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1.
采用维生素C(Vc,以Vc磷酸酯为Vc源)添加量分别为50mg/kg、100mg/kg、150mg/kg、200mg/kg、300mg/kg饲料的配合饲料,喂养体质量(42.4±5.0)g的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)60d,以不添加Vc的基础饲料饲喂组为对照,探讨vc对草鱼生长性能、肌肉品质和非特异性免疫的影响.结果表明,饲料中添加Vc能显著提高草鱼增重率,降低饲料系数,当Vc添加量为150～200mg/kg时,草鱼生长性能最佳:随Vc添加量增加,肌肉失水率、肌纤维直径和肌原纤维耐折力呈增加趋势;肌肉胶原蛋白含量和肝脏Vc含量随Vc添加量的增加而增加;Vc添加量为150mg/kg及以上水平时,各实验组草鱼血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性比对照组显著提高(p＜0.05);Vc添加量达到300mg/kg后血清溶菌酶(LSZ)活性比对照组显著提高(P＜0.05);各组间血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性差异不显著(P＜0.05).上述研究表明,饲料中添加Vc能促进草鱼生长,改善肌肉品质,增强非特异性免疫力.适宜的Vc添加量为150mg/kg饲料.  相似文献   

2.
为研究饲料中添加不同含量叔丁基氢醌(TBHQ)对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、血液生化指标、非特异性免疫及肠道组织结构的影响,在饲料中分别添加0、150、450和750 mg/kg的叔丁基氢醌,配制成4种等氮等脂实验饲料,选择初始体质量(8.31±0.04)g大菱鲆幼鱼,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复30尾,采用饱饲投喂方式,每天投喂2次,饲养周期为12 W。结果显示,与对照组相比,450和750 mg/kg TBHQ添加组大菱鲆的增重率、特定生长率均显著降低;450 mg/kg TBHQ添加组实验鱼血清碱性磷酸酶活力显著高于150 mg/kg TBHQ添加组;150 mg/kg TBHQ添加组实验鱼血清白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白含量显著低于对照组和450 mg/kg添加组;450 mg/kg TBHQ添加组鱼的血清肌酐含量显著高于对照组;150 mg/kg TBHQ添加组鱼的血清总蛋白含量显著低于对照组;饲料中添加高剂量的TBHQ能够显著升高血清中CAT、溶菌酶活力(450和750 mg/kg)及头肾吞噬细胞呼吸爆发活力(750 mg/kg);饲料中TBHQ添加量为750 mg/kg时,血清SOD活力显著降低;与对照组相比,饲料中添加450和750 mg/kg TBHQ能够显著降低中肠肠道绒毛长度与肠道直径比,而添加750 mg/kg TBHQ时中肠肠道做绒毛长度与肠道直径的比值显著降低。研究表明,饲料中TBHQ的添加量为150 mg/kg时,对大菱鲆幼鱼生长及生理生化指标无显著影响,而饲料中添加450 mg/kg以上的TBHQ则会对大菱鲆幼鱼的生长及生理状况产生一定负面作用。  相似文献   

3.
为研究复合益生菌对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)生长和抗氧化功能的影响,实验设1个对照组((Ⅰ组)投喂基础饲料)和3个实验组(投喂在基础饲料中添加复合益生菌的饲料,添加浓度分别为1000 mg/kg(Ⅱ组)、2000 mg/kg(Ⅲ组)和3000 mg/kg(Ⅳ组)),每组3个重复,饲养初始体重为(175.79±15.32)g草鱼8周后,测定生长和抗氧化指标。结果显示,各实验组均能显著提高草鱼增重率、特定生长率,降低饵料系数,存活率无显著差异,且Ⅲ组增重率和特定生长率最高,饵料系数最低,增重率比Ⅰ组提高了16.32%。复合益生菌显著提高了草鱼肠道淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性,其中Ⅲ组的脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性最高,Ⅳ组的淀粉酶活性最高;复合益生菌显著提高了草鱼血清中总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和谷胱甘肽含量,当添加量为3000 mg/kg时,会降低其超氧化物歧化酶活性;复合益生菌能显著降低草鱼血清中抗超氧阴离子自由基活性和丙二醛含量,当添加量为3000 mg/kg时,抗超氧阴离子自由基活性和丙二醛含量均有所升高。结果表明草鱼基础饲料中适量添加复合益生菌能促进其生长,降低饵料系数,提高肠道消化酶活性和抗氧化功能,适宜添加量为2000 mg/kg。  相似文献   

