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1.
Objective: To evaluate a distractable titanium cage for the treatment of disk‐associated wobbler syndrome (DAWS). Study Design: Prospective study. Animals: Dogs (n=7) with DAWS. Methods: After total discectomy of C5–C6 and C6–C7, the median part of the vertebral body of C6 was removed with preservation of the lateral walls and dorsal cortex. The removed cancellous bone was collected. The implant was placed in the bony defect of C6. After placement, the titanium cage was distracted and affixed by 4 screws. Finally, the implant was filled and covered with cancellous bone. Dogs had follow‐up examinations at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Six months after surgery, cervical radiographs and computed tomography (CT) were performed. Results: Although no intraoperative complications occurred, correct placement of the cage was technically challenging. Revision surgery was necessary in 2 dogs because of implant loosening and aggravation of vertebral tilting. All dogs improved after discharge from the hospital. In 1 dog, recurrence of clinical signs caused by articular facet proliferation at an adjacent intervertebral disk space occurred. Radiographs at 6 months demonstrated cage subsidence in 4 dogs. In all dogs, CT was suggestive for fusion of the bone graft with the vertebral body. Conclusions: Although results are promising, technical adaptations will be necessary to make this specific surgical technique, designed for humans, suitable for routine use in dogs.  相似文献   

2.
Objective: To evaluate clinical and radiographic outcome in dogs with caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy (CCSM) treated with an intervertebral fusion cage and locking plates. Study Design: Prospective clinical study. Animals: Large breed dogs (n=14) with CCSM. Methods: Dogs had single level cervical spine distraction/fusion performed using an intervertebral cage with a hollow center filled with cancellous autograft and 2 ventrally applied locking plates. Outcome was measured using neurologic scores and radiographic interpretation 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively. Results: The surgical procedure was well tolerated in all dogs. Final outcome at 12 months was available in 9 dogs. Five dogs were judged excellent, 1 dog was good, 2 dogs were satisfactory, and 2 dogs were poor because of adjacent segment disease. Four dogs died for reasons unrelated to the procedure. Radiographically, implants remained stable over the entire follow‐up period. The disc space continued to fill with an immature pattern of new bone, which showed progressive increase in opacity and quantity. Subsidence of the cage (median 2 mm) was detected in 9 dogs at 6 weeks and remained unchanged in those that could be followed further. Conclusion: Distraction–fusion of single level CCSM in dogs with a combination of intervertebral cage and ventral locking plates is clinically effective and results in successful bony fusion.  相似文献   

3.
为研究甘南地区欧拉羊杂交改良山谷型藏羊效果,对欧拉羊与山谷型藏羊杂交试验组和山谷型藏羊本交对照组所产后代的初生、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄的体尺、体重进行了跟踪测定,并对不同年龄段杂交后代与对照组后代进行了对比分析和差异显著性检验。结果表明：杂交F1代初生、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄的体尺、体重极显著的高于对照组（P〈0.01）,初生、18月龄管围差异显著,3月龄、6月龄、12月龄管围差异不显著（P〉0.05）。  相似文献   

4.
Tibia segmental defect healing in sheep were clinically, radiographically and histologically evaluated. Twelve young sheep aged four to five months were divided into two groups, G1 and G2. A 3.5 cm long segmental defect was created in the right tibial diaphysis with maintenance of the periosteum. The bone defects in both groups were stabilized with a bone plate combined with a titanium cage. In G1 the cage was filled with pieces of autologous cortical bone graft. In G2 it was filled with a composite biomaterial which consisted of inorganic bovine bone, demineralized bovine bone, a pool of bovine bone morphogenetic proteins bound to absorbable ultra-thin powdered hydroxyapatiteand bone-derived denaturized collagen. Except for one G1 animal, all of them showed normal limb function 60 days after surgery. Radiographic examination showed initial formation of periosteal callus in both groups at osteo-tomy sites, over the plate or cage 15 days postoperatively. At 60 and 90 days callus remodeling occurred. Histological and morphometric analysis at 90 days after surgery showed that the quantity of implanted materials in G1 and G2 were similar, and the quantity of new bone formation was less (p = 0.0048) and more immature in G1 than G2, occupying 51 +/- 3.46% and 62 +/- 6.26% of the cage space, respectively. These results suggest that the composite biomaterial tested was a good alternative to autologous cortical bone graft in this experimental ovine tibial defect. However, additional evaluation is warranted prior to its clinical usage.  相似文献   

