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完善的实验室能力验证体系是确保真菌毒素检测机构出具准确检测结果的重要前提。本文重点阐述了国内外真菌毒素实验室能力验证的现状,详细介绍了在真菌毒素能力验证中使用的检测技术研究进展。以Z比分数法评价由比利时联邦药物和农业化学研究中心(CODA-CERVA)组织的粮油多种真菌毒素含量测定的国际比对结果,分析粮油样品中多种真菌毒素的测定情况。 相似文献
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粮油产品真菌毒素抗体制备研究进展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文简要综述了粮油真菌毒素抗体制备的发展情况,包括真菌毒素免疫原的制备、抗体的制备以及真菌毒素常用免疫学检测方法,同时介绍了我国真菌毒素抗体研究过程中面临的问题,并对未来真菌毒素抗体技术的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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污染粮油食品的主要真菌毒素及胶体金免疫层析技术在快速检测中的应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
污染粮油食品的真菌毒素主要有黄曲霉毒素、T-2毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和伏马菌素B1。胶体金免疫层析技术是20世纪90年代初建立的一种简易、快速的免疫学检测技术,现已广泛应用于残留检测、生物医学等许多领域。本文介绍了污染粮油食品的主要真菌毒素及胶体金免疫层析技术在粮油食品真菌毒素快速检测中的应用,并对其发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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基因表达系列分析(Serial analysis ofgene expression,SAGE)是一种研究真核细胞表达基因信息的高通量检测技术,它能对细胞内所有表达基因进行定性与定量分析.SAGE技术在植物方面的应用相对较少,但在植物抗病性研究中的应用近几年发展很快.综述介绍了SAGE技术的原理与操作、实施的方法与步骤、SAGE技术的主要优点及在植物基因表达分析中的应用.明确SAGE的优势与它的缺陷,在实际应用中加以完善及采取必要的辅助方案,这样就可以构建较完美的设计思想. 相似文献
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农产品质量安全是国家乡村振兴战略的重点和难点。氨基甲酸酯类农药残留严重威胁粮油产品质量安全与人民生命健康。目前,常用的氨基甲酸酯类农残检测方法主要是仪器检测法,无法满足现场对粮油农残混合污染进行现场高灵敏同步快速检测的需求。本研究在前期自主选育的克百威和甲萘威单克隆抗体基础上,研究并制备出农残混合污染同步快速检测阵列芯片,建立了一种现场高灵敏同步快速检测技术,实现了在30 min内同步定量克百威和甲萘威。经过优化,克百威和甲萘威的检测限分别为0.11、0.09 ng/g,线性范围为0.33～3000 ng/g、0.18～1500 ng/g。在花生样品检测中,克百威和甲萘威的加标回收率分别为88.4%～98.3%和90.1%～118.8%;批内差(RSD)分别为9.0%和3.5%;批间差(RSD)分别为12.3%和16.3%。该阵列芯片检测结果与液相色谱-质谱联用(HPLC-MS/MS)检测结果高度一致。该阵列芯片满足了对农产品中克百威和甲萘威进行现场高灵敏同步快速检测的需求,并可广泛应用于农产品质量安全、食品安全以及环境监测等领域。 相似文献
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Qing Xia Zhaolin Du Dasong Lin Lili Huo Li Qin Wei Wang Liwen Qiang Yanpo Yao Yi An 《中国油料作物学报(英文)》2021,6(1):23-27
Edible oil is an important part of the human daily diet,which is popular in the food industry.People are paying increasing attention to the safety of edible oil as flawed oils have caused enormous international losses and posed a huge threat to consumer health issues.Therefore,it is necessary and important to analyze the quality and safety of oil product.In the present study,we particularly reviewed recent literature on analysis of emerging pollutants in edible oil including mycotoxins,pesticide residues and heavy metals.In addition,a series of emerging analytical technologies(HPLC,LC-MS/MS and GC-MS)for these contaminants were also summarized in this paper. 相似文献
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Reducing the level of infection of cereal heads caused by Fusarium and associated mycotoxin accumulation in grains is of a high priority in order to secure the yield, agronomic performance, and food and feed safety from field to table. Strategies to tackle the problem have been proposed at many levels, including greater knowledge of the biology of toxigenic fungi and of plant–pathogen interactions, monitoring activities which extend from the field to the end-products, pre-breeding, breeding and transgenesis to develop new resistant plant varieties, crop protection based on synthetic or natural molecules, biocontrol of fungal populations, the development and use of models that take into account the climatic conditions, and the adoption of technological protocols for reducing or inactivating mycotoxins. This review article highlights that the problem is very complex but that the scientific community continues to produce important knowledge and potential solutions. 相似文献
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The present study aimed to identify mycotoxins in edible tissues of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) using liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). After using a non-targeted screening approach and a home-made spectral library, 233 mycotoxins were analyzed. Moreover, the occurrence of mycotoxins in fish filets was evaluated, and their potential toxicity was predicted by in silico methods. According to the obtained results, forty mycotoxins were identified in analyzed salmon samples, the predominant mycotoxins being enniatins (also rugulosin and 17 ophiobolins), commonly found in cereals and their by-products. Thus, mycotoxin carry-over can occur from feed to organs and edible tissues of cultivated fish. Moreover, the toxicity of detected mycotoxins was predicted by the in silico webserver ProTox-II, highlighting that special attention must be paid to some less reported mycotoxins due to their toxic predicted properties. 相似文献
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Caterina Morcia Elisa Rattotti A. Michele Stanca Giorgio Tumino Vittorio Rossi Stefano Ravaglia Christoph U. Germeier Matthias Herrmann Ivana Polisenska Valeria Terzi 《Journal of Cereal Science》2013
