共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
杨树与落叶松原木中应力波的不同传播速度 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过应力波测试仪对健康的杨树和落叶松原木试件进行检测试验,研究应力波在这2种原木试件中径向、弦向和纵向(原木心材和边材)传播速度之间的关系以及径向传播速度和直径、弦向传播速度和检测角之间的相关关系.结果表明:在这2种树种中,应力波径向传播速度和原木直径呈正相关,原木纵向边材传播速度比相应心材中的要大,弦向传播速度与检测角呈现二次函数关系.通过试验分析得出应力波在原木纵向心材和边材传播速度与径向传播速度比的域值. 相似文献
2.
3.
应力波在原木中传播理论的研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
对原木中微小单元进行动力学分析,确定应力波沿原木轴向传播的波动方程,应用分离变量法,得出应力波沿原木轴向传播的位移、速度、应力和应变方程。根据波动学理论中的反射和透射原理,从传播方向与界面垂直和不垂直2个方面得出界面两侧位移、速度、应力、应变的关系式。在此基础上,建立传播方向与界面垂直情况下的应力波沿原木径向或弦向传播的位移、速度、应力和应变方程。从这些方程可以得出:微小单元的位移、速度、应力和应变不仅与原木试件的弹性模量、密度有关,而且与小锤的敲击力、小锤与原木试件作用时间、敲击方向有关。 相似文献
4.
原木内部腐朽应力波二维图像的获取与分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
应用Arbotom应力波检测系统,对东北林区3个针叶树种(云杉、冷杉、落叶松)和9个阔叶树种(白桦、色木、椴木、杨木、水曲柳、核桃楸、榆木、铁木和柞木)的原木内部腐朽进行检测,并对原木内部腐朽面积的实际估算值和检测估算值进行比较分析.结果表明:Arbotom应力波无损检测系统可以获取原木内部腐朽的二维图像,但检测准确率较低,建议采用多点测量和改进应力波测试仪器,以提高检测准确率. 相似文献
5.
《林业科学》2021,57(9)
【目的】提出一种基于射线分割的林木应力波断层成像算法,研究应力波在林木横截面上的信号分布情况,提高应力波断层成像精度,准确反映林木内部缺陷的位置、大小和腐朽程度。【方法】选取4株原木样本(松树、乌桕)和4株活树样本(香樟、圆柏、柳树)进行应力波断层成像试验,利用FAKOPP应力波检测仪采集样本横截面应力波数据。首先校正采集的应力波速度,绘制应力波传播射线图,对成像区域进行网格划分;然后分割每一条应力波传播射线,基于已知射线传播速度估算待分割射线上多条线段的速度,增加应力波信号量,得到改进的应力波传播射线图;最后根据改进的应力波传播射线图估算成像区域内网格单元的速度,结合图像处理方法,生成断层图像。为验证算法的可行性,使用Resistograph微钻阻力仪评估活树内部健康状况。【结果】基于射线分割的林木应力波断层成像算法能够较准确地重建4株原木样本的断层图像。使用Resistograph微钻阻力仪对活树进行多路径钻探,与阻力曲线图相比发现,基于射线分割的林木应力波断层成像算法生成的断层成像具有较高精度。【结论】基于射线分割的林木应力波断层成像算法可提高初始网格单元速度的准确性和相关性,能够实现林木内部缺陷的高精度成像,适用于林木无损检测。 相似文献
6.
为了探讨振动法测量木材动态弹性模量时应力波波速的差异性,本实验选取含有不同节子及内部孔洞的国产油松、马尾松原木为试验材料,采用纵向敲击法测量原木试材的动态弹性模量。建立原木缺陷的数学模型,模拟计算和分析表明,木材节子及孔洞对应力波波速及弹性模量均有影响,而且降低了木材品质。 相似文献
7.
应力波在旱柳立木内的传播规律分析及其安全评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用应力波对东北林业大学校园内的40株旱柳进行检测,获取样本树120个横断面的二维应力波图像及波速矩阵.依据图像,把立木横断面腐朽状况分为尤腐朽、心腐、边腐、心腐边腐共存断面等4类.进一步分析表明:应力波在健康立木横断面内径向传播速度最快,并且波从某一传感器到其余传感器(按顺时针计)的速度变化是先增后减的趋势;立木腐朽会导致应力波传播速度降低,应力波在心腐立木横断面内传播趋势不是先增后减,而变成非常平坦的曲线.因此,可以利用应力波波速的变化来对立木内部腐朽进行估计.另外,根据应力波检测成像结果可以识别腐朽面积及位置,并能够依据断面t/R值对旱柳行道树的安全性进行初步评价. 相似文献
8.
