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1.
基于高光谱图像的茶树LAI与氮含量反演 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1
为了对茶树进行实时、快速、无损的叶面积指数LAI和氮含量检测,该文以英红九号茶树为试验对象,利用便携式高光谱成像仪采集光谱数据、人工破坏性采摘叶片进行叶面积指数的计算以及传统化学方法测量叶片氮含量,比较不同高光谱特征变换形式与LAI和氮含量之间的相关性,并选择其中相关系数较高的高光谱特征变量作为自变量,分别采用线性、指数、对数和抛物线表达式建立LAI和氮含量的回归模型。结果显示:在多种高光谱数据变量建立的模型中,以绿峰反射率R_g为自变量的对数拟合模型最佳,其拟合样本的决定系数R~2和验证样本的均方根误差RMSE值分别为0.9和0.087 6。以植被指数变量VI_4(红边面积/黄边面积)与氮含量建立的指数模型为最佳建模效果,拟合样本的决定系数R~2和验证样本的均方根误差RMSE值分别为0.830 3和0.102 9,研究结果可为茶树叶面积指数LAI和营养成分的无损检测提供参考。 相似文献
2.
便携式茶鲜叶品质光谱检测装置研制 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
品质监测对茶鲜叶适时采摘和茶叶加工品控具有重要意义。该研究基于可见/近红外光谱技术，研发了便携式茶鲜叶品质无损检测装置。该装置分为主机和手柄2部分，主机大小约240 mm×250 mm×240 mm，包括光谱仪、光源、可充电锂电池、稳压板和散热风扇；手柄大小约130 mm×100 mm×30 mm，包括光纤探头、金属灯杯、白参考板和外触发按钮。基于该设备，采集了茶鲜叶500～900 nm范围内可见/近红外漫反射光谱，对比了归一化（Normalize，NOR）、一阶导数（First Derivative，FD）、标准正态变量变换（Standard Normal Variable Transformation，SNV）和概率商归一化（Probabilistic Quotient Normalization，PQNOR）等不同光谱预处理方法对茶叶光谱的处理结果，建立了茶鲜叶干物质含量、水浸出物含量、茶多酚含量的偏最小二乘定量预测模型。结果表明，PQNOR预处理后建立的偏最小二乘预测模型精度最好，干物质、水浸出物和茶多酚含量预测模型在验证集的相关系数分别为0.905、0.896和0.747，均方根误差分别为0.856%、0.559%和0.549%。在茶园对装置的精度进行了现场测试，单片茶鲜叶检测时间约为1 s，干物质、水浸出物和茶多酚含量预测值与测量值的均方根误差分别为0.903%、0.634%和0.551%。该装置可以实现茶鲜叶光谱原位采集和干物质含量、水浸出物、茶多酚的定量分析，对及时掌握茶树生长情况、辅助决策采茶方案和保障茶叶品质具有重要作用。 相似文献
3.
Quantification of uronic acids in tea polysaccharide conjugates and their antioxidant properties 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
A technique of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was described for the measurement of total uronic acids in tea polysaccharide conjugates. This method was applied to polysaccharide conjugate extracts obtained from green tea after most of the components that produce interference were removed. The preliminary extraction process was according to the procedure of isolation of polysaccharide conjugates. The uronic acid content of different polysaccharide conjugate fractions was quantified by HPLC on a Sugar-Pak I column with a 1.0 x 10(-)(4) mol x L(-)(1) calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution as the mobile phase and refractive index detection. The validation study showed high recoveries (>97.0%) and low coefficients of variance (<3.0%). The minimum detectable limit concentration of uronic acid was 10 microg x mL(-)(1). The analysis of a standard range of galacturonic acid concentrations (100-4000 microg x mL(-)(1)) yielded linear results. The use of the method on different polysaccharide conjugate fraction samples confirmed its effectiveness. With the high content of uronic acids in polysaccharide conjugates, the stronger reactive oxygen species scavenging activities were found. 相似文献
4.
[目的]探究凤凰单枞茶树对土壤中铬和锰的吸收规律,为综合防治茶园土壤Cr和Mn污染提供科学依据。[方法]对粤东揭阳市揭东县宝山茶园凤凰单枞茶树和土壤进行采样,运用原子吸收分光光度计法测定茶叶、茶茎和茶根中Cr和Mn的含量,并采用乙酸提取法和原子吸收分光光度计法测定土壤样品中酸可提取态Cr和Mn的含量。[结果]茶树各器官Cr含量由高到低分布情况依次为:茶根>茶茎>茶叶;而Mn含量分布情况依次为:茶叶>茶茎>茶根。茶叶中Cr和Mn含量与土壤中酸可提取态Cr和Mn呈显著正相关性,茶茎中Cr含量与土壤中酸可提取态Cr也呈显著正相关性;茶叶、茶茎和茶根中的Cr含量均与土壤中有机质含量呈显著正相关性,茶根中的Mn含量与土壤pH值呈显著负相关性,茶叶中的Mn与土壤有机质呈显著正相关性。[结论]通过调节土壤酸可溶解态Cr和Mn,土壤pH值和有机质含量,从而控制茶树吸收Cr和Mn的量,可以达到防治茶叶重金属污染,提高茶叶质量的目的。 相似文献
5.