5.
选取5、10、18月龄及4岁湖羊各10只,屠宰后取背最长肌和肱三头肌分析常规营养成分;取10月龄湖羊背最长肌分析氨基酸;取肱三头肌测风味物质。结果表明:湖羊肌肉水分含量随年龄增长而降低(P<0.05),粗蛋白含量、粗脂肪、粗灰分的含量随年龄增长而增加(P<0.05)。湖羊肌肉蛋白质中8种必需氨基酸组成全面,与FAO模式比较,各种氨基酸评分均接近或大于1。湖羊肌肉脂肪中检测到的70种挥发性风味化合物,包括14种酸、7种酮、9种醛、5种醇、10种酯类、13种烃、12种其他化合物(包括呋喃、吡嗪、吡啶、吲哚等含氮硫氧等杂环化合物)。其中酯类含量最高,占肉中总风味物24.1%~28.3%,其次为烃和酸,分别占20.5%~21.2%和19.0%~20.0%。  相似文献   

6.
The incisor teeth of 176 sheep of six breeds were inspected every two to three months for a year to record the shedding of the deciduous teeth and the eruption of the permanent teeth. In all the breeds the permanent central incisors erupted at between 12 and 18 months of age. In 96 per cent of the sheep the permanent middle incisors erupted at between 18 and 26 months; and in 92 per cent the permanent lateral incisors erupted at between 24 and 36 months of age. The permanent corner teeth erupted at between 32 and 44 months in 96 per cent of the sheep. The gingival redness and swelling accompanying the eruption of a permanent tooth disappeared within two months. In 14 cases two pairs of incisors erupted during the year, in 18 cases the incisors erupted asymmetrically, and in 22 cases no incisors erupted. Rotation of one incisor was observed in five sheep and was combined with dental deviation in one.  相似文献   

7.
将转化节瘤拟杆菌（D.nodosus)纤毛蛋白（Pili）和绵羊白细胞介素2（oviIL2)融合基因表达质粒的工程菌BL－21，在含酸苄青霉素营养肉汤培养基中表达，离心获得菌体沉淀物，裂解后配制成Pili-oviIL2融合基因工程疫苗。用加佐剂和不加佐剂的Pili-oviIL2融合基因工程疫苗分别接种2只健康家兔，21天后接种第2次；定期采血，用对流免疫电泳检测试验兔的体液免疫反应。结果发现，加佐剂和不加佐剂的Pili-oviIL2融合基因工程疫苗免疫兔7天即可产生相应抗体，抗体在免疫血清中可维持6个月以上。进一步试验将不加佐剂的Pili-oviIL2融合基因工程疫苗接种3只健康绵羊，同样21天后接种第2次，定期采血，用对流免疫电泳检测试验绵羊的体液免疫反应。同时用Pili基因工程疫苗接种2只绵羊作对照。结果3只绵羊接种Pili-oviIL2融合基因工程疫苗后，分别于7天和14天产生相应的抗体，而接种Pili基因工程疫苗的绵羊于28天产生相应的抗体；被免疫绵羊血清中的抗体可维持6个月以上。用Pili-oviIL2融合基因工程疫苗接种兔和绵羊的免疫试验表明，Pili-oviIL2融合基因工程疫苗具有较好的体液免疫应答反应，重组OviIL2在融合基因工程疫苗中具有良好的佐剂作用。  相似文献   

8.
Philip R.  Woods  DVM  PHD  Michael A.  Walker  DVM  Vicki A.  Weir  ARRT  Ralph W.  Storts  DVM  PHD  Carl  Menzies  PHD  Maurice  Shelton  PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1993,34(4):259-262
Computed tomography (CT) was performed on 3 normal Rambouillet sheep and 6 Rambouillet sheep affected with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Characteristic lesions seen in the brain of affected sheep included dramatically enlarged lateral ventricles and reduced cerebral thickness. The lesions were seen in sheep as young as 4 months of age. Antemortem CT observations correlated well with postmortem findings in this model of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis.  相似文献   

