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肌内脂肪（intramuscular fat,IMF）含量是评判猪肉品质的关键指标,其可影响猪肉的嫩度、剪切力、多汁性和风味等。微小RNA （microRNA,miRNA）是一类长度约为22 nt的短链非编码RNA,在胚胎发育、成脂分化、肌纤维形成、神经调节、免疫应答等多种生理过程中发挥重要作用。越来越多的研究表明,miRNA在猪肌内脂肪沉积过程中发挥重要调控作用,是脂质代谢的重要调控因子。作者通过归纳国内外关于miRNA调控猪肌内脂肪沉积的相关研究发现,miR-34a、miR-125a-5p、miR-32-5p等通过靶向作用转录因子Krüppel样因子（Krüppel-like factors,KLF）家族成员调控猪肌内脂肪沉积,miR-130a通过靶向作用过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（peroxisome proliferator activated receptor,PPAR）家族成员调控猪肌内脂肪沉积,miR-34a、miR-17-5p和miR-125a-5p等通过靶向作用其他家族成员,如长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶4（acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4,ACSL4）、核受体共激活因子3（nuclear receptor coactivator 3,NCOA3）等来调控猪肌内脂肪沉积。然而miRNA调控猪肌内脂肪的具体作用机制尚不完全清楚,还需要进一步探究。作者通过梳理目前已经证实的与猪肌内脂肪沉积相关的miRNA,整理相关miRNA的靶基因以及主要作用通路,以期为筛选肌内脂肪相关miRNA提供参考,为改善肉质提供新的思路和策略,为阐明miRNA在猪脂质代谢中的作用机制提供参考。 相似文献
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旨在克隆民猪hnRNPUL1基因全长编码区（complete coding sequence，CDS）序列并进行可变剪接分析，研究其组织表达和亚细胞定位情况。本研究以3头3月龄民猪为试验材料，利用RT-PCR技术克隆hnRNPUL1基因CDS及可变剪接体，应用qRT-PCR检测其在心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、大肠、小肠、背肌、腿肌等组织中的表达情况，同时，在生物信息学预测的基础上，通过融合表达绿色荧光蛋白的方法鉴定核定位序列。研究结果表明，猪hnRNPUL1基因（GenBank accession No.：MN399154）CDS全长2 580 bp，预期编码的多肽链存在着hnRNPs家族的特征性结构域——SAP、SPRY和AAA；猪hnRNPUL1普遍表达于所检测的各组织中，其中在脾脏中表达量最高，在腿肌中表达量最低；核定位序列（NLS）位于多肽链的133~430 aa处，与生物学信息学预测的结果存在着偏差；同时获得了2个变异剪接体和11种可变剪接片段。本研究结果对进一步揭示猪hnRNPUL1基因功能及转录调控机制提供了基础。 相似文献
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本研究主要从转录组的角度对猪肌内脂肪(intramuscular fat,IMF)含量可能的沉积机理进行研究,以期找到IMF沉积相关的通路及候选基因。选择IMF含量差异较大的全同胞个体进行双末端链特异性转录组测序,并利用edgeR软件筛选相关基因;应用ClusterProfiler软件对差异基因进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析,并对其进行分子模块(MCODE)分析,挖掘IMF相关候选基因。结果显示,共筛选出474个差异表达基因,其中329个显著上调,145个显著下调,富集参与20个生物学过程。结合GO网络分析,共筛选出15个与IMF相关过程,主要有离子跨膜转运的调节、葡萄糖跨膜转运膜电位的调节和脂肪酸代谢过程等。MCODE分析结果发现,差异表达基因PPP1CB、CLCA1、COX4I1、SGK1、PAK6、PC、KRAS、PAK6、MAST1、VWC2、CACNG家族基因(尤其PPP1CB、CLCA1、COX4I1、KRAS及CACNG家族基因)可能是调节IMF的关键基因,可作为IMF候选基因进一步研究。本研究鉴定出了IMF作用新通路,并筛选出IMF相关候选基因,可为IMF的沉积机理研究提供材料,为优质肉品质猪的育种提供参考。 相似文献
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猪脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因BsmI位点多态性与肌内脂肪含量的相关研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本研究利用PCR-RFLPs标记技术,对中国地方猪种雅南猪、大河猪、培育品种大河乌猪以及三元杂交群体DLY共113头个体的脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的内含子Ⅰ区域进行了分析研究,发现BsmΙ酶切位点具有多态性,并分为3种基因型(即AA、BB和AB型),通过构建固定效应模型,分析了基因型与肌内脂肪含量的关系。结果表明:基因型AA的肌内脂肪含量极显著的高于基因型AB和BB(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) is a NAD-dependent deacetylase that plays important roles in a variety of biological processes. In the current study, we examined tissue-specific and different expression pattern of porcine Sirt1 and the effect of resveratrol (RES) on expression of Sirt1 in porcine adipocytes. The full-length complementary DNA sequence of porcine Sirt1 was 4,024 bp (GenBank accession no: EU030283), with a 2,226-bp open reading frame encoding a 742-AA protein (a predicted molecular mass of 80.9 kDa; GenBank accession no. ABS29571). Comparison of the deduced AA sequence with the corresponding sequences of human, dog, cattle, and mouse Sirt1 showed 82 to 92% similarity. Furthermore, the porcine Sirt1 was highly expressed in porcine brain, to a lesser degree in spleen and white adipose tissue, and had low but detectable expression in liver. In subcutaneous adipose tissue and omental adipose tissue, expression of the porcine Sirt1 mRNA was greater in adult pigs than in young pigs (P < 0.01). In vitro, exposure of cultured adipocytes to 40 and 80 micro M RES for 24 h increased mRNA levels of porcine Sirt1 by 47.86% (P < 0.01) and 91.04% (P < 0.01), respectively. Accordingly, lipid accumulation and NEFA release were decreased (P < 0.05), respectively. After cultures were treated with RES for 48 h, the mRNA level of porcine Sirt1 was increased by 103.84% (P < 0.01) and 148.79% (P < 0.01), respectively. Lipid accumulation was decreased and NEFA release was increased (P < 0.05), respectively. These results provide information needed for manipulating Sirt1 expression in regulating fat deposition in pigs. 相似文献