微波、超声波对茶叶主要化学成分浸提效果的研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
浸提工艺是影响茶饮料品质的关键环节之一。如何在低温短时浸提条件下保持茶叶良好的品质和较高的内含成分浸出率，是茶饮料生产工艺急待解决的难题。尝试将微波、超声波应用于茶饮料浸提过程中，研究了两种浸提方法对茶叶主要化学成分浸出的影响，结果显示微波、超声波对茶多酚、氨基酸、咖啡碱的浸出率与常规浸提法相当,对蛋白质、果胶等大分子物质的浸出有抑制作用。分析了不同浸提方式茶汤中主要儿茶素的含量，结果表明超声波浸提茶汤中主要儿茶素的含量高于其它浸提方式。微波、超声波处理适合于茶饮料的浸提。 相似文献
6.
基于GC-IMS技术的福建白茶产地判别 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了实现福建省白茶产地的快速鉴别,采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱(Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry,GC-IMS)技术对福建不同产地白茶挥发性物质进行检测,结合化学计量学方法建立白茶产地判别模型。结果表明,福鼎、福安、政和、建阳和松溪各产地间白茶挥发性物质含量存在差异,政和、建阳和松溪3地制成的白茶样品相似度相对较高。GC-IMS谱图数据和241种标记物质数据均可用于白茶产地区分。GC-IMS谱图数据建立的K近邻线性判别分析(K-near Neighbor Linear Discriminant Analysis,LDA-KNN)、多层感知机线性判别分析(Multi-layer Perceptron Linear Discriminant Analysis,LDA-MLP)和支持向量机线性判别分析(Support Vector Machine Linear Discriminant Analysis,LDA-SVM)模型判别率分别为91.84%、93.88%和93.88%;标记物质建立的Adaboost线性判别分析(LDA-Adaboost)、决策树线性判别分析(LDA-DecisonTree)、LDA-KNN、LDA-MLP、随机森林线性判别分析(LDA-Random Forest)和LDA-SVM模型判别率均为100%。结果表明基于标记物质数据建立的6种模型能更有效对白茶产地进行区分。研究结果为福建白茶原产地保护提供技术支持。 相似文献
7.
土壤母质与茶叶质量的关系初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Six tea plantations with different soil-forming parent naterials,the same tea variety and tea age and similar landforms and management were selected to conduct a systematic study on the realtionship between soil properties and tea quality.The results showed that the quality of tea grown on the soil derived from dolomites,Quaternary red clays,were inferior.Further study showed that sandy soils were beneficial to improving amino acid content of tea ,and clayey soils made it decrease;high content of bases might decrease the contents of tea polypenols,caffeine,water extracts,but promote the content of amino acds;available phosphorous was significantly positively correlated with water extracts ,but significantly negatively correlated with caffeine;slowly avaiable potassium was positively correlated with amino acid content .Soil parent materials should be regarded as an important factor in eveluating the adatability of tea to soils. 相似文献
8.
Tea, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae) is cultivated in Argentina in the northeastern region (provinces of Misiones and Corrientes), between 26 degrees and 28 degrees south latitude, the southernmost area of the world where tea is cultivated. The objective of this work was to determine the total polyphenol content and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of green and black tea cultivated and industrialized in Argentina. Twelve samples of eight brands were analyzed. The total polyphenol content was determined according to the International Organization for Standardization method (ISO) 14502-1 for the determination of substances characteristic of green and black tea. The antioxidant capacity was determined by the ferric thiocyanate method (FTC) and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging assay. Green tea showed a higher polyphenol content than black tea. The total polyphenol concentration in green tea was found to vary from 21.02 +/- 1.54 to 14.32 +/- 0.45% of gallic acid equivalents (GAE), whereas in black tea, the polyphenol content ranged from 17.62 +/- 0.42 to 8.42 +/- 0.55% of GAE (P < 0.05). A similar profile was observed for the antioxidant capacity determined by both methods. The antioxidant activities were well correlated with the total polyphenol content (r (2) = 0.9935 for the ferric thiocyanate method and r (2) = 0.9141 for the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay). This is the first systematic screening for the quantification of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in tea commercialized in Argentine markets. The results obtained herein allow one to conclude that Argentine tea is of very good quality when compared to teas from other sources. 相似文献
9.