对樟子松活立木、原木及其板材的应力波传播速度进行检测,得出活立木与原木的应力波传播速度非常接近;樟子松原木段与其板材的应力波传播速度具有较大的相关性,相关系数为R2=0.6,因此可以通过活立木的应力波传播速度来预测原木制成板材后的应力波传播速度。 相似文献
9.
应力波在树木径切面内的传播速度模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《林业科学》2016,(7)
【目的】研究应力波在不同树木径切面内传播速度的变化情况,建立传播速度模型,以期进一步认识应力波在树木径切面内的传播规律及其影响因素,为树木内部缺陷的三维成像技术提供理论依据。【方法】首先通过理论分析,建立应力波在树木径切面内的传播速度模型;然后以浙江农林大学植物园内8类有代表性的树种(香樟、枫香、乐昌含笑、鹅掌楸、响叶杨、悬铃木、松树、白杨)为试验材料,在样本径切面上,采用Arbotom应力波木材无损检测仪测量与径向成不同角度方向的应力波传播时间,计算不同角度方向上的应力波传播速度,并对健康样本径切面内沿方向角θ的应力波速度vθ和径向应力波速度v0的比值vθ/v0与方向角θ之间的关系进行回归分析。【结果】应力波在健康香樟样本径切面内的传播速度随方向角的增大而增大,径向传播速度最小,其原因是当应力波在树木内部沿径向传播时,传播方向与树木纤维方向垂直,受到细胞壁边界的阻碍较多,传播速度较慢;而随着方向角的增大,应力波传播方向与树木纤维方向逐渐平行,受到细胞壁边界的阻碍变少,传播速度逐渐增加。枫香、乐昌含笑、鹅掌楸、响叶杨4种树种的健康样本在相同方向角上的应力波传播速度大小不同,但其变化规律与香樟活力木相同。对健康样本试验数据的拟合结果为vθ/v0≈kθ2+1(0≤k≤1),k值取决于被测树木的物理力学参数。在所建立的回归模型中,决定系数R2均大于0.92,表明模型具有较高的拟合优度。在有缺陷的悬铃木样本试验中,径切面上方向角为-20°~-50°的应力波传播路径经过缺陷区域,其余传播路径均位于健康区域内。当应力波传播路径位于径切面的健康区域时,传播速度随方向角的变化趋势满足一元二次函数模型;但当应力波经过径切面的缺陷区域时,传播速度明显降低,不再符合正常情况下的传播速度模型。针对松树和白杨原木试样,人工设计了空洞缺陷,并对产生空洞前后的原木径切面的应力波传播速度进行了对比。最后,基于建立的径切面内应力波传播速度模型,设计了一种树木内部缺陷四向交叉检测方法,该方法能够较准确地检测木材内部缺陷的位置。【结论】在健康树木的径切面上,方向角θ与vθ/v0之间满足一元二次函数关系vθ/v0≈kθ2+1(0≤k≤1),对不同树种的检测结果均表明了该模型的有效性;进一步的试验证明了该速度模型对于树木内部缺陷检测具有很好的指导作用。 相似文献
10.
温度和含水率对红松木材中应力波传播速度的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为分析应力波在木材中传播的影响因素,研究应力波传播规律,在实验室内,采用Arbotom应力波测试仪测试60个红松无疵小试件在不同含水率(从绝干到饱湿)和不同温度(-30,-20,-10,-5,0,5和20℃)下的应力波传播速度。在此基础上,分别分析应力波传播速度随含水率或温度变化的规律,探讨导致应力波传播速度变化的原因,并建立三者之间的回归模型。结果表明:含水率和温度是影响木材中应力波传播速度的2个重要因素。应力波传播速度随含水率增加或温度升高均呈逐渐下降趋势。在含水率32%(纤维饱和点附近)以下,传播速度随含水率增加下降幅度较大,反之则较小;当含水率低于50%时,传播速度随温度升高呈线性下降趋势;当含水率高于50%时,传播速度在0℃上下有一明显的跳跃。含水率、温度与应力波传播速度之间的二元线性回归模型拟合优度较高,决定系数R2均高于0.95。 相似文献
11.
In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of identifying wood defects and to realize the maximum wood utilization of trees, we employed an experimental method to test the stress wave propagation velocity in standing Fraxinus mandshurica trees selected from the Harbin Forest Experimental Station in winter. Thirty standing trees in good conditions were taken as test specimens and stress wave propagation velocities were measured using a FAKOPP Microsecond Timer in trees in both fall and winter. The test data were processed with the aid of Excel and SPSS software. The results show that 1) the velocities in longitudinal and radial stress wave propagation in frozen F. mandshurica trees were much higher than those in the non-frozen trees; 2) there was a highly positive correlation between longitudinal stress wave propagation velocity in frozen and non-frozen states, with a correlation coefficient of 0.82, as well as a positive correlation between radial stress wave propagation velocity in frozen and non-frozen states with a correlation coefficient of 0.87; 3) in the frozen state, the longitudinal stress wave propagation velocity was significantly affected by the moisture content (MC) of standing tree, while it was not obvious in the non-frozen state and 4) the radial stress wave propagation velocity was not significantly affected by MC in either frozen or non-frozen state. 相似文献
12.