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Intramuscular fat (IMF) in cattle is an important component of traits that influence meat quality. We measured carcass characteristics and gene expression in Korean steers to clarify the molecular mechanism(s) underlying IMF deposition in LM tissue by determining the correlation between IMF content and gene expression abundance and by developing models to predict IMF content using gene expression abundance. The deposition of IMF is determined by a balance between fat deposition and fat removal in the LM. We measured mRNA abundance of lipid metabolic genes including lipogenesis [acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FASN)], fatty lipid uptake [lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid translocase (CD36), fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1)], fatty acid esterification [glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 (GPAT1), acylglycerol phosphate acyltransferase 1 (AGPAT1), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), DGAT2], lipolysis [adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), monoglyceride lipase (MGL)], and fatty acid oxidation [carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1B, very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD), medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)] in the LM. The mRNA abundance of the GPAT1 gene showed the greatest correlation (r = 0.74; P < 0.001) with IMF content among 9 fat deposition genes. The gene expression abundance of other fat deposition genes including ACC, FASN, LPL, CD36, FATP1, AGPAT1, DGAT1, and DGAT2 also exhibited significant positive correlations (P < 0.05) with IMF content in the LM. Conversely, ATGL mRNA abundance showed the greatest negative correlation (r = -0.68; P < 0.001) with IMF content in the LM among 6 fat removal genes. The expression of other fat removal genes including MGL, VLCAD, and MCAD showed significant negative correlations (P < 0.05) with IMF content. Our findings show that the combined effects of increases in lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake, fatty acid esterification, and of decreases in lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation contribute to increasing IMF deposition in Korean steers. The multiple regression analysis revealed that the mRNA abundance of the GPAT1 gene in the LM was the first major variable predicting IMF content (54%) among 15 lipid metabolic genes. The second was mRNA abundance of ATGL (11%). In conclusion, these results suggest that GPAT1 and ATGL genes could be used as genetic markers to predict IMF deposition in the LM. 相似文献
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Moore SM Stalder KJ Beitz DC Stahl CH Fithian WA Bregendahl K 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(3):592-601