4.
研究了在红鱼粉型饲料中添加胆汁酸对大菱鲆摄食、生长及肝脏功能的影响。1080尾初始体质量(19.52±0.02)g的大菱鲆随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复90尾,置于12个2.4 m×1.2m×1.1m养殖缸中,投喂白鱼粉饲料、红鱼粉饲料及红鱼粉饲料中分别添加150 mg/kg和300mg/kg胆汁酸4种试验饲料。67d的养殖试验结果表明,与白鱼粉型饲料相比,红鱼粉型饲料组大菱鲆的特定生长率、肥满度、血清甘油三酯和胆固醇均显著降低(P0.05),而饲料系数和血清谷草转氨酶活性显著升高(P0.05);在红鱼粉型饲料中添加150mg/kg胆汁酸后,大菱鲆的特定生长率和肥满度均显著高于未添加胆汁酸组(P0.05);添加300mg/kg胆汁酸试验组的大菱鲆血清谷草转氨酶活性显著低于未添加胆汁酸组(P0.05)。综上所述,红鱼粉型饲料中添加150mg/kg胆汁酸能够显著提高大菱鲆的特定生长率和肥满度,添加300mg/kg胆汁酸能显著降低血清谷草转氨酶活性,起到保护大菱鲆肝脏功能的作用。  相似文献   

5.
为评价饲料中添加不同水平的姜黄素对杂交鲟(Acipenserbaeri♂×Acipenserschrenckii♀)幼鱼生长和形体指标、血清生化、代谢酶活性、抗氧化功能和肠道结构的影响,在基础饲料中分别添加0、0.025 g/kg、0.05 g/kg、0.1 g/kg和0.2 g/kg的姜黄素配制成5种饲料,投喂初始体重(16.24±0.11) g的杂交鲟幼鱼。实验分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼。结果显示:饲料中添加姜黄素对杂交鲟幼鱼生长没有产生显著影响。血清总胆固醇(TG)含量在姜黄素添加量为0.2 g/kg时显著降低(P<0.05)。肝谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性在0.05 g/kg姜黄素组明显降低,谷草转氨酶(AST)活性在0.05 g/kg、0.1 g/kg、0.2 g/kg添加量时活性显著降低(P<0.05)。十二指肠蛋白酶和淀粉酶分别在0.05g/kg和0.1g/kg姜黄素组活性显著升高(P<0.05)。血清丙二醛(MDA)含量在0.025g/kg时显著降低(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在0.025g/kg时显著高于对照组(P<...  相似文献   

