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[目的]为了解牛副结核病在山东省规模牛场的发病和流行情况。[方法]本研究采用血清学检测方法,抽检山东省25个牛场（13个奶牛场、12个肉牛场）血清样品738份（奶牛血清383份,肉牛血清355份）,进行牛副结核病抗体检测。[结果]25个牛场中有12个牛场存在牛副结核病抗体阳性,群体阳性率为48.00%。738份样品中35份为阳性,个体阳性率为4.74%。表明牛副结核病在山东省部分规模化牛场普遍存在。[结论]此次流行病学调查基本摸清山东省部分规模化牛场牛副结核病的感染情况,为今后该病防控提供参考依据。 相似文献
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本研究对大连市全部11个奶牛场开展抽样调查,通过设计两阶段随机抽样方案并结合问卷调查,初步了解了大连市奶牛场副结核病流行状况以及奶牛场从业人员对副结核病防控知识的掌握情况和行为特点。研究结果显示,大连市奶牛场副结核病平均个体血清流行率为17.23%(95%CI:15.99%～18.74%),场群真实流行率为100%;年龄、胎次是奶牛副结核病重要的风险因素;奶牛副结核病是导致大连市奶牛腹泻的主要原因之一;大连市奶牛场从业人员对副结核病的认知程度有限,部分规模场对本病认识不足,导致部分防控措施落实不到位。研究结果提示,大连市需重视对奶牛副结核病的防控,采取综合防控措施,阻止本病的继续蔓延并在有条件的场户开展净化;各奶牛场应严格做好生物安全工作,在引进奶牛时严格检疫,防止引进阳性牛、隐性感染牛;兽医部门应该加强科普宣传,增强奶牛场工作人员对副结核病的判断力,提高其防范副结核病的能力。 相似文献
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为初步了解河南省安阳市殷都区奶牛副结核病流行情况与分布特点,于2017年4～10月对安阳市6个规模化奶牛场共480份奶牛血清样品进行副结核病抗体检测,旨在为制定相应的防控措施提供数据。结果显示,共有27份血清样品检测为阳性,平均阳性率为5.63%,不同发育阶段奶牛阳性率存在一定差异,其中以小牛最高,为16.07%。副结核病在安阳市殷都区奶牛场广泛存在,感染率较低,但养殖场(户)仍需制定相应的防控措施。 相似文献
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本次实验目的是了解方城县奶牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行情况及特点,为有效实施相关的免疫和预防工作提供依据,应用牛传染性鼻气管炎抗体检测试剂盒对4个奶牛场248份血清样品进行检测.结果显示,4个奶牛场均有抗体阳性奶牛,阳性率为100%,其中阳性率最高的奶牛场为88.70%,最低的奶牛场为41.10%,共有153份血清检测为阳性,平均阳性率为61.69%.此次调查结果表明方城县牛传染性鼻气管炎流行情况较为严重,当地畜牧部门和养殖户必须加强对该病进行有效的防控. 相似文献
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本次实验目的是了解安阳市部分地区奶牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行情况及特点,为有效实施相关的免疫和预防工作提供依据,应用牛传染性鼻气管炎抗体检测试剂盒对4个奶牛场248份血清样品进行检测。结果显示,4个奶牛场均有抗体阳性奶牛,阳性率为100%,其中阳性率最高的奶牛场为88.70%,最低的奶牛场为41.10%,共有153份血清检测为阳性,平均阳性率为61.69%。此次调查结果表明安阳地区牛传染性鼻气管炎流行情况较为严重,当地畜牧部门和养殖户必须加强对该病进行有效的防控。 相似文献
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为了解新疆地区部分规模奶牛场牛病毒性腹泻病（BVD）的流行情况,优化防控措施,以达到建设防控净化场的目的,自2020年11月到2021年7月累计采集新疆5 个地区16 个奶牛场共计26 997 份血清、3 843 份犊牛耳组织进行全群普检。通过使用IDEXX公司牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）抗原检测试剂盒检测及RT-PCR复检结合测序等方法,淘汰阳性牛,同源性分析流行毒株情况。BVDV血清抗原检测结果为：沙湾某奶牛场BVD阳性率为1.63%（38/2 326）;乌鲁木齐某奶牛场BVD阳性率为0.35%（4/1 132）;其余奶牛场均为阴性。犊牛耳组织抗原检测结果为：乌鲁木齐某牛场BVDV阳性率为1.17%（4/342）;其余奶牛场均为阴性。研究结果揭示,奶牛场通过淘汰BVDV阳性牛,调整免疫程序、制定消毒程序等方法,可有效净化BVD。 相似文献
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为了解东北地区牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病病毒(BVDV)的流行情况,本研究采用间接ELISA试验与套式RT-PCR分型检测方法对东北地区19个规模化奶牛场的1 198份血清进行了BVDV的抗体与核酸检测.结果表明,BVDV在东北地区呈散发性流行,抗体阳性率为23.5％,各奶牛场抗体阳性率在0～40％之间;BVDV核酸阳性的奶牛场均包括在抗体阳性的奶牛场中,并且均为BVDV Ⅰ型.结果提示,东北地区大部分奶牛场中存在BVDV污染,并且可能存在有持续性感染牛,应采取相应的净化措施对该病进行控制. 相似文献
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为查明导致新疆北疆某规模化牛场奶牛腹泻、消瘦的主要病原菌,本研究采用微生物学与分子生物学方法对采集的患牛粪便进行检测与鉴定。结果显示:2份粪样抗酸染色阳性,IS900基因及亚型分型基因检测阳性,IS900基因与GenBank中多个副结核分枝杆菌序列同源性在99%以上,亚型分型基因与Ⅱ型同源性为99.81%,从而确定2份样本均被Ⅱ型(牛型)副结核分枝杆菌感染。 相似文献
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Mass screening of cattle sera against 14 infectious disease agents, using an ELISA system for monitoring health in livestock. 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
D E Behymer H P Riemann W Utterback C D-Elmi C E Franti 《American journal of veterinary research》1991,52(10):1699-1705
Mass screening ELISA methods were developed for testing cattle serum for antibodies against 14 common livestock diseases simultaneously. The absorbance values were transformed to a %ELISA (spectrophotometric antibody end point) by a computer interfaced with a microplate reader. A histogram indicating a cutoff point and a report for the veterinarian also was generated. The computer program produced a print-out of the antibody profile for each animal tested, the antibody concentration against each disease, and a histogram (antibody profile) showing the prevalence of each disease in the herd. Serum samples were obtained from 1,953 cattle, including 880 dairy cattle from 10 herds and 1,073 beef cattle from 20 herds. These samples were obtained from June 1988 through June 1989. The highest antibody prevalence was against bluetongue virus. Of the 1,953 cattle tested, 1,223 (63%) were seropositive for bluetongue virus, including 502 (57%) of the dairy cattle and 721 (67%) beef cattle. Other antibody prevalences, in descending