共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
采用自主研制的黄曲霉毒素B1胶体金免疫定量检测卡,建立花生、玉米、大米、小麦等粮油农产品中黄曲霉毒素B1的定量分析方法,4种样品检测的线性范围为1.0～20.0μg/kg,R2＞0.97,方法的定量限为1.0 μg/kg,样品加标回收率为75%～106%,RSD＜20%。胶体金免疫层析法与免疫亲和柱净化-HPLC法相比,相对误差＜15%,具有简便快速、灵敏度高、重现性好等特点,适用于粮油农产品及制品中黄曲霉毒素B1 筛查,样品检测时间只需15min,检测成本低于其他方法。 相似文献
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液相芯片整合了分子生物学、免疫学、高分子材料、微流控技术、高速数字信号处理、计算机分析等多方面技术,可实现少量样本高通量定性定量检测。本文主要阐述液相芯片定性与定量分析的基本原理、特点及其在分析领域的应用现状,探讨液相芯片在小分子高通量分析中的工作模式及其当前技术难点,分析黄曲霉毒素等粮油主要真菌毒素免疫分析研究进展,指出液相芯片在粮油主要真菌毒素检测中将有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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《中国油料作物学报》2016,(5)
为提高植物油中真菌毒素的检测效率,研制免疫亲和柱,建立检测方法。以纯化的抗黄曲霉毒素(AFT,包括AFB_1、AFB_2、AFG_1、AFG_2)、抗玉米赤霉烯酮毒素(ZEA)、抗T-2毒素、抗伏马B1毒素(FB_1)的四种单克隆抗体为特异性抓捕元件,通过研究比较3种载体材料和2种抗体偶联方法,成功制备出以CNBr-activated Crystarose4B作为固相载体材料的真菌毒素多组分免疫亲和柱。同时研究比较了提取溶剂、提取方式和上样缓冲液等条件,并结合高效液相色谱串联质谱技术(HPLC-MS/MS),建立了植物油中7种真菌毒素的同步免疫亲和净化——HPLC-MS/MS检测方法。结果表明,该方法对7种真菌毒素的检测线性范围宽,线性回归方程相关系数(R2)均不低于0.992;对AFB_1、AFB_2、AFG_1、AFG_2四种真菌毒素的检出限为0.02~0.08μg/kg,对ZEA、T-2、FB_1三种真菌毒素的检出限为0.10~0.50μg/kg;添加回收实验中,低、中、高三个不同加标水平下的平均回收率为80.22%~106.10%,相对标准偏差为1.05%~6.56%。该方法操作简便、净化彻底、回收率高、有机溶剂消耗量少,为食用植物油中真菌毒素多组分同步确证性检测提供了一种高效、准确、灵敏的技术。 相似文献
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5.
本文以氯化钙为蛋白沉淀剂、黄曲霉毒素B1为靶标,探究了70%甲醇水（V/V）提取液中不同含量氯化钙对花生中黄曲霉毒素提取及其免疫检测结果的影响;采用样品加标回收的方法,研究比较了五种不同含量氯化钙对胶体金免疫层析试纸条和ELISA检测结果的影响。研究结果表明,样品经含1% CaCl2 （m/V）的甲醇水处理后,用胶体金免疫层析试纸条检测时,试纸条T线颜色梯度变化,不同浓度加标回收率等参数均得到明显改善,前处理效果显著;选取20份花生实际样品,经过这种前处理之后,进行胶体金免疫层析试纸条和ELISA检测,同时将其检测结果与免疫亲和层析高效液相色谱法（IAC-HPLC）进行比对,胶体金免疫层析试纸条与IAC-HPLC检测结果符合率为90%,间接竞争ELISA与IAC-HPLC检测结果相关性系数达0.996,表明本研究所改进的样品前处理方法能提高免疫检测准确度,具有很好的应用性。 相似文献
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采集吉林省主产区玉米280份,采用液相色谱串联质谱法测定13种真菌毒素含量,研究吉林省玉米中多种真菌毒素污染和膳食暴露风险状况,评价膳食暴露风险。结果表明,供试玉米中真菌毒素的平均含量为522.3μg/kg,真菌毒素污染种类分别是伏马菌素(97.9%)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(52.1%)和玉米赤霉烯酮(37.5%),平均污染水平分别为1269.1、284.2、42.8μg/kg。采用残留平均值计算成人和儿童经玉米摄入的伏马毒素、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及玉米赤霉烯酮,结果无显著慢性摄入风险。以最大残留值计算摄入呕吐毒素的膳食暴露风险,成人和儿童无显著急性摄入风险。吉林省玉米中真菌毒素的污染呈多种类污染普遍的现象,居民通过玉米摄入真菌毒素的风险熵值很小,对人体健康潜在风险不大。 相似文献
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为探明西藏麦类作物中真菌毒素污染程度及产毒真菌种类与分布,以青稞、小麦为研究对象,对其籽粒中多种毒素进行分析,并对毒素污染阳性样品进行真菌分离鉴定。结果表明,2018年毒素总检出率为20.13%;杂色曲霉毒素检出率最高,为10.74%;OTA超标率最高,为3.36%;小麦的毒素检出率和超标率都高于青稞,二者的污染毒素种类以OTA、ZEN、ST为主。西藏高原42份被真菌毒素污染的农作物籽粒中共分离到199份真菌,分属23属67种真菌,青霉属为优势属,曲霉属次之。 相似文献
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黄曲霉毒素主要由黄曲霉等产毒真菌产生，属生物源危害物，是毒性极强的一类真菌毒素，历史上因食用黄曲霉毒素污染产品造成过多次人及家养动物群体中毒死亡事件。黄曲霉毒素通过污染农产品与动物饲料进入食物链，严重威胁全球食品安全与人类健康。为了减少黄曲霉毒素污染危害，非常有必要掌握黄曲霉毒素污染农产品及食品主要种类。因此，本文通过研究国内外相关文献报道，较为全面地总结了近年来黄曲霉毒素污染农产品及其制品的主要种类，包括：谷物及其制品、调味品、饲料等12个类别，共计143种产品。通过归纳总结黄曲霉毒素污染产品种类，可以为农产品及食品黄曲霉毒素污染防治研究提供重要科学依据，对保障消费安全和产业健康发展具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
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早在20世纪60年代,就在花生粉中发现了黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus Link)真菌毒素。真菌毒素是真菌生长在饲料或食品中产生的有毒代谢产物。在英国,受这种毒素污染的饲料曾导致100000只幼火鸡死亡,这就是众所周知的火鸡X病。由黄曲霉和寄生曲霉产生的真菌毒素,后来被确定为黄曲霉毒素(aflatoxins),是已知最烈性的诱癌剂。饲料中很少量 相似文献
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菜豆荚斑驳病毒(Bean pod mottle virus,BPMV)是我国进境植物检疫性有害生物.为解决普通RT-PCR不能直接检测大豆病种子中该病毒的问题,将简便快速的胶体金免疫层析技术(GICA)和高灵敏度的普通RT-PCR检测技术有机地结合起来,建立了GICA-RT-PCR检测新方法.即先用GICA捕获病毒,将捕获的病毒直接进行RT-PER扩增,简化了检测的步骤,提高了检测的灵敏度.结果表明:用该方法检测提纯病毒灵敏度达到0.01μg·mL-1、检测大豆病叶和病大豆种皮,灵敏度达到10-4,分别比GICA检测提高了20倍、10倍和100倍.GICA-RT-PCR可进一步确认GICA的结果. 相似文献