6.
为考察吉富罗非鱼(GIFT,Oreochromis niloticus)对饲料中锌的需要量,以蛋氨酸锌为锌源,配制锌添加水平分别为0,10,20,40,80,160 mg/kg的6组等氮等脂饲料(实测值分别为9.98,21.47,33.75,56.03,88.16,172.54 mg/kg),饲喂初始体质量为(84.44±3.04)g的吉富罗非鱼,试验鱼分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼,养殖周期为10周。结果显示,随着饲料中锌含量的增加,吉富罗非鱼的增重率、特定生长率先显著升高,在锌含量达到33.75 mg/kg后趋于稳定,添加锌显著降低了饲料系数,提高了成活率。饲料锌含量对全鱼水分、粗蛋白及灰分含量无显著影响,显著降低了全鱼粗脂肪含量。饲料中添加锌对血清总胆固醇含量无影响,显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶的活性,碱性磷酸酶活性在锌含量达到33.75 mg/kg后趋于稳定,血清甘油三酯含量,乳酸脱氢酶、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性则呈下降趋势。饲料锌含量显著影响脊椎骨、全鱼和肝脏锌的含量,脊椎骨和全鱼锌含量先线性上升,在锌含量达到56.03 mg/kg后趋于稳定,各组的肌肉锌含量无显著差异。以增重率、骨骼锌和全鱼锌含量为评价指标,根据折线回归分析得出,以蛋氨酸锌为添加锌源,吉富罗非鱼对饲料中锌的需要量分别为32.37、55.67和56.13 mg/kg。  相似文献   

7.
为探讨肌醇对草鱼生长、脂质代谢及抗氧化机能的影响,以实用饲料配方为基础,分别添加0(对照)、50、100、150、200、300和400 mg/kg肌醇,配制成7组等氮等脂的饲料,每组饲料设4个重复,每个重复饲喂初始体质量为(15.00±0.15)g的草鱼25尾,养殖56 d。结果显示,饲料中添加100~150 mg/kg肌醇能显著提高草鱼终末均重(FBW)、增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)及饲料效率(FE);随饲料肌醇添加水平的上升,全鱼脂肪、肝脏脂肪和脂肪沉积率先升后降,在50~300 mg/kg均与对照组存在显著差异,且均在100 mg/kg达到最大值。肌肉脂肪则逐渐下降并趋于稳定,在100 mg/kg达到最小值,100~400 mg/kg差异不显著;肠脂肪酶、血浆总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量及高密度/低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C/LDL-C)均呈先升后降的趋势,除LDL-C在各组间差异不显著外,其余指标均在100~150 mg/kg达到最大值;添加肌醇能显著增强肝脏和肌肉中肉碱脂酰转移酶(CPT-I)和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的活性。与对照组相比,100 mg/kg肝脏CPT-I的增幅比例低于ACC的增幅比例,肌肉则相反;当肌醇添加水平为100~150 mg/kg时,肝脏和肌肉中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性显著升高,丙二醛(MDA)含量及血浆中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)均显著降低。研究表明,实用饲料添加适宜的肌醇能改善草鱼的生长、饲料转化和肝脏功能,促进脂肪消化,加快脂肪酸的合成与分解代谢,使全鱼和肝脏增脂、肌肉降脂,且能够提高肝脏和肌肉的抗氧化机能。以FE和SGR为效应指标,草鱼实用饲料肌醇适宜添加量为90.3~96.4 mg/kg。  相似文献   

8.
为研究饲料中添加谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)对吉富罗非鱼(GIFT)生长性能、组织生化指标和非特异性免疫相关酶活性的影响,实验选用720尾体质量为(3.27±0.04)g的罗非鱼,随机分为6组,分别投喂基础饲料(对照组)和5种添加80、160、240、320和400 mg/kg GSH的试验饲料,养殖期为7周。结果显示,与对照组相比,320 mg/kg组罗非鱼的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质沉积率(PDR)和肝脏RNA/DNA比值分别显著升高,饲料系数显著降低;各添加组罗非鱼肝体比高于对照组,但差异不显著。160～320mg/kg组罗非鱼粗蛋白和240～300 mg/kg组粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组,均在240 mg/kg组达到最高值。320 mg/kg组血清尿素氮(UN)含量与对照组相比显著降低。160～400mg/kg组血清和肝脏类胰岛素生长因子Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)显著高于对照组和80 mg/kg组。240～400 mg/kg组血清溶菌酶(LZM)、320～400 mg/kg组肝脏LZM活性分别显著高于其它各组;与对照组相比,320 mg/kg组血清一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性显著升高;各添加组血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酚氧化酶(PO)、肝脏AKP、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和NOS活性均高于对照组,但差异不显著。结果表明,饲料中添加一定量的谷胱甘肽能显著提高吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的生长性能,提高全鱼粗蛋白与粗脂肪含量、血清和肝脏IGF-Ⅰ水平以及非特异性免疫相关酶活性。以增重率为评价指标,计算出吉富罗非鱼幼鱼饲料中谷胱甘肽的最适添加量为355.13 mg/kg。  相似文献   