order, were: rotavirus (44%), Pasteurella spp (25%), Leptospira spp and Haemophilus spp (22%), Mycoplasma spp (18%), parainfluenza virus (17%), Campylobacter spp (16%), Anaplasma marginale (15%), bovine leukosis virus (13%), Brucella spp (8%), Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (8%), bovine viral diarrhea virus (3%), and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (3%). Major differences in antibody prevalence between dairy and beef cattle were that only 4% of the dairy cattle were seropositive for A marginale, compared with 25% of the beef cattle, and conversely, 29% of the dairy cattle were seropositive for bovine leukosis virus, compared with 1% of the beef cattle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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为了解我国部分省（区）规模化牧场中牛副结核病的流行情况,对2015年采集自内蒙古自治区、黑龙江省、湖北省、四川省、安徽省、江苏省6个省（区）规模化牧场的16 172份奶牛血清样品进行了副结核分枝杆菌抗体检测。结果显示,检测样品的副结核分枝杆菌抗体总阳性率为2.59%,6个省（区）的抗体阳性率分别为：内蒙古自治区2.09%、黑龙江省3.90%、湖北省2.05%、四川省5.23%、安徽省8.00%、江苏省1.22%;不同饲养规模牧场的阳性率分别为：大型牧场2.42%、中型牧场2.01%、小型牧场4.32%,小型牧场的阳性率极显著高于中型牧场（P〈0.01）,显著高于大型牧场（P〈0.05）。综上提示,我国安徽省、四川省、黑龙江省等地规模化牧场奶牛的副结核分枝杆菌感染率较高,大型牧场和中型牧场的阳性率低于小型牧场。该次流行病学调查结果可为我国牛副结核病的预防和控制提供参考数据。 相似文献
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Wells SJ Whitlock RH Lindeman CJ Fyock T 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(8):1207-1211
OBJECTIVES: To compare sensitivity of several methods of bacteriologic culture of pooled bovine fecal samples for detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and evaluate homogeneity in number of M paratuberculosis in pooled fecal samples. SAMPLE POPULATION: Feces from 10 dairy cows that shed M paratuberculosis at various concentrations and 1 dairy cow known to be free of infection with M paratuberculosis. PROCEDURE: 5 fecal pooling methods, 2 culture methods, and 2 pool sizes were evaluated. Each pooled sample contained 1 infected sample and 4 or 9 uninfected samples. RESULTS: Sensitivity of detection of M paratuberculosis was greater with smaller pool size (5 vs 10 samples/pool). Detection sensitivity was also associated with concentration of bacteria in the infected sample. Results indicated that, compared with concurrent bacterial culture of individual infected samples, 37 to 44% of pooled samples with low bacterial concentrations yielded positive culture results and 94% of pooled samples with high bacterial concentrations yielded positive results. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bacteriologic culture of pooled fecal samples may provide a valid and cost-effective method of detecting M paratuberculosis infection in cattle herds. 相似文献
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内蒙古地区奶牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病血清流行病学调查 《畜牧与饲料科学》2014,35(3):106-106
应用ELLSA试验对来自内蒙古地区17个大﹑中﹑小型奶牛场的2391份牛血清样品进行了牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病抗体检测,并对其中222份抗体阴性牛应用ELISA试验进行牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病的抗原检测。结果表明：17个奶牛场均检出BVDV抗体阳性,共检出阳性血清2125份,阳性率最高达100%,最低为46.8%,平均为88.9%。对14个奶牛场进行了BVDV抗原检测,在5个奶牛场检出BVDV抗原阳性,阳性率为3.6%（8/222）。表明内蒙古地区奶牛场普遍存在牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病感染,感染率较高,并且牛群中存在持续性感染（PI）牛。 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the survival time of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in amitraz-based cattle dip fluid derived from an active dip site in northern New South Wales. PROCEDURE: Following inoculation of triplicate 5 L containers with faeces (0.5 g/L) from a clinical case of bovine paratuberculosis, samples collected up to 8 weeks after inoculation were examined by conventional and radiometric culture. M a paratuberculosis colonies were enumerated on solid media. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: M a paratuberculosis survived in amitraz cattle dip fluid for up to 2 weeks, but not 3 weeks. Where 1% of solids in dip fluid is derived from a clinical case of paratuberculosis, dip fluid may contain viable M a paratuberculosis for at least 2 weeks. These findings have implications for the management of cattle dip sites. