共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 53 毫秒
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【目的】消防车是应对火情的重要工具,根据消防车复杂多变的作业环境,设计一款功能强大、性能稳定的多功能森林消防车具有重要的现实意义。【方法】笔者以传统水罐消防车为基础,结合森林消防车功能需求,从基本功能确认、底盘及罐体的选择、动力系统改造、水罐出水口改造、载员室空间优化等方面对森林消防车进行了多功能设计与改造,并采用SEA模型对改造后车辆动力系统性能及水泵、水枪、洒水车性能进行了仿真测试。【结果】1）改造后森林消防车动力强劲,破障开路能力优秀,功能更加完善,能够适应森林消防作业的绝大多数路面条件,能够确保车辆及工作人员快速到达目标地点,符合改造前的预期效果;2）履带替代传统车轮后,车辆满载功率增幅较大,消防车续航能力降低,若无中途补给,单消防车能够覆盖的范围为150 km～200 km,若地形复杂、路面不良,续航距离将进一步降低。【结论】根据森林消防需求对多功能森林消防车进行改进设计与改造可以满足森林消防的各种特殊需求,提高森林消防车的使用效率,提升森林消防安全管理质量。 相似文献
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阐述了多功能农业应重点凸显产品贡献功能，在社会就业和农民增收中的贡献功能，资源环境中的保障功能。指出促进多功能农业发展的主要途径，制定了发展多功能农业的具体措施。 相似文献
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分析耕地多功能时空演变规律，明确流域内耕地主导功能类型，为和田河流域耕地多功能利用提供科学依据。结合和田河流域自然环境禀赋，构建耕地多功能评价指标体系，利用熵权法确定指标权重。采用熵权TOPSIS模型从时间和空间两个维度评价2009—2019年耕地多功能性。依据贴近度数值最大值，明确各县域耕地主导功能，差异化提出耕地多功能利用对策建议。从时间维度上，综合、社会保障和景观休憩功能增强，等级分别由Ⅲ上升至Ⅳ，Ⅱ上升至Ⅲ，Ⅰ上升至Ⅲ；农业生产功能演变稳定，处于Ⅴ等级；生态服务功能略微减弱，等级由Ⅲ下降至Ⅱ。从空间维度上，综合功能和农业生产功能西部不变中部减弱东部增强，社会保障、景观休憩功能西、中、东部均增强，生态服务功能西、中部减弱东部不变。流域内耕地主导功能为生产主导型（洛浦县、策勒县）、社会主导型（皮山县）、生态主导型（墨玉县、和田县）和景观休憩主导型（和田市）。和田河流域耕地多功能时空演变规律显著，依据主导功能差异化利用保护耕地，对推进乡村振兴战略以及实现可持续发展具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为加强对小型多功能拖拉机的生产和管理，广西壮族自治区人民政府4月11日以桂政发〔1997）33号文下发“关于小型多功能拖拉机生产和管理问题的通知”。《通知》指出，近年来，全区一些乡镇企业根据农业生产和农民的需求，研制生产了一种小型多功能拖拉机，其产品结构简单，适用性强，具有犁耙、烘干、加工、脱粒、抽水、发电和农村短途运输等功能，深受广大农民的欢迎。但是，由于多功能拖拉机是新开发的农机产品，在产品销售、技术鉴定、质量监督、牌证管理等方面尚未完善，存在一些亟待解决的问题。为此，（通知》强调：1．小型多功能拖拉… 相似文献
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多功能手扶拖拉机在缅甸受欢迎中国产的多功能手扶拖拉机深受缅甸农民喜爱，销售前景看好。据统计，过去几年中国已有５万多辆多功能手扶拖拉机销售到缅甸。这些拖拉机着重出售给种植双季稻的地区，充分发挥了农业机械作用。目前将逐步推向各地。杨占良多功能手扶拖拉机在... 相似文献
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基于供需视角的河南省耕地多功能评价与优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对耕地多功能评价供需混淆的问题,提出了耕地多功能供需理论框架,从供给和需求两个角度构建耕地多功能评价体系,采用全排列多边形图示法计算耕地多功能指数,分析了河南省耕地多功能供给需求空间差异,参考国家战略需求并以平衡供需为目标提出了耕地优化路径。结果表明：耕地多功能供给表现为其输出的产品和服务能力,耕地多功能需求是指人类对耕地所提供的各项产品和服务的消耗量;供给和需求均可分为生产、经济、生态、社会保障和景观文化5种功能。2017年河南省耕地多功能供给（多功能指数为0.678）相较于需求（多功能指数为0.723）表现出滞后性,其中仅景观文化功能为供过于求,且生态功能和社会保障功能供需失衡的城市数量最多。耕地多功能供给和需求总体呈现西北低、东南高的空间格局,豫东南部耕地多功能供需相对平衡,半山区耕地多功能供需失衡明显。根据国家战略规划与耕地多功能供需差异,将耕地优化路径分为功能转化、供给提升、耕地储备3种类型。本研究因地制宜地划分了耕地利用优化类型,可为实现区域耕地“三位一体”发展提供支撑。 相似文献
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1.正确安装机组门）机组距水源不宜超过100米,必要时要开挖引水渠或临时水塘。（2）输泥管的安装要做到管路直。拐弯少、爬坡缓,管路不允许存在锐角。（3）高压泵靠近水源,输水管的长度要根据高压泵与工作面的距离及水枪的活动范围确定,避免弯路,必须拐弯时应平缓。2.保证足够的泥浆浓度门）"近战"①高压泵距水枪近,管路扬程损失小,水枪喷出的水柱速度就高。②水枪距工作面近,水柱密度大,流速高,冲击力也大。③工作面距泥浆泵近,能及时将较高浓度的泥浆吸走。（2）掏底土质较硬,所挖土层较厚时,用水枪反复冲击底部土层,把底部… 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献