9.
选用初始体质量约8.50 g的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella),在56 d的饲养期中分别投喂添加5种不同剂量谷胱甘肽(GSH)(添加量分别为0 mg/kg、100 mg/kg、200 mg/kg、300 mg/kg和400 mg/kg)的试验饲料,观察GSH对草鱼生长、生理指标和抗病力的影响。结果表明,饲料中添加GSH能够提高草鱼特定生长率、存活率和饲料效率。其中,300 mg/kg GSH组草鱼的特定生长率和400 mg/kg GSH组草鱼的存活率显著高于对照组;添加GSH各组草鱼的饲料效率均显著高于对照组,当添加量为200 mg/kg时草鱼饲料效率达到最高。与对照组相比,饲料中添加GSH的各组草鱼肝胰指数明显升高,其中200 mg/kg组达到显著水平。饲料中添加GSH能够提高血清IGF-1水平,其中300 mg/kg和400 mg/kg组显著高于对照组。与对照组相比,各实验组草鱼血液白细胞数目有不同程度升高,其中300 mg/kg和400 mg/kg组均达到显著水平。饲料中添加GSH可以提高草鱼对嗜水气单胞菌的抵抗能力,其中200 mg/kg GSH组草鱼攻毒后存活率达到最高。以特定生长率为判定指标,GSH在草鱼饲料中的适宜添加量为350 mg/kg。  相似文献   

10.
为探讨姜黄素对大口黑鲈生长性能及非特异性免疫的影响，进行为期60 d的试验。配制姜黄素水平为0(对照组)、15、30、60、120、240 mg/kg的6组试验饲料，每组3个平行，每个平行30尾鱼，试验鱼平均体质量为(4.17±0.39) g。试验结果表明：与对照组相比，60 mg/kg姜黄素添加组的质量增加率和特定生长率显著升高(P<0.05),30 mg/kg和60 mg/kg组饲料系数显著下降(P<0.05);30 mg/kg和60 mg/kg姜黄素添加组血液中的白细胞数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各组间红细胞、血红蛋白无显著差异；随着姜黄素含量的增加，血液中的谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶含量先降后升，与对照组相比，60 mg/kg组谷丙转氨酶显著降低(P<0.05),60 mg/kg和120 mg/kg组谷草转氨酶显著降低(P<0.05),总蛋白、球蛋白含量各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);30、60 mg/kg和120 mg/kg姜黄素添加补体替代途径活力(ACH50)显著升高(P<0.05);姜黄素添加组肿瘤坏死因子-α活性显著升高(...  相似文献   

11.
A 49‐days feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of sodium butyrate on growth performance, gut morphology of juvenile grass carp. Five isoenergetic and isonitrogenous experimental diets were compounded by the supplementation in the basal diet with gradient sodium butyrate at 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 mg kg?1 respectively. A total of 375 juvenile grass carp (with initial body weight of 3.8 g) were randomly allocated into five diet treatments, and each treatment has three replicates. The results showed that the specific growth rate (SGR) of SB1000 and SB2000 group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of the other groups. Moreover, the lowest SGR was observed in SB3000 group. Feeding rate and the whole‐body proximate composition including moisture, crude lipid, crude protein and crude ash were not affected by sodium butyrate (P > 0.05). Total superoxide dismutase activities in hepatopancreas in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase activity in hepatopancreas was significantly upregulated by dietary sodium butyrate level (P < 0.05). However, the activity of total antioxidant capacity and the contents of malondialdehyde were not significantly different among groups. The expression levels of mRNA encoding PepT1 and LAT2 in the foregut both showed a first increasing and then decreasing tendency as dietary sodium butyrate level increased (P < 0.05), and peaked in SB1000 and SB2000 groups respectively. The results indicated that appropriate dietary supplementation of sodium butyrate at 2000 mg kg?1 could improve the growth, antioxidant ability and intestinal absorption capacity of the juvenile grass carp.  相似文献   

