共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 61 毫秒
1.
乳酸链球菌素治疗奶牛乳房炎效果观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
乳酸链球菌素（Nisin）是由乳酸链球菌产生的合有34个氨基酸的抗菌肽,对人体无害。本研究将患临床型乳房炎奶牛92头（107个乳区）和隐性乳房炎奶牛90头（90个乳区）随机分成试验组和对照组。试验组的治疗方法是在患病乳区灌注Nisin;临床型乳房炎以庆大霉素乳房内灌注作对照,隐性乳房炎的对照组不作任何处理。临床型乳房炎的Nisin治疗组细菌学治愈率和临床治愈率分别为60．8％和90．2％,而庆大霉素治疗组则分别为44.6％和91．2％,两者无统计学差异。隐性乳房炎经Nisin治疗后,高体细胞数奶牛的数量和牛奶中NAGase的活性均显著下降,细菌转阴率提高。乳酸菌发酵试验表明,经Nisin乳房内灌注治疗临床型乳房炎后,牛奶在第36小时恢复正常发酵,而庆大霉素治疗则需要72h。 相似文献
2.
选取临床型乳房炎自然发病病例9头,乳房内灌注乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)进行治疗,通过检测日产奶量以及停药后2,7,14,21 d的主要乳成分指标,确定Nisin乳房灌注剂对临床型乳房炎病例泌乳性能的影响情况。结果显示,乳房内灌注Nisin后患病乳区乳腺组织得到一定程度的修复,日产奶量逐渐恢复,停药后8 d的日产奶量与发病前6 d相比,平均降幅2.5 kg。治愈后患病乳区牛奶乳脂肪、乳蛋白、乳糖和非脂乳固体含量都呈现上升趋势,但与同期相比,略低于非用药乳区混合牛奶;其中,乳糖含量增加幅度较快,除停药后2 d的治疗乳区外,乳糖含量均在4.7%以上,提示奶牛乳房炎病例经Nisin乳房灌注治疗后,受损乳腺组织修复较快,乳腺上皮细胞合成乳成分的能力大幅度提高。由此可见,Nisin对奶牛临床型乳房炎具有良好的治疗作用。 相似文献
3.
奶牛隐性乳房炎对产奶量、乳成分和奶中物理指标的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了研究奶牛隐性乳房炎对产奶量、乳常规成分、乳密度和冰点的影响 ,对哈尔滨市及周边地区的 2 89头中国荷斯坦奶牛进行了调查 ,对其中 5 1头患隐性乳房炎奶牛和 2 5头健康奶牛的乳常规成分、乳密度和乳冰点进行了测定。结果表明 :调查地区的奶牛隐性乳房炎阳性率为 75 %。隐性乳房炎导致产奶量下降 ,平均减少 2 .75kg/d ;乳脂肪含量显著低于健康奶牛 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;总酪蛋白和乳糖含量极显著低于健康奶牛 (P <0 .0 1) ;而乳干物质、总蛋白质、非脂固形物的含量及乳密度、乳冰点与健康奶牛无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。 相似文献
4.
该研究考察了不同相对分子质量的壳聚糖对奶牛乳房炎致病菌的体外抑菌效果,以壳聚糖和聚维酮碘为主效消毒成分研制奶牛乳头保护膜药浴剂,分别使用壳聚糖乳头保护膜药浴剂(左乳区,试验组)和聚维酮碘药浴剂(右乳区,对照组)对奶牛乳头进行药浴,通过乳中营养成分、体细胞数(SCC)及体细胞评分(SCS)、隐性乳房炎发病率等指标评价壳聚糖乳头保护膜的使用效果。结果表明,相对分子质量为50×10~3的壳聚糖对6种致病菌的抑菌效果最好;且在乳头保护膜中添加1.00%的壳聚糖后,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌的抑菌效果要显著大于未添加组(P0.05);乳区试验结果表明,试验28 d后试验组和对照组之间的乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖含量、总固体含量和SCC、SCS差异不显著,28 d时,试验组和对照组隐性乳房炎的发病率分别为9.38%和14.58%,此外试验组14 d的SCC显著低于0 d(P0.05),而对照组的差异不显著。表明壳聚糖乳头保护膜药浴剂可有效地预防奶牛乳房炎。 相似文献
5.