9.
The efficacy of the lymphocyte blastogenesis and complement-fixation tests and fecal culture for detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection was assessed in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer (O virginianus), bighorn X mouflon (O musimon) hybrid sheep, and domestic sheep. Spontaneously infected bighorns were tested at the time of capture; experimentally infected animals were tested monthly for 12 months or periodically for 36 months. Lymphocyte blastogenesis tests were conducted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells and protein antigens of M avium, M bovis, and M paratuberculosis. Best diagnostic results were obtained when M avium purified-protein derivative was used as antigen and 20% bovine fetal serum was incorporated in the culture medium; a positive test was defined as a stimulation index greater than or equal to 3.5. Test sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were 82% and 94% in hybrid sheep and were 72% and 100% in domestic sheep. Sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were 39% and 94% in elk and 53% and 92% in deer. When infection was determined in spontaneously infected bighorns by culture of M paratuberculosis and/or the presence of acid-fast bacilli in characteristic microscopic lesions, sensitivity was 75% and specificity was 87%. Fecal cultures and the complement-fixation tests seldom correctly identified infected animals.  相似文献   

10.
Early immune responses in experimental maedi   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Ten Finnish sheep were infected with maedi virus either by the respiratory tract or by intracerebral injection. After respiratory tract infection, virus specific lymphocyte stimulation was detected between two and seven weeks and complement fixing antibodies between seven weeks and three months. After intracerebral injection, lymphocyte stimulation was detected between five and nine weeks and complement fixing antibodies between nine weeks and four months. Neutralising antibodies were not found in six sheep killed within four months but were found in two of four sheep four and five months after infection. Virus was recovered with varying frequency from the peripheral blood leucocytes and tissues of all the sheep and also from the cerebrospinal fluid of intracerebrally inoculated sheep. The histological changes in sheep inoculated via the respiratory tract were comparable to known early maedi lesions; no changes were found in the central nervous system (CNS). The intracerebrallly inoculated sheep showed very mild periventricular inflammation in the CNS.  相似文献   

11.
2013年3月至2014年9月在甘肃省甘南藏族自治州玛曲县高寒草甸和沼泽化草甸上分别选择60只欧拉型藏羊(公、母各30只,出生时间差不超过72h),测定初生-18月龄公羊和母羊的生长指标(体重、体高、体长、胸围、胸宽、胸深、腰角宽),以研究高寒草原不同草地类型欧拉型藏羊的生长发育规律,为6月龄羔羊适时出栏提供技术支撑。结果表明,欧拉型藏羊初生-6月龄体重显著增加(P0.05),为体重增加的主要阶段,其中2-4月龄为最快增重期;8-12月龄体重显著降低(P0.05),说明欧拉型藏羊适宜于羔羊肉生产。欧拉型藏羊初生-6月龄亦为各项体尺指标的主要生长阶段,6-14月龄各体尺指标生长缓滞,14-18月龄体尺虽呈增长趋势,但增长总量较初生-6月龄阶段小,说明欧拉型藏羊初生-6月龄体躯发育已经基本完成,能够达到羔羊当年出栏的要求。就欧拉型藏羊性别而言,生长发育前期公羊与母羊各体尺间差异不显著(P0.05),到生长发育后期各指标间变化不一,未出现明显的规律性。  相似文献   

12.
以隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium spp.)18S rRNA为靶基因,通过巢氏PCR检测发现在采集的101份新鲜粪便样品中18份样本为阳性。不同地区羊场的隐孢子虫感染率分别为：李集镇36%(18/50),新安镇0%(0/30)、堆沟港镇0%(0/21)未检出隐孢子虫。但通过对4羊场的分析发现,有2个羊场(50%)为隐孢子虫感染阳性,且不同的羊场感染率差异显著,因此单纯的以地区来评价隐孢子虫的感染率,是值得商榷的。山羊隐孢子虫的感染率为33.3%,湖羊隐孢子虫的感染率为2%。2～6月龄的育肥羊隐孢子虫的感染率为36%,6～10月龄的育成羊(0%)。对检测为阳性的样品进行了隐孢子虫18S rRNA基因片段序列分析,发现18个样品全部为肖氏隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium xiaoi),不存在泛在隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium ubiquitum)。在检测隐孢子虫感染阳性的1个山羊场和1个羊湖羊场均存在肖氏隐孢子虫感染,不存在泛在隐孢子虫,更未发现肖氏隐孢子虫和泛在隐孢子虫的混合感染。目前的数据提示肖氏隐孢子虫对2～6月龄山羊(33.3%)和湖羊(2%)具有更高的...  相似文献   