Corn kernel composition may affect its nutritive value and, thus, pig growth performance and carcass characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the chemical and physical traits of corn kernels from different hybrids on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of pigs. A total of 288 crossbred pigs were grown in a 3-phase program from 21 kg of BW until slaughter at 113 kg of BW with 12 pens (4 pigs/pen) per dietary treatment. Target BW for each phase were 20 to 40 kg (grower 1), 40 to 80 kg (grower 2), and 80 to 120 kg (finisher). In each phase, diets were formulated to be marginally deficient in Lys, TSAA, Ca, Na, and nonphytate P to improve the likelihood of detecting differences in performance due to corn hybrid. Each of 6 corn hybrids represented a wide range of kernel chemical and physical traits and was substituted for corn in a common diet formulation on an equal weight basis to make the 6 dietary treatments. Physical and chemical composition of the kernels were analyzed and correlated with performance measures by multivariate ANOVA. Kernel density was correlated with i.m. fat (IMF) content in LM (r = -.35, P < 0.05). Stenvert grinding time was correlated (P < 0.05) with ADG during the grower 1 phase (r = 0.26), ADFI during the grower 2 phase (r = 0.27), final BW (r = 0.27), and IMF (r = -0.36). The amylose content of the cornstarch was correlated (P < 0.05) with ADG during the grower 2 phase (r = -0.28) and with BW at the end of the grower 2 phase (r = -0.27). The NDF content of the kernels was correlated (P < 0.05) with ADG during the finisher phase (r = -0.30), final BW (r = -0.33), and number of days to market (r = 0.31). The ADF content of the kernels was correlated (P < 0.05) with ADG during the grower 1 phase (r = -0.26), final BW (r = -0.26), and IMF (r = 0.31). The correlations of performance measure variation with individual kernel hybrid physical and chemical traits were statistically significant yet not large enough to base corn hybrid selection for feeding pigs on any single kernel chemical or physical trait. 相似文献
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优质鸡肌内脂肪(IMF)和肌苷酸(IMP)含量与屠宰及肉质性状的相关分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选取92日龄不同优质新品系鸡50只,分析了肌内脂肪(IMF)和肌苷酸(IMP)含量与屠宰性状和肉质性状的相关性。结果显示:肌内脂肪(IMF)含量与腹脂率的相关系数最高(r=0.3234,P=0.0220),与腿肌率的相关系数达到了显著水平(P<0.05);肌苷酸(IMP)含量与胸肌率的相关系数最高(r=0.3604,P=0.0102)。总体上肌内脂肪(IMF)和肌苷酸(IMP)含量与肉质性状的表型相关较弱,其中肌内脂肪(IMF)含量与水分呈显著水平的表型负相关(P<0.05),肌苷酸(IMP)含量与水分呈显著水平的表型正相关(P<0.05),与pH值的相关系数也达到了显著水平(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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Serão NV Veroneze R Ribeiro AM Verardo LL Braccini Neto J Gasparino E Campos CF Lopes PS Guimarães SE 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2011,128(1):28-34
Seventy-two pigs of three genetic groups (Brazilian indigenous breed Piau, Commercial line and Crossbred) of both sexes were slaughtered at four live weights (30, 60, 90 and 120 kg). Intramuscular fat (IMF) content in Longissimus dorsi muscle of each animal was extracted and correlated with candidate gene mRNA expression (ATN1, EEF1A2, FABP3, LDLR, MGP, OBSCN, PDHB, TRDN and RYR1). Within slaughter weight of 120 kg, Piau and Crossbred pigs showed higher IMF content (p < 0.05) than commercial animals, with 2.48, 2.08 and 1.00% respectively. Barrows presented higher values of IMF (p < 0.05) than gilts (1.54 and 1.30% respectively). Gene expression of EEF1A2, FABP3, LDLR, OBSCN, PDHB, TRDN and RYR1 were correlated with IMF (p < 0.05) using the whole dataset. For Piau data only, expression of FABP3, LDLR, MGP, OBSCN, PDHB, TRDN and RYR1 showed correlation with IMF (p < 0.05). Genes that have important roles in lipid transportation inside the cell (FABP3) and tissues (LDLR) showed correlation with IMF of, respectively, 0.68 and 0.63 using the whole data set, and 0.90 and 0.91 using data from Piau animals. The highly positive correlation of the LDLR and FAPB3 expression with IMF content may confirm that these genes are important for fat deposition in the porcine L. dorsi muscle. 相似文献