旨在研究乳房炎及病原菌组成对中国荷斯坦牛测定日泌乳性能及体细胞数变化的影响.本研究于2009年9月对江苏某奶牛场140头成年中国荷斯坦泌乳牛进行乳房炎检测和DHI测定,同时对隐性乳房炎阳性乳区进行病原菌分离鉴定,并分析了不同乳房炎类型和隐性乳房炎病原菌组成对测定日泌乳性能和乳中SCC变化的影响.结果表明,该牛场临床乳房炎、隐性乳房炎和正常奶牛比例分别为10.00％、51.10％和37.90％,其中隐性乳房炎以大肠杆菌和链球菌混合感染最多(19头,占26.00％),其次为链球菌单独感染(17头,占23.30％).由1种细菌单独感染的比例为26头(占36.11％),2种或2种以上细菌混合感染为44头(占61.11％).乳房炎类型对测定日产奶量、乳糖含量、体细胞数和体细胞评分4个指标影响达到极显著水平(P＜0.01),临床乳房炎和隐性乳房炎奶牛日产奶量和乳糖含量极显著低于正常奶,同时体细胞数和体细胞评分极显著高于正常奶,而临床乳房炎奶和隐性乳房炎奶在所有检测指标上均无显著差异,但临床乳房炎奶比隐性乳房炎奶体细胞数高出约100万·mL-1.不同病原菌组成类型对乳中体细胞数和体细胞评分有极显著影响(P＜0.01),而对其它性状无显著影响(P＞0.05).混合感染奶牛测定日产奶量极显著低于单独感染奶牛(P＜0.01),同时乳中体细胞数显著高于单独感染奶牛(P＜0.01).乳房炎类型对乳中SCC的变化趋势有显著影响(P＜0.01),正常奶牛维持较低SCC的能力较强,隐性乳房炎奶牛在下一泌乳月体细胞增加的可能性较大.不同隐性乳房炎病原菌组成类型对乳中SCC的变化无显著影响.奶牛生产中隐性乳房炎发病率高,危害性也最大,不同病原菌混合感染引起的隐性乳房炎对测定日产奶量和乳中体细胞数影响最大.该结果为奶牛场采取合理措施,降低隐性乳房炎发生率提供了参考. 相似文献
6.
青海地区奶牛无乳链球菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
无乳链球菌是导致奶牛乳房炎的常见病原菌之一,为了掌握青海地区无乳链球菌的流行情况及常用药物的敏感性,从而为本地区更好的预防与治疗奶牛乳房炎提供保障。本试验在青海地区16个奶牛场共采集258份乳房炎乳样,经革兰氏染色与绵羊鲜血琼脂培养基培养纯化,获得疑似链球菌137株;随后经玻片法血浆凝固酶试验、CAMP试验、生化试验与动物致病性试验对无乳链球菌进行鉴定,结果显示,137株链球菌中含有无乳链球菌42株,分离率为30.7%;经K-B纸片扩散法对无乳链球菌耐药性检测结果显示,该地区无乳链球菌主要对头孢类高度敏感,对氧氟沙星、磺胺类、氨苄青霉素与阿米卡星中度敏感。 相似文献
7.
《中国奶牛》2016,(8)
为了探讨金黄超微透皮软膏对奶牛乳房炎的治疗效果,将30头隐性乳房炎患牛和25头临床型乳房炎患牛分别各自随机分为2组。其中,隐性乳房炎患牛中的15头48个乳区为试验组,另15头42个乳区为对照组;临床型乳房炎患牛中的15头25个乳区为试验组,另10头15个乳区为对照组。试验组奶牛每天涂抹受试金黄超微透皮软膏2次,连用3~5d;对照组不用药。每天采集隐性乳房炎患牛奶样,测定其体细胞数变化情况;每天分别从外观、手感、乳汁性状和CMT4项指标评判其临床型乳房炎的治疗情况。结果显示,隐性乳房炎患牛治疗3d后,有效率为100%,治愈率为89.58%,而不用药的对照组无1例痊愈;临床型乳房炎患牛连续用药5d,停药1周后观测,试验组80%的乳区4项指标全部达痊愈水平,而对照组均未达痊愈水平。试验结果表明,金黄超微透皮软膏对奶牛隐性和临床型乳房炎均有良好的治疗效果。 相似文献
8.
