜及冷杀菌保鲜等,分析了加工过程中需要注意的问题,最后对鲜切加工技术的发展提出了展望。 相似文献
9.
概述了影响鲜枣贮藏保鲜的主要因素,介绍了鲜枣贮藏保鲜的主要技术及研究进展,以期为鲜枣的贮藏保鲜研究及应用提供参考。 相似文献
10.
以嘎啦苹果为试材,研究1－MCP与乙烯脱除剂不同处理对0℃贮藏180d的果实生理与品质变化的影响。结果表明,1－MCP处理可较持久地抑制果实的乙烯合成,进而抑制果实的呼吸作用,延缓衰老,保持果实品质,其中,1．0μL．L^-1浓度1-MCP处理的嘎啦苹果可贮藏180d,0．5μL·L^-1浓度的1-MCP处理可贮藏150d：乙烯脱除剂处理在贮藏前期对抑制果实乙烯合成、延缓衰老也有较好的作用．其中MA＋2袋乙烯脱除剂处理可贮藏150d,MA＋1袋乙烯脱除剂处理可贮藏120d;对照果实（MA贮藏）衰老较快．0℃条件下仅能贮藏90d。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
13.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
14.
Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
15.
B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
16.
In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
17.
[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
18.
不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
19.
Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
20.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献