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Faucitano L Chouinard PY Fortin J Mandell IB Lafrenière C Girard CL Berthiaume R 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(7):1678-1689
Five beef cattle management regimens were evaluated for their effect on meat quality, fatty acid composition, and overall palatability of the longis-simus dorsi (LD) muscle in Angus cross steers. A 98-d growing phase was conducted using grass silage with or without supplementation of growth promotants (Revalor G and Rumensin) or soybean meal. Dietary treatments in the finishing phase were developed with or without supplementation of growth promotants based on exclusive feeding of forages with no grain supplementation, or the feeding of grain:forage (70:30) diets. Growth promotants increased (P < 0.01) shear force and tended (P = 0.06) to increase toughness of the LD muscle due to limited postmortem proteolytic activity (lower myofibrillar fragmentation index value; P = 0.02). Grain feeding increased DM and intramuscular fat content (P = 0.03 and P = 0.05, respectively) in the LD but decreased the sensory panel tenderness score (P = 0.01). Growth promotants increased (P 相似文献
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Masaya KATSUMATA 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(1):17-25
Recently, pork with marbling has received attention as good quality pork and scientists are required to develop methods to produce pork with reasonable amounts of intramuscular fat (IMF). The aim of this review is to describe studies relevant to promotion of IMF accumulation in porcine muscle by nutritional regulation. The main focus is on effect of dietary lysine levels. First, we found dietary low lysine up‐regulated glucose transporter protein 4 messenger (m)RNA expression in Longissimus dorsi (L. dorsi) and Rhomboideus muscles. In addition, the proportion of oxidative fiber of both muscles was also enhanced by dietary low lysine. Because it has been observed that higher oxidative capacity is associated with higher IMF content, we hypothesized that dietary low lysine would promote IMF accumulation. Further, higher mRNA abundance of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, a master regulator of adipogenesis, in both muscles induced by dietary low lysine, supported this hypothesis. Indeed, IMF content of L. dorsi muscle of finishing pigs given a low lysine diet for 2 months until reaching the market weight was twice that of pigs given a control diet. Possible underlying mechanisms of IMF accumulation in porcine muscle and future perspectives are also discussed in this review. 相似文献
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Effect of genetic variants of the heart fatty acid-binding protein gene on intramuscular fat and performance traits in pigs. 总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37
F Gerbens A J van Erp F L Harders F J Verburg T H Meuwissen J H Veerkamp M F te Pas 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(4):846-852
In order to find genetic markers to improve the meat quality of pigs by breeding we studied the relationship between variation in the heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) gene (FABP3) and intramuscular fat (IMF) content. To estimate the effect of H-FABP, pigs from two Duroc populations were selectively mated in such a way that at least two genotypes were present in each litter. In total, data from 983 pigs and pedigree information from three preceding generations were analyzed. Offspring were tested for IMF content as well as backfat thickness (BFT), BW, and drip loss of the meat (DRIP). All pigs were assigned to H-FABP RFLP