为观察乳头液体保护膜对奶牛隐性乳房炎的预防效果,选择隐性乳房炎奶牛60头,随机分为5组,每组12头。试验I组为对照组;II组为4%次氯酸钠组;III组为0.5%洗必泰组;IV组为1%碘伏组;V组为奶牛乳头液体保护膜浸组。在0、30、60、90 d采用SCC法和CMT法检测牛乳中体细胞数并记录临床型奶牛乳房炎发病数和发病率,同时记录各组奶牛泌乳总量和平均泌乳量。结果表明：同对照组相比,各试验组均能显著降低隐性乳房炎病牛体细胞数,且对奶牛乳脂、乳蛋白、乳糖及乳汁pH值、比重、日均泌乳量几乎没有影响。用于预防奶牛隐性乳房炎时,试验III、V的效果高于试验II、IV组,差异显著（P〈0.05）。在进行奶牛隐性乳房炎临床治疗试验时,试验V组对隐性乳房炎的治愈率和有效率分别为77.78%和88.89%,远远高于其他各组。说明奶牛乳头液体保护膜是一种更适合于进行临床防治奶牛隐性乳房炎的新型奶牛药浴药物,对临床型奶牛乳房炎有较好的预防效果,可以作为预防类药物用于奶牛生产中,降低奶牛乳房炎的发生率。 相似文献
9.
刘丽萍 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2006,(12):32
乳房炎是奶牛场的顽疾之一,是奶牛经常发生的疾病。发病率高达60%～70%,乳房炎的病原体有80～130多种。其中主要的病原为无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、全黄色葡萄球菌、乳房链球菌等。1乳房炎—类型奶牛的乳房炎分为急性型、慢性型和隐性乳房炎。1.1急性型乳房炎的特征是乳房红、肿、热、硬痛,乳汁显著异常,奶量减少,体温升高,食欲减退,精神沉郁。1.2慢性乳房炎一般是由急性乳房炎治疗不完全转变过来的。全身症状不明显,仅是乳房有肿块,乳汁变清,有絮状物,产奶量明显下降。1.3隐性乳房炎没有临床表现,乳汁从外观发现不了变化,但是隐性乳房炎很容… 相似文献
10.
"乳康2号"对奶牛细菌性乳房炎的疗效研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用＂乳康2号＂治疗临床型乳房炎奶牛37头。结果表明,治愈28头,有效6头,无效3头,总有效率为91.89%,平均治疗时间4.7d。对采集的37头奶牛治疗前的42个乳区奶样,进行细菌学检查,有33个乳区检出与乳房炎有关的病原菌,占78.57%。检出病原菌5种,主要为无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、乳房链球菌和大肠埃希菌。停药后采集33个乳区奶样,结果有14个乳区细菌转阴,细菌转阴率为42.42%。在转阴的病原菌中,大肠埃希菌转阴率最高（100%）,其次是混合感染（60.00%）和乳房链球菌（50.00%）。 相似文献
11.
12.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Based on clinical observation, it is hypothesised that horses with duodenitis-proximal jejunitis (DPJ) that are treated surgically have a shorter duration, smaller volume, and slower rate of nasogastric reflux (NGR) compared to horses treated medically, are more likely to develop diarrhoea than medically managed cases, and have a higher incisional infection rate than a sample population of horses undergoing abdominal exploration for gastrointestinal disease other than DPJ. OBJECTIVES: To compare: 1) duration, volume and rate of NGR and the percentage of horses with diarrhoea between medically and surgically treated DPJ cases; and 2) incisional infection rate in horses with DPJ undergoing abdominal exploration to a sample population of horses undergoing abdominal exploration for gastrointestinal disease other than DPJ. METHODS: Medical records of cases with DPJ diagnosed 1995-2006 were reviewed. Information obtained included subject details, presenting clinical findings, treatment category (medical/surgical), complications (diarrhoea, incisional infection), and outcome (survival/nonsurvival). Data were analysed using a Chi-squared test and a mixed model analysis of variance. Level of significance was P<0.05. RESULTS: Compared to medical cases, surgical cases had significantly decreased survival, a longer duration and larger total volume of NGR, and were more likely to develop diarrhoea. The incisional infection rate for horses with DPJ undergoing abdominal exploration was 16% compared to 7% for the sample population of horses. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of horses with DPJ did not lead to resolution of NGR faster than medical treatment. Surgical cases were more likely to develop diarrhoea and did not have a significantly higher incisional infection rate than the sample population. 相似文献
13.