12.
The aim of this study was to investigate effects of dietary geniposide (GP) on growth performance, flesh quality, and lipid metabolism of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (95.2 ± 0.6 g), fed seven different diets, including a control diet; Eucommia ulmoides (EU)–supplemented diet (20 g/kg); and GP‐supplemented diets containing 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg GP, respectively. Weight gain rate was significantly improved (P < 0.05) and feed conversation ratio was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by supplementation of EU. Grass carp fed 100–800 mg/kg GP‐supplemented diets showed significantly higher total collagen and alkaline‐insoluble collagen content in muscle than control (P < 0.05). Contents of total collagen and the alkaline‐insoluble collagen content in the skin of grass carp were significantly increased by dietary 600–800 mg/kg GP and EU (P < 0.05). Fish fed diets containing 600–800 mg/kg GP showed significantly lower muscle crude lipid content than the EU, control, and 100–400 mg/kg GP groups (P < 0.05). Fish fed 400–800 mg/kg GP diets had significantly higher muscle fiber density and lower muscle fiber diameter and serum triglyceride level than the control (P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of GP could improve flesh quality, but not growth of grass carp. The supplemental level of GP for improving flesh quality was estimated to be a 400–600 mg/kg diet.  相似文献   

13.
为评估灭活植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)及其代谢物在草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)饲料中的应用效果,配制4 组分别含0%(对照组)、300、600和900 mg/kg植物乳杆菌及其代谢物 (LPM)的等氮等能饲料,饲喂草鱼幼鱼[初始体重：(80.47±1.04) g] 6 周。结果显示,草鱼增重率和饲料效率在LPM添加量为300 mg/kg时分别较对照组显著提高19.09%和8.57%(P＜0.05)。LPM添加组肥满度显著低于对照组,且添加量为900 mg/kg时,脏体比较对照组显著降低18.84%(P＜0.05)。全鱼粗蛋白质含量、饲料蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率均在添加量为300 mg/kg达到最大值,分别较对照组显著提高4.40%、11.97%和7.64%(P＜0.05)。LPM添加组肝胰脏和肠道蛋白酶活性较对照组显著升高(P＜0.05)。LPM添加量为600 mg/kg时,草鱼肠道的绒毛数量、绒毛长度和绒毛宽度显著高于对照组 (P<0.05)。饲料中添加LPM对草鱼肠道菌群的多样性无显著影响(P>0.05)。LPM添加量为300 mg/kg时,乳杆菌属和梭菌属的细菌丰度较对照组显著升高(P<0.05)。嗜水气单胞菌、诺卡氏菌、副溶血弧菌对LPM极度敏感。血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量随着LPM添加量的增加而增加。LPM 添加组血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量和碱性磷酸酶活性较对照组显著升高(P<0.05)。综上,饲料中添加300~600 mg/kg LPM能够抑制有害菌的繁殖,改善肠道功能,调节免疫功能,保障肝胰脏的正常功能,提高饲料蛋白质利用,进而提高草鱼生长性能。  相似文献   