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The effectiveness of modified nanodiamonds (NDs) for the adsorption of mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), are investigated in this paper. Binding and release mechanisms of the mycotoxins were addressed using an assortment of NDs modified by different surface treatments, including carboxylation, hydrogenation and hydroxylation, followed by isolating NDs of different sizes. Results indicate that AfB1 adsorption on NDs is directly related to aggregate size, whereas OTA adsorption is primarily centered upon electrostatic interactions that depend on the types of surface functional groups on the ND. Findings show that modified NDs with small aggregation sizes (～40 nm) have greater adsorption capacities for AfB1 than yeast cells walls and untreated NDs from various vendors, but comparable to activated charcoal. In OTA studies, positively charged NDs outperformed clay minerals, which are well-known and efficient sorbents for mycotoxins. Furthermore, ND adsorption capacities can be preserved in a wide range of pH. 相似文献
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J.W. Muthomi J.K. Ndung&#x;u J.K. Gathumbi E.W. Mutitu J.M. Wagacha 《Crop Protection》2008,27(8):1215-1219
Freshly harvested wheat grain samples were collected during the 2004 growing season to determine the presence of head blight-causing Fusarium species. Fungal contamination was determined by isolation on agar media, while mycotoxin analysis was by direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The wheat grain samples were highly contaminated with fungi, especially Epicoccum, Alternaria and Fusarium species. The mean Fusarium infection rate varied from 13% to 18%, with the major head blight-causing species being Fusarium poae, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium avenaceum. F. graminearum isolates were found to be highly virulent (79% disease severity) and significantly reduced kernel weight. Most grain samples were contaminated with mycotoxins, with a mean incidence rate of up to 75% for deoxynivalenol (DON) and 86% for T-2 toxin. Other mycotoxins detected were zearalenone and aflatoxin B1. Co-occurrence of DON, T-2 toxin and zearalenone was found in up to 35% of the samples. The results suggested the presence of Fusarium head blight and associated mycotoxins in Kenya. The presence of several mycotoxins, even at such low levels, could pose chronic adverse health effects to human and livestock fed on the contaminated wheat products. 相似文献
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纳米抗体是由骆驼科动物产生的一类天然缺失轻链的重链抗体可变区.相比较于传统单克隆抗体和多克隆抗体,其具有体积小、热稳定性强、耐有机溶剂、折叠性可逆、易于表达、高亲和力、可特异性识别独特表位等天然优势.因此,纳米抗体在生物和农业等研究领域备受关注.本文综述了纳米抗体的结构、生化特性以及在农产品真菌毒素检测中的研究进展,并... 相似文献
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Reducing the level of infection of cereal heads caused by Fusarium and associated mycotoxin accumulation in grains is of a high priority in order to secure the yield, agronomic performance, and food and feed safety from field to table. Strategies to tackle the problem have been proposed at many levels, including greater knowledge of the biology of toxigenic fungi and of plant–pathogen interactions, monitoring activities which extend from the field to the end-products, pre-breeding, breeding and transgenesis to develop new resistant plant varieties, crop protection based on synthetic or natural molecules, biocontrol of fungal populations, the development and use of models that take into account the climatic conditions, and the adoption of technological protocols for reducing or inactivating mycotoxins. This review article highlights that the problem is very complex but that the scientific community continues to produce important knowledge and potential solutions. 相似文献