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To identify the optimum pooling rate for pooled faecal culture (PFC) as a diagnostic tool in bovine Johne's disease control, for detection of cattle shedding low concentrations of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (Map). METHOD: Thirteen target animals were selected by delayed growth of Map from initial individual radiometric faecal cultures (first growth index at 5 weeks or later). A procedure based on radiometric culture and IS900 polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease analysis confirmation was then used for PFC. RESULTS: Eight samples (stored for up to 17 months at -80 degrees C) yielded Map on subsequent culture, either from undiluted faeces or those mixed with normal cattle faeces at dilution rates from 1 in 5 to 1 in 50. From a regression equation, culture-positive animals were considered to be shedding relatively low levels of Map (< 6 x 10(4)/g of faeces). Pooling dilutions of more than 1 in 5 reduced PFC sensitivity. A minimum incubation period of 10 weeks at a dilution of 1 in 5 is recommended to detect such infected cattle. This pooling rate in radiometric culture is probably capable of detecting cattle shedding < or = 5 x 10(3) Map organisms/g of faeces, representing an estimated inoculum per culture vial of fewer than 20 viable organisms. CONCLUSION: Map was detected in more than 50% of the stored faecal samples from cattle shedding low concentrations of the organism. A pooling rate of 5 samples per pool is required to reliably detect infected low-shedder cattle using PFC based on radiometric culture. 相似文献
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Evaluation of conventional and radiometric fecal culture and a commercial DNA probe for diagnosis of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infections in cattle. 
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下载免费PDF全文 Radiometric (RCM) and conventional fecal culture (HEY) and a commercial polymerase chain reaction/DNA probe were evaluated as diagnostic tests for subclinical paratuberculosis in dairy cattle using fecal specimens from a repository of paratuberculosis specimens. The case definition of subclinical bovine paratuberculosis was isolation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, by conventional or radiometric culture, from fecal samples or internal organs of dairy cattle without diarrhea or chronic weight loss. Animals designated as free of the disease originated exclusively from certified paratuberculosis-free herds in Wisconsin. Among 182 infected cattle, RCM and HEY fecal culture and the DNA probe had test sensitivities of 54.4%, 45.1% and 33.5%, respectively. Fecal samples from only 111 of the M. paratuberculosis-infected cows tested positive by at least one of the three tests and these cows were designated as fecal shedders; the remaining 71 were considered to have prepatent infections. Among the 111 M. paratuberculosis fecal shedders, RCM, HEY and the probe detected the organism in 89.2%, 73.8% and 55.0% of the fecal specimens, respectively. Herd prevalence significantly affected the sensitivity of all three diagnostic tests (p less than 0.05) but only affected the fecal shedder detection efficiency of the DNA probe (p less than 0.01). No positive DNA probe results were found on 100 randomly selected fecal samples from cows in four certified paratuberculosis-free herds, thus the DNA probe was 100% specific. Probe analyses could be performed in 24 h or less. Time to complete the culture-based tests was 12 wk for HEY and 7 wk for RCM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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为了调查新疆地区某规模化奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎（IBR）发病情况,通过采集不同生长阶段牛群血清共计362 份,使用牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gB（IBR-gB）抗体检测试剂盒检测牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒（IBRV）抗体效价,评估该奶牛场IBRV疫苗免疫效果。结果显示,后备牛中犊牛和青年牛IBRV抗体阳性率分别为88.57%（31/35）、75.00%（21/28）;成年母牛中泌乳期母牛、干奶期母牛IBRV抗体阳性率分别为81.46%（145/178）、95.04%（115/121）。阴性数共44 份,可疑数8 份,IBRV抗体平均阳性率为88.38%;结果表明,疫苗接种后,不同生产阶段牛群均可产生不错的抗体保护效果,为奶牛场防控IBR提供依据。 相似文献