genotype classes either by the assessed genotype (75%) or based on a probability score determined according to genotypic information of their relatives (25%). Contrasts were detected between homozygous H-FABP RFLP genotype classes for IMF content (.4%, P < .05), BFT (.6 mm, P < .01), and BW (2.4 kg, P < .10). No significant contrasts were detected for DRIP. Results for IMF content, BFT, and BW were confirmed when only genotyped animals were analyzed. Variation in BFT partially explained the effect on IMF content. Although other closely linked genes on porcine chromosome 6 might be responsible for the observed effect, interference of the halothane gene was excluded because all parental animals were noncarriers. In conclusion, H-FABP RFLP can be used as markers to select for increased IMF content and growth in breeding programs. 相似文献
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The effect of adipocyte and heart fatty acid-binding protein genes on intramuscular fat and backfat content in Meishan crossbred pigs 总被引：46，自引：0，他引：46
Gerbens F de Koning DJ Harders FL Meuwissen TH Janss LL Groenen MA Veerkamp JH Van Arendonk JA te Pas MF 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(3):552-559
Effects of genetic variation in porcine adipocyte and heart fatty acid-binding protein genes, A-FABP and H-FABP, respectively, on intramuscular fat (IMF) content and backfat thickness (BFT) were examined in F2 crossbreds of Meishan and Western pigs. The involvement of each FABP gene in IMF accretion was studied to confirm previous results for Duroc pigs. The F2 crossbred pigs were genotyped for various markers including microsatellite sequences situated within both FABP genes. Linkage analysis assigned the A-FABP and H-FABP genes to marker intervals S0001-S0217 (20 cM) on SSC4 and Sw316-S0003 (16.6 cM) on SSC6, respectively, refining previous chromosomal assignments. Next, the role of both chromosome regions/genes on genetic variation in IMF content and BFT was studied by 1) screening SSC4 and SSC6 for QTL affecting both traits by performing a line-cross analysis and 2) estimation of the effect of individual A-FABP and H-FABP alleles on both traits. In the first analysis, suggestive and chromosome-wise significant evidence for a QTL affecting IMF was detected on SSC6. The H-FABP gene is a candidate gene for this effect because it resides within the large region containing this putative QTL. The second analysis showed a considerable but nonsignificant effect of H-FABP microsatellite alleles on IMF content. Suggestive evidence for a QTL affecting BFT was found on SSC6, but H-FABP was excluded as a candidate gene. In conclusion, present and previous results support involvement of H-FABP gene polymorphisms in IMF accretion independently from BFT in pigs. Therefore, implementation of these polymorphisms in marker-assisted selection to control IMF content independently from BFT may be considered. In contrast to previous findings for Duroc pigs, no evidence was found for an effect of the A-FABP gene on IMF or BFT in this population. 相似文献
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为建立能同时检测猪瘟病毒(CSFV)和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的方法,针对CSFV和PRRSV的基因序列设计3对特异性引物,第1对引物扩增CSFV毒株NS2基因508bp片段,第2对引物扩增PRRSV美洲型经典毒株和变异毒株Nsp2基因338bp/248bp片段,第3对引物扩增PRRSV欧洲型毒株ORF5基因614bp片段。经过反应条件的优化,建立了能同时检测并区分CSFV毒株和PRRSV美洲型经典毒株、变异毒株及欧洲型毒株的多重RT-PCR方法。该方法可以特异扩增CSFV和PRRSV,而与猪口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)均无交叉反应;对CSFV和PRRSV 4种重组质粒标准品的检出下限均为1.67×103拷贝/μL。对采集的106份临床疑似病料进行检测,结果CSFV和PRRSV变异株混合阳性4份,占3.77%(4/106);CSFV阳性7份,占6.60%(7/106);PRRSV变异株阳性17份,占16.04%(17/106)。结果表明,建立的多重RT-PCR检测方法可以用于CSFV和PRRSV的临床快速鉴别诊断和流行病学调查。 相似文献