Kluger EK Malik R Ilkin WJ Snow D Sullivan DR Govendir M 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,233(8):1270-1277
OBJECTIVE: To compare serum triglyceride concentrations obtained after food had been withheld (i.e., fasting concentrations) in dogs with epilepsy that had been treated long term (> or = 3 months) with phenobarbital or with phenobarbital and potassium bromide with concentrations in healthy control dogs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 57 epileptic dogs that had been treated with phenobarbital (n=28) or with phenobarbital and bromide (29) and 57 healthy, untreated control dogs matched on the basis of age, breed, sex, neuter status, and body condition score. PROCEDURES: Blood samples were collected after food had been withheld for at least 12 hours, and serum biochemical and lipid concentrations were determined. Oral fat tolerance tests were performed in 15 control dogs and 9 dogs with epilepsy treated with phenobarbital alone. RESULTS: 19 of the 57 (33%) epileptic dogs had fasting serum triglyceride concentrations greater than the upper reference limit. Nine (16%) dogs had a history of pancreatitis, and 5 of the 9 had high fasting serum triglyceride concentrations at the time of the study. A significant relationship was found between body condition score and fasting serum triglyceride concentration in all dogs, but serum triglyceride concentration was not significantly associated with phenobarbital dosage or serum phenobarbital concentration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that dogs treated long term with phenobarbital or with phenobarbital and bromide may develop hypertriglyceridemia. Fasting serum triglyceride concentration should be periodically monitored in dogs treated with phenobarbital because hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for pancreatitis. 相似文献
14.
三月底一个风和日丽的日子,我们去镇江采访土著菌养鸡的情况。对于土著菌,我们并不佰生,因为,我们几年前就报道过镇江广电总局基地的土著菌养鸡。只是那时镇江的主要精力放在稻鸭共作的研究和推广上,这几年土著菌养鸡养猪才被越来越多的人重视起来。不但如此,镇江人又用推广稻鸭共作的热情推广起土著菌养鸡养猪来。 相似文献
15.
The pain-relieving effect of carprofen and tolerance to the drug were investigated in 805 dogs that were lame as a result of osteoarthritis. The dogs were of different breeds, ages and bodyweights and of both sexes, and were selected from 51 veterinary clinics. Each dog was treated orally by its owner with 4 mg/kg carprofen for 84 consecutive days. Twenty-four dogs were removed from the study because of side effects, and 55 left the study for reasons unrelated to the treatment. The condition of the dogs and the benefit of the treatment were evaluated by the veterinary surgeons and the owners after 14 days, and at the end of the period of treatment, when 194 of the dogs (26.7 per cent) were no longer lame, and 357 (49.2 per cent) had improved. The period for which the dogs had been lame before entering the study significantly (P<0.01) affected the results and the rate of improvement. Too much exercise during the 84 days of treatment caused some dogs to relapse. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Ohno K Konishi S Kobayashi S Nakashima K Setoguchi A Fujino Y Nakayama H Tsujimoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(9):929-933
Prognostic factors associated with survival in dogs with lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis (LPE) were investigated through a retrospective study. Using case records, 48 dogs diagnosed with LPE were classified as survivors (n = 32) or non-survivors (n = 16), and the clinical and clinicopathological parameters were reviewed between the 2 groups by using univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis. Compared to the hospital population, non-survivors had an overrepresentation of the Shiba breed. Results of univariate analysis indicated that anorexia, severe weight loss, packed cell volume, and total protein were significantly associated with survival for 6 months after diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, anorexia and hypoproteinemia were significantly associated with survival. Furthermore, initial response to treatment was strongly associated with poor prognosis. Based on these clinical and laboratory parameters such as anorexia, hypoproteinemia and initial response to treatment, it may be possible to predict poor prognosis in canine LPE. 相似文献
19.
20.