Risks associated with mycotoxin contamination of cereals, that are included in the ten major staple foods and greatly contribute to the dietary energy intake, are of worldwide relevance. In small grain cereals, mycotoxins are produced by fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium that colonize the plant in the field and can grow during the post-harvest period, producing several classes of mycotoxins. The identification of mycotoxigenic fungal species and strains is essential for developing effective strategies for control. For this purpose, genetic traceability has proved to be a valuable tool that can be applied along the whole production chain, starting in the field for early diagnosis of FHB (Fusarium Head Blight) disease to the final processing steps, such as malting or pasta making. In this paper, DNA-based analytical tools that are currently available for the identification and quantification of mycotoxigenic fungal species and strains are reviewed, with particular emphasis on Fusarium, and their possible applications in mycotoxin control in small grain cereal chains are discussed. 相似文献
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为给小麦孢囊线虫综合治理提供一定的理论依据,通过对苏皖鲁豫接壤地区30块田的调查和分析,探讨了这些地区麦田小麦孢囊线虫的发生情况及线虫群体之间亲缘关系。结果表明,采集的30份样品中都能检测到孢囊线虫,孢囊密度为每100g土壤1～80个。进一步对30个小麦孢囊线虫群体的rDNA-ITS区PCR扩增、测序,对其序列进行比较分析发现,30个分离物的核苷酸序列同源性为97.1%～100%,与已报道的中国菌株（AY148382,EU106175）、澳大利亚菌株（AY148395）和俄罗斯菌株（AY148351）群体的进化关系最为接近,且位于进化树的同一个分枝,都属于禾谷孢囊线虫Avenae组。 相似文献
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J.W. Muthomi J.K. Ndung&#x;u J.K. Gathumbi E.W. Mutitu J.M. Wagacha 《Crop Protection》2008,27(8):1215-1219
Freshly harvested wheat grain samples were collected during the 2004 growing season to determine the presence of head blight-causing Fusarium species. Fungal contamination was determined by isolation on agar media, while mycotoxin analysis was by direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The wheat grain samples were highly contaminated with fungi, especially Epicoccum, Alternaria and Fusarium species. The mean Fusarium infection rate varied from 13% to 18%, with the major head blight-causing species being Fusarium poae, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium avenaceum. F. graminearum isolates were found to be highly virulent (79% disease severity) and significantly reduced kernel weight. Most grain samples were contaminated with mycotoxins, with a mean incidence rate of up to 75% for deoxynivalenol (DON) and 86% for T-2 toxin. Other mycotoxins detected were zearalenone and aflatoxin B1. Co-occurrence of DON, T-2 toxin and zearalenone was found in up to 35% of the samples. The results suggested the presence of Fusarium head blight and associated mycotoxins in Kenya. The presence of several mycotoxins, even at such low levels, could pose chronic adverse health effects to human and livestock fed on the contaminated wheat products. 相似文献
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为探明西藏麦类作物中真菌毒素污染程度及产毒真菌种类与分布,以青稞、小麦为研究对象,对其籽粒中多种毒素进行分析,并对毒素污染阳性样品进行真菌分离鉴定。结果表明,2018年毒素总检出率为20.13%;杂色曲霉毒素检出率最高,为10.74%;OTA超标率最高,为3.36%;小麦的毒素检出率和超标率都高于青稞,二者的污染毒素种类以OTA、ZEN、ST为主。西藏高原42份被真菌毒素污染的农作物籽粒中共分离到199份真菌,分属23属67种真菌,青霉属为优势属,曲霉属次之。 相似文献
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Haixia ZhangDouglas J.H. Olson Dang VanRandy W. Purves Mark A. Smith 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,37(1):186-194
Triacylglycerol-estolides are components of the storage oil of certain plant and fungal species and are generally associated with the presence of fatty acids containing hydroxyl groups. These unusual acyl-glycerols can easily go undetected when oils are analyzed by gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters, or by thin layer chromatography if the TAG-estolides and TAG have similar polarity. We describe the detection of TAG-estolides in intact seeds of Lesquerella lyrata and whole sclerotia of the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea using 1H MAS-NMR for nondestructive analysis. We also conducted analysis of small amounts of oil by MALDI-TOF MS to clearly show the presence of TAG-estolides and to rapidly characterize their acyl composition. The matrix used in this work was 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) made up in sodium chloride-saturated solvent. We were able to confirm the presence of TAG-estolides with no free hydroxyl groups in the fungal oil, and TAG-estolides with free hydroxyl groups in the oil of L. lyrata. The development of a technique for the rapid identification of TAG-estolides in oil samples will simplify the detection of these novel lipids in plant and fungal species. 相似文献
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花生蛋白粉的制取及在食品工业中的应用 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
董贝森 《中国油料作物学报》1998,20(3):85-89
研究了低温脱脂花生蛋白粉的生产工艺，并对产品的功能性及营养成分进行测定。结果表明，低温脱脂花生蛋白粉的水溶性蛋白含量、氮的可溶性指数高于其他脱脂方法的花生蛋白粉；脱脂花生蛋白粉的起泡性、吸油性、泡沫稳定性优于大豆蛋白粉，蛋白质、脂肪、含硫氨基酸含量高于大豆蛋白粉，但赖氨酸偏低。花生蛋白粉可用于肉类制品、谷物焙烤制品、饮料、冷食以及副食品、调味品和休闲食品。 相似文献