Two nondestructive evaluation methods, impact-induced stress wave techniques and ultrasonics, were investigated to detect
lathe checks and knots in veneer, which were identified as key veneer quality properties for some engineered applications.
Measurements included wave velocity and attenuation in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the grain. The results
showed that both techniques were sensitive to lathe checks when using wave propagation perpendicular to grain. For wave transmission
parallel to grain, signals showed some sensitivity to knots. There was no significant difference in wave velocity measurements
between stress wave and ultrasonic techniques. Regression models based on stress wave velocities in these two orthogonal directions
were developed to estimate the veneer quality index giving a coefficient of determination ranging between 0.39 and 0.50.
Received: 20 December 1998 相似文献
13.
Effects of grain angles of face veneer on surface wave velocities and dynamic shear moduli of wood-based composites 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yingcheng Hu Tetsuya Nakao Takahisa Nakai Jiyou Gu Fenghu Wang 《Journal of Wood Science》2005,51(3):286-289
The effects of grain angle of face veneer on surface wave velocity and dynamic shear modulus of three types of wood-based composites were examined using a surface wave propagation method. It was found that grain-angle dependence of surface wave velocity and dynamic shear modulus indeed exists for wood-based composites. Grain angles of face veneer were found to have substantial effects on the surface wave velocities and dynamic shear moduli of wood–plastic composite (WP), wood–fiberboard composite (WF), and wood–metal composite (WM). The orthotropic properties of the three composites were defined as the ratio of surface wave velocities at 0° and 90° grain angles (V0/V90), which were 3.7, 2.2, and 2.0 for WP, WF, and WM, respectively. For WP, WF, and WM, the dynamic shear moduli in the 90° grain angle of face veneer were approximately 7%, 19%, and 25% of that in the 0° grain angle, respectively. The relationships between grain angles of face veneer and the shear moduli of the three types of wood-based composites could be represented by Hankinson’s equation, and their optimal n values were 2.1, 1.2, and 1.3 for WP, WF, and WM, respectively.Part of this study was presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the Chugoku Shikoku Branch of the Japan Wood Research Society, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan, September 2003 相似文献
14.
15.
Changes in the velocity of ultrasonic waves propagating in wood normal to the direction of applied stresses are discussed. The ultrasonic modes considered here are longitudinal waves and shear waves with particle motion along the direction of the applied stress. The ultrasonic velocities in wood were measured by the sing-around method. From the results of the acoustoelastic experiments in wood, changes in the ultrasonic velocities were expressed as a function of the applied stress. For the shear waves, the ultrasonic velocities decreased with an increase in compressive stress from the initial stress level. On the other hand, the ultrasonic velocities under tensile stress increased with an increase in stress at low stress levels and then gradually decreased with further a increase in the stress. In contrast, the longitudinal wave velocities increased with an increase in compressive stress at low stress levels and then decreased with additional increase in the stress. The wave velocities under a tensile stress decreased with an increase in the stress. The proportional relations between velocities and stresses at low stress levels are confirmed, and acoustoelastic constants were obtained from these relations. Their absolute values were smaller than those reported in previous studies but larger than those of metals. The acoustoelastic effect seemed to be almost equivalent on the sensitivity for stress measurement as the strain-gauge method.Part of this research was presented at the 48th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Shizuoka, April, 1998 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
In this article, we report on an estimation method for Young’s modulus that entails measuring only the stress wave propagation
velocity of timber built into structures such as wooden buildings. Methods of estimating Young’s modulus that use the stress
wave propagation velocity and characteristic frequency of timber in conjunction with timber density have long been used. In
this article, we propose a method of easily and accurately estimating Young’s modulus from the stress wave propagation velocity
without knowing the timber density. This method is based on a database of wood strength performance and density accumulated
from a variety of research data and the method estimates Young’s modulus by a simulation method. We compared the Young’s moduli
estimated by this method with those obtained by the bending test and by the measurement of the stress wave propagation velocity
and density, and found similar results. This coincidence suggests that the method of estimating Young’s modulus presented
in this article is valid. For example, the method is effective for convenient evaluation on site when determining whether
a wooden building’s structural components should be reused or replaced when repairing or remodeling a building. 相似文献