13.
The usefulness of detecting the scrapie-associated fibrillar protein (PrP) in the lymphoreticular organs of sheep as a diagnostic tool was investigated. The PrP was detected by means of a rabbit-anti-sheep PrP polyclonal antibody by Western blot analysis. PrP was detected in samples from the central nervous system (CNS) of five of six sheep showing clinical signs of natural scrapie infection, in spleen samples from four of the six sheep and in lymph node samples taken from three of the sheep. PrP was detected in the spleen and lymph node samples, but not in the CNS samples from one of the six sheep that was clinically and histopathologically abnormal. This animal appeared to be in the early clinical stage of the disease. A total of 47 clinically normal sheep were examined for the presence of PrP. It was detected in spleen samples from three of the 47 sheep and in lymph node samples from three of the 39 sheep tested. Similarly, PrP was detected in a sample of lymph node obtained surgically from one of three experimentally infected sheep 14 months after inoculation. The PrP-positive sheep and one of the remaining PrP-negative sheep showed clinical signs of scrapie six and five months later respectively. One sheep euthanased 18 months after experimental infection was positive for PrP in the CNS, spleen and lymph node, but five other sheep which were killed or died two, eight, 16, 18 and 21 months after infection were negative or doubtful for the detection of PrP.  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To describe a surgical technique involving distraction and stabilization of the lumbo-sacral vertebral segment using an external skeletal fixator in dogs with lumbosacral instability caused by discospondylitis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Four client-owned dogs. METHODS: Medical records of all dogs diagnosed with discospondylitis from 1994 to 1997 were identified and reviewed. Four dogs with lumbosacral discospondylitis requiring surgical treatment were then specifically studied. Surgical technique, clinical signs, preoperative diagnostic investigation, radiographic findings, and the results of short-term and long-term reevaluations were recorded. RESULTS: Twelve dogs with discospondylitis were identified, 4 of which had lumbosacral discospondylitis. These 4 dogs underwent surgical distraction and stabilization because they failed to respond to medical treatment. Three dogs received a cancellous bone graft between L7 and S1 and had rapid interbody fusion of this vertebral segment. The dog that did not receive a graft did not have interbody fusion at the time of fixator removal. This did not affect the final clinical outcome. Lumbosacral pain and neurological deficits present before surgery rapidly subsided after the procedure. All dogs received concurrent antibiotic treatment for a minimum of 4 weeks. All dogs were clinically normal at the time of fixator removal and all continued to do well during the follow-up period (8-48 months; mean, 27.5 months). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Lumbosacral discospondylitis may not respond well to conservative treatment because of the mobility of the affected space. Surgical treatment involving distraction and stabilization to obtain intervertebral fusion is very effective in treating lumbosacral instability caused by discospondylitis.  相似文献   

15.
A field grazing trial was undertaken to monitor the health and production of crossbred sheep grazing pasture where Echium plantagineum constituted a considerable proportion of the available forage. The trial, conducted for 19 months over successive grazing seasons, demonstrated a significant difference in production, with sheep on the E. plantagineum pasture being lighter and growing less wool compared with sheep on Echium-free pasture. No mortalities involving pyrrolizidine alkaloid poisoning were recorded in sheep grazing E. plantagineum, although there was histological evidence of moderately severe liver damage associated with high liver copper concentrations in at least one sheep following the grazing of large quantities of the plant.  相似文献   