14.
在纯化饲料中分别添加生物素0、0.05、0.10、0.20、0.40、0.80、1.60 mg/kg投喂初始质量为(5.92±0.25)g的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)幼鱼8周,研究了不同生物素添加量对草鱼幼鱼生长性能、饲料系数、机体营养成分、血清生化指标的影响。试验结果显示:与对照组相比,添加生物素提高了草鱼幼鱼的增重率、特定生长率,降低了饲料系数。添加量为0.40 mg/kg时草鱼幼鱼的特定生长率和增重率最大,饲料系数最低,并与对照组存在显著差异(P<0.05);添加不同水平生物素对草鱼幼鱼全鱼水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量无显著影响,但添加量为0.40 mg/kg时粗蛋白含量最大。0.10 mg/kg组和0.20 mg/kg组的全鱼灰分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);添加生物素对血清总蛋白(TP)、血糖(GLU)和总胆固醇(TC)无显著影响,但显著提高了血清甘油三酯(TG)含量,各添加组TG含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),1.60 mg/kg添加组的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综合本试验结果,草鱼幼鱼饲料中生物素适宜添加量为0.40 mg/kg。  相似文献   

15.
Two 8‐wk studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of neutral phytase supplementation on hemato‐biochemical status, liver biochemical parameter, and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, and gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, fed with different levels of monocalcium phosphate (MCP). The control diet was prepared with 2% MCP but without phytase (P2.0). The other three experimental diets were prepared with the addition of 1.5, 1.0, and 0.5% MCP, respectively, when supplemented with 500 U/kg neutral phytase in each diet and designated as PP1.5, PP1.0, and PP0.5, respectively. The results indicated that the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, as well as the albumin (ALB) content were increased in grass carp (P < 0.05) and gibel carp (P > 0.05) fed with phytase‐supplemented diets. Meanwhile, the serum cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein, and total protein contents of the two species of fish were increased in comparison to the control. In addition, dietary phytase inclusion did not significantly affect hepatic ALP, ALT, and AST activities in the two species of carp fed with different levels of MCP. Amylase activity increased in foregut and hindgut of both species when fed with the phytase‐supplemented diets while lipase activity was reduced in the foregut and hindgut in both fish. This study suggests that neutral phytase supplementation increases serum ALP, ALT, and AST activities but does not notably affect these enzyme activities in the liver of the two species of carp when fed different levels of MCP. On the other hand, amylase activity increased while lipase activity was reduced in the intestine of the species of carp fed with phytase‐supplemented diets.  相似文献   

16.
镁对草鱼生长、形体、肝功能和糖代谢的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
在以酪蛋白和明胶为蛋白源的纯化日粮(镁含量76.9 mg/kg)中添加不同水平的镁(0、150、300、600、1200和2400 mg/kg),研究镁对体重为(10.68±0.14)g的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)生长、形体、肝功能和糖代谢的影响,时间为10周.结果显示:日粮中适当添加镁显著...  相似文献   

17.
Fancy carp were fed seven dietary treatments with natural pigment sources (tea, mulberry, cassava) at a specific rate to achieve a total carotenoid (TC) concentration in the diet of 25 mg/kg. Growth performance among treatments was not significantly different (p ≥ 0.05). TC and skin redness (a*) of fish fed tea leaves was higher than the other treatments (p ≤ 0.05). Fish fed with tea extract and cassava leaves had higher serum astaxanthin concentrations than the other groups (p ≤ 0.05). This group also retained serum astaxanthin and red color better than other groups two weeks post treatment (p ≤ 0.05). Phagocytic activity was significantly greater in fish fed carotenoid supplements compared with the control group (P ≤ 0.05). Therefore, dietary supplementation with 25 mg/kg tea leaves is sufficient to obtain good coloration in fancy carp as well as enhance immunity.  相似文献   