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完善的实验室能力验证体系是确保真菌毒素检测机构出具准确检测结果的重要前提。本文重点阐述了国内外真菌毒素实验室能力验证的现状,详细介绍了在真菌毒素能力验证中使用的检测技术研究进展。以Z比分数法评价由比利时联邦药物和农业化学研究中心(CODA-CERVA)组织的粮油多种真菌毒素含量测定的国际比对结果,分析粮油样品中多种真菌毒素的测定情况。 相似文献
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粮油产品真菌毒素抗体制备研究进展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文简要综述了粮油真菌毒素抗体制备的发展情况,包括真菌毒素免疫原的制备、抗体的制备以及真菌毒素常用免疫学检测方法,同时介绍了我国真菌毒素抗体研究过程中面临的问题,并对未来真菌毒素抗体技术的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2004,40(1):61-67
We have evaluated 145 covered and 29 hulless barley genotypes artificially infected with Fusarium graminearum Schw. in a field experiment. Significant genetic variation for Fusarium head blight severity measured by the area under the disease progress curve and for mycotoxin contamination was found among covered and hulless barley lines. The overall mean area under the disease progress curve of covered and hulless barley did not differ significantly. Twenty-nine hulless-covered pairs with approximately the same disease severity were chosen for analysis of mycotoxins (B-trichothecenes) in the harvested grain. The average content of deoxynivalenol of the 29 covered and 29 hulless barley samples was 15,520 and 12,964 μg kg−1, respectively. The mean deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol content of covered barley was significantly higher than that of hulless barleys (p<0.01), whereas for nivalenol there was no significant difference between the mean values of covered and hulless barley. Hulless barley appears to be less prone to accumulation of mycotoxins in the harvested crop than covered barley most likely because a considerable proportion of the mycotoxin resides in the barley hulls. 相似文献
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Jessica Schenck Cecilia Müller Annika Djurle Dan Funck Jensen Martin O&#x;Brien Astrid Johansen Peter Have Rasmussen Rolf Sprndly 《Grass and Forage Science》2019,74(4):613-625
A study was conducted on 124 farms in Sweden and Norway where fungal (all farms) and mycotoxin (100 of the 124 farms) presence was examined in wrapped forage bales. Samples were also analysed for chemical composition, and data on the bale production and storage system on each farm were collected. Fungi, analysed by three common sampling methods, were found in bales from 89% of the visited farms (110 farms). The most frequently isolated fungal species from the bale surface was Penicillium roqueforti. Mycotoxins were present in 39% of the 100 samples analysed. The most common mycotoxins present were enniatin B (14 farms) followed by deoxynivalenol (12 farms). The risk of finding fungi in baled forage samples was higher with odds ratio (OR) of 5.1 when less than eight layers of stretch film were applied, low seal integrity of wrapping (OR 172 at <10 s of seal integrity), higher dry‐matter content (OR 1.17–1.56 per % unit DM) and higher concentrations of acetic acid (OR 47.5 per g DM) and ethanol (OR 3.4 per g DM). Mycotoxin presence was not found to be correlated with any of the chemical characteristics of the baled forage, or with any forage production and management factors. A positive correlation was present between total fungal counts and general mycotoxin presence, but not between specific mycotoxins and the toxin‐producing fungal species. 相似文献