16.
对2组60只体况相近的初生欧拉羊母羔羊采取不同方式培育,通过对饲养18月龄以来体重、体尺等主要表型性状的指标分析。结果表明：试验组羔羊初生到18月龄生长发育呈持续增长态势。断奶、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄体重比对照组分别提高5.15 kg、5.58 kg、6.31 kg、6.86 kg,差异极显著(P<0.01)。平均体高较对照组分别提高2.15 cm、2.24 cm、2.16 cm、2.37 cm,差异极显著(P<0.01)。平均体长较对照组分别提高2.68 cm、3.17 cm、3.41 cm、4.16 cm,差异极显著(P<0.01);平均胸围较对照组分别提高1.63 cm、2.72 cm,3.78 cm、4.43 cm,除断奶平均胸围指标差异显著(P<0.05)外,6月龄、12月龄和18月龄差异均极显著(P<0.01)。胸深、胸宽两项指标分别较对照组提高1.12 cm、1.27 cm、1.35 cm、1.29 cm,1.84 cm、1.60 cm、1.10 cm、1.89 cm,差异显著（P<0.05）。日增重、断奶成活率、周岁成活率均比对照组高,差异极显著(P<0.01)。试验组羊主要生产性能达到《欧拉羊》DB62/T490品种标准中特、一级羊水平,种用价值高,培育效果显著,对照组羊主要生产性能只达到3级羊标准,不能选留为种用。因此,“放牧+有效补饲”培育是高寒牧区藏羊资源优化利用较合理的方式。  相似文献   

17.
用欧拉羊杂交改良乔科羊,生产的欧乔杂种F1代羔羊,对初生、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄时的F1羊进行了体尺跟踪测定,结果欧乔杂交F1代初生公、母羊体高、体长、极显著的高于对照组初生公、母羊相应指标(P0.01);胸围和管围显著高于对照组(P0.05)。  相似文献   

18.
Feline spongiform encephalopathy (FSE) is thought to have resulted from consumption of food contaminated with bovine spongiform encephalopathy and the latter is believed to result from the consumption of food contaminated with scrapie. However, no direct experimental documentation exists to indicate that the scrapie agent is capable of amplifying in cats, and, therefore, crossing the species barrier. During 1979, 6 cats ranging in age from 3.5 to 18 months were intracerebrally inoculated with sheep scrapie (inoculum G-639-PP) and were observed for an extended period. Inoculated cats did not develop neurologic disease, and microscopic lesions of spongiform encephalopathy were not evident. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques failed to detect the abnormal form of prion protein (PrP(res)). These results indicate that the sheep scrapie agent (G-639-PP) used in this study was not capable of amplifying in cats and therefore was unable to cross the species barrier to produce FSE.  相似文献   

19.
The efficacy and retention of prototype and commercial (Cosecure) soluble-glass boluses containing selenium, cobalt and copper and having a similar size, density and composition were evaluated in separate 12-month trials with sheep grazing low selenium pastures but with adequate cobalt and copper levels. In both trials, sheep confirmed by X-ray as containing a bolus grew at a significantly greater rate than control sheep. This was attributed to the correction of a selenium deficiency. Although liver copper, and liver and serum vitamin B12 levels were significantly greater in treated sheep than controls on some occasions, the differences were not as great or consistent as with blood selenium levels. The rate of bolus loss was high and in both trials, approximately 40% of the sheep had lost the bolus after 6 months. No prototype boluses were present after 12 months. Intact Cosecure boluses were recovered from 3 sheep out of 30 after 12 months whilst one animal contained a part bolus. The recovered boluses were approximately 45% lighter than when originally administered. Bolus loss did not appear to be due to complete dissolution. In sheep which had lost the bolus, blood selenium levels fell with a half-life of 43 +/- 10 days.  相似文献   

20.
The aim of this investigation was to determine the development and duration of protection in mice or sheep immunised with aromatic-dependent (aro-) Salmonella typhimurium strain CS332, by either parenteral or oral routes. Immunisation of mice by the intraperitoneal or sheep by the intramuscular routes was found to impart protection against oral challenge with the virulent parent S typhimurium strain CS94 as early as seven days after immunisation. In contrast, when immunisation was carried out by the oral route, protection was not evident until three weeks after immunisation. Regardless of the route of immunisation, mice were still partially protected at three months and were fully susceptible at six months after immunisation. In sheep, protection persisted for six months but not 12 months after immunisation. Only parenterally immunised mice and sheep developed high ELISA and, or, agglutinating antibody titres, and cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) at three weeks after immunisation. Although both antibody and DTH were detectable three months after immunisation of mice with aro- S typhimurium strain CS332, none was detected at six months. Antibody measured by agglutination and ELISA was detectable six months after immunisation in sheep, although no DTH was evident. At 12 months after immunisation low levels of anti-LPS antibody (measurable by ELISA only) were detected in sheep immunised by the intramuscular route.  相似文献   

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