18.
Sodium butyrate is one of the most popular feed additives in animal husbandry. In recent years, sodium butyrate has been increasingly used as supplement in aquaculture. The present study is to investigate the intestinal mRNA and microRNA response to diet with sodium butyrate in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), an important aquaculture species in China. mRNA and microRNA profiles of intestine of grass carp fed with diet contained 0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/kg sodium butyrate were obtained by RNA‐seq using Illumina Hiseq 2,500 platform. The feeding trial was performed using 18 individuals of 1‐year‐old grass carp (n = 3 for each group) and lasted for 40 days in tanks in laboratory. A total of 349,860,852 sequence reads were generated from six intestinal libraries. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that genes participated in immune pathways tend to be activated by sodium butyrate supplementation. A total of 700 microRNAs were obtained, including 275 conserved microRNAs and 425 novel microRNAs which are potentially involved in regulating 14,300 genes. Spearman's correlation analysis identified 18 pairs of microRNA‐mRNA associated with immune pathways (p < .01 and R<?0.5). The potential genes targeted by microRNAs include CXCL12, AKT1S1, Cab39 and MHCII which are important genes associated with intestinal immune pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first integrated profiling of both mRNA and microRNA in intestine with supplementation of sodium butyrate in grass carp. The present results suggest that sodium butyrate affects intestinal immune system by regulating microRNA‐mRNA interaction in fish.  相似文献   

19.
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary sodium butyrate on growth performance, intestine enzyme activities and intestinal proliferation‐related gene expression of juvenile golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus. A basal diet was supplemented with sodium butyrate at 0.0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 g/kg feed for 8 weeks. The final body weight, weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and condition factor (CF) increased with increasing dietary sodium butyrate up to 2.0 g/kg, and thereafter declined, while feed conversion ratio exhibited an opposite trend. Compared with the control, the 2.0 g/kg sodium butyrate group had higher condition factor (CF) significantly (p < 0.05). Whole body ash decreased with increasing dietary sodium butyrate level, with the lowest whole body ash content in 4.0 g/kg sodium butyrate (p < 0.05). Compared with the control, the 2.0 g/kg sodium butyrate group had significantly increased plasma glucose, cholesterol, albumin level, A/G ratio, ALT and AST contents (p < 0.05), while significantly decreased plasma ALT/AST ratio (p < 0.05). As for the intestinal digestive and brush border enzymes activities, compared with the control, the 2.0 and 4.0 g/kg sodium butyrate groups had significantly increased intestinal protease, amylase, AKP and Na+‐K+‐ATPase activities (p < 0.05), respectively. The relative level of intestinal CDX2 mRNA of fish significantly increased with dietary sodium butyrate level. Compared with the control, the 2.0 g/kg sodium butyrate groups had significantly increased the expression of intestinal CDX2 and CREB mRNA (p < 0.05), respectively. In conclusion, these results suggested that the optimum sodium butyrate level for juvenile golden pompano could be 2.0 g/kg of the diet.  相似文献   

20.
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is one of the inhibitory neurotransmitters that may have the ability to regulate the appetite. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary GABA, as a feed additive, on growth performance and antioxidant status of juvenile grass carp. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets with graded levels of GABA (0, 20, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were fed to grass carp juveniles (mean weight: 2.0 g) for 8 wk. The results showed that the specific growth rate (SGR) increased significantly with dietary GABA level up to the 100 mg/kg diet, and then decreased in the 200 mg/kg group (P < 0.05). The difference in SGR value between the 50 and 100 mg/kg groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The survival rate was not significantly affected by dietary GABA level (P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the whole body composition among treatments (P > 0.05). The hepatopancreatic glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased significantly (P < 0.05) with the GABA level, peaked in the group with GABA 100 mg/kg, and then decreased. The hepatopancreatic superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity activities showed the same trend as GPx. Inversely, the hepatopancreatic malondialdehyde content decreased first and then increased with the dietary GABA level (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the gene expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), cholecystokinin, leptin, and ghrelin in the hepatopancreas among groups. However, the NPY and ghrelin mRNA expression levels in the brain increased significantly with the GABA level, peaked in the groups of 50 mg/kg, and then showed a decreasing trend. On the basis of quadratic regression analysis of SGR, the optimum content of dietary GABA in juvenile grass carp is suggested to be a 87.5 mg/kg diet.  相似文献   

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