共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
槟榔籽总酚提取工艺优化与抗氧化活性试 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探索槟榔籽中总酚提取的最佳工艺参数,在单因素试验的基础上以提取温度、提取时间和液料比为试验因素,以总酚含量为响应值,采用三因素五水平的响应面分析法进行试验.结果表明,3个因素对槟榔籽总酚提取含量的影响大小顺序为:提取温度、液料比、提取时间;槟榔籽中总酚提取的最佳工艺参数为:提取温度58℃、提取时间4h、液料比47mL/g,总酚含量的预测值为148.09mg/g,验证值为146.63mg/g.试验证明,响应面法对槟榔籽中总酚提取条件的优化是可行的,可用于实际预测.抗氧化活性试验表明,槟榔籽提取物具有较强清除DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基能力,其EC_(50)值分别为145.62μg/mL和139.38μg/mL. 相似文献
2.
3.
荔枝果醋液态发酵工艺优化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了荔枝果醋加工中的液态酒精与醋酸发酵工艺,试验表明添加4 g/L的多肽,可促进酒精发酵过程中菌种生长和风味成分(酯及氨基酸态氮)的生成.采用四因素二次通用旋转组合设计优化了酒精发酵工艺条件,当接种量0.15%(安琪酵母和菌株CICC 1312的体积比为2∶1)、还原糖质量浓度为18 g/(100 mL)、发酵温度为30℃、pH值为4.5时,发酵体的酒精度达9.76%.通过L_9(3~4)正交试验优化的醋酸发酵工艺条件为:接种量10%、温度33℃、酒精度6%;此条件下,荔枝果醋总酸质量浓度为5.99 g/(100 mL),总酯质量浓度为0.48 g/L,氨基酸态氮质量浓度达59.8 mg/(100 mL). 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
木薯皮总香豆素活性物质超声波提取工艺优化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了能充分提取和利用木薯皮香豆素活性物质,研究了超声波提取木薯皮总香豆素的工艺。通过单因素试验和Box-Behnken响应面设计优化试验确定了超声波辅助乙醇提取木薯皮中总香豆素活性物质的最优工艺条件,并比较了超声波提取与传统溶剂浸提的提取效果。试验结果表明:超声波辅助乙醇提取木薯皮中总香豆素活性物质的最优工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数95%,超声波功率550 W,提取时间90 min,提取温度60℃,液料比12 mL/g,在此工艺条件下,木薯皮提取物的总香豆素平均质量比为2.48 mg/g。影响总香豆素含量的4个因素的显著程度依次为:超声波功率、提取温度、提取时间、液料比。与溶剂浸提法(提取时间360 min,液料比16 mL/g,总香豆素2.14 mg/g)相比,超声波提取法具有提取速度快、总香豆素含量高、提取物活性好、溶剂用量少等明显优势。 相似文献
8.
9.
稻秸酶解和沼气发酵臭氧氨水联合预处理技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对稻秸进行了臭氧氨水联合预处理提高酶解糖化和沼气发酵效率的实验研究,探索了臭氧氨水联合预处理对木质纤维素降解、单糖质量浓度、还原糖质量浓度和沼气发酵气体产率的影响。结果表明:臭氧氨水两步预处理进一步强化了脱木质素能力,有效提高了稻秸酶解糖化效率和沼气发酵产气率,增强了纤维降解利用率。酶解过程中,随着臭氧用量的增加,葡萄糖质量浓度先增加后降低,臭氧用量0.75 g/g时葡萄糖质量浓度最高,为36.92 g/L;氨水浸泡时间越长,还原糖质量浓度越高,氨水浸泡6 h的还原糖质量浓度为60.51 g/L。因此,酶解的适宜臭氧氨水联合处理条件为臭氧用量0.75 g/g和氨水浸泡时间6 h。对于沼气发酵,臭氧用量1.0 g/g和氨水浸泡时间9 h获得了较高甲烷产率,为165.39 mL/g,有效提高了稻秸产气效率和木质纤维素利用率。 相似文献
10.
11.
Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
12.
瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
13.
对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
14.
对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
15.
About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
16.
在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
17.
Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
18.
在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
19.
20.
车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献