粤东凤凰山茶区土壤镉赋存形态特征及茶叶有效性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对粤东凤凰山茶区12个大型茶园土壤和茶叶进行采样,采用连续提取法将茶园土壤Cd分为可交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态、有机束缚态和残渣态,探讨了茶园土壤Cd的5种化学形态组成特征及其与土壤理化性质和茶叶Cd积累的关系。结果表明:(1)茶区土壤中镉的化学形态分布受到土壤pH值和有机质含量的影响,土壤中Cd的5种化学形态分布的规律为:残渣态>碳酸盐结合态>可交换态>铁锰氧化物结合态>有机束缚态;茶区土壤可交换态Cd和残渣态Cd与土壤中的pH值呈极显著负相关性关系,而有机结合态Cd与土壤pH值呈显著正相关关系;有机质含量与氧化物结合态Cd和有机束缚态Cd呈显著正相关关系,而与可交换态Cd和残渣态Cd呈显著负相关关系。(2)茶叶中Cd含量在0.30~0.98mg/kg,平均含量为0.65mg/kg;茶叶中的Cd含量与土壤中可交换态Cd有显著正相关关系,而与土壤pH值呈显著负相关关系。因此,可以通过调节茶园土壤pH值,影响土壤中Cd的化学形态分布,最终达到降低茶叶中Cd含量,提高茶叶品质的目的。 相似文献
10.
发酵是红茶加工过程中关键的一道工序,对红茶的品质形成有着重要影响。该研究以大叶种英德红茶中的英红九号为研究对象,试验收集了204份不同发酵时间的红茶样品并使用便携式近红外光谱仪和工业相机获取红茶发酵中的信息,基于近红外光谱数据、图像数据和数据融合策略分别建立了红茶发酵程度判别模型。通过分析茶多酚和儿茶素类含量的变化,将红茶的发酵划分为3个阶段,即发酵不足、发酵适度和发酵过度。采用Savitzky-Golay光滑对原始光谱进行预处理,利用竞争自适应重加权采样（Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling, CARS）、连续投影算法（Successive Projections Algorithm, SPA）和主成分分析（Principal Components Analysis, PCA）对近红外光谱变量进行降维处理;相应地,图像进行去阴影后提取了9个颜色特征变量,采用皮尔森（Pearson）相关分析和主成分分析进行特征变量提取。最后采用线性判别分析（Linear Discriminant Analysis, LDA）和支持向量机（Support Vector Machine, SVM）分别建立了基于近红外、图像和两者数据融合的分类模型。结果表明,在建模数据相同的条件下,非线性的支持向量机模型性能优于线性判别分析模型。单一传感器数据建模效果不佳,近红外光谱和图像判别模型的预测集最大准确率仅为83.82%和73.53%。低层次数据融合建模效果较单一传感器数据建模无明显提升,而中层次的数据融合建模效果比单一数据建模均有显著提高,其中SPA提取光谱变量结合Pearson提取图像变量建立的判别模型效果较佳,校正集和预测集准确率分别达到了97.06%和95.59%。研究表明,近红外光谱和视觉结合的中层次融合策略可以作为一种快速判别红茶发酵程度的方法,研究结果为红茶发酵程度构建等级模型与判别奠定了一定的理论基础,为红茶发酵的自动化检测提供了重要依据。 相似文献
11.
针对现有目标检测模型对自然环境下茶叶病害识别易受复杂背景干扰、早期病斑难以检测等问题，该研究提出了YOLOv5-CBM茶叶病害识别模型。YOLOv5-CBM以YOLOv5s模型为基础，在主干特征提取阶段，将一个带有Transformer的C3模块和一个CA（coordinate attention）注意力机制融入特征提取网络中，实现对病害特征的提取。其次，利用加权双向特征金字塔（BiFPN）作为网络的Neck，通过自适应调节每个尺度特征的权重，使网络在获得不同尺寸特征时更好地将其融合，提高识别的准确率。最后，在检测端新增一个小目标检测头，解决了茶叶病害初期病斑较小容易出现漏检的问题。在包含有3种常见茶叶病害的数据集上进行试验，结果表明，YOLOv5-CBM对自然环境下的初期病斑检测效果有明显提高，与原始YOLOv5s模型相比，对早期茶饼病和早期茶轮斑病识别的平均精度分别提高了1.9和0.9个百分点，对不同病害检测的平均精度均值达到了97.3%，检测速度为8ms/幅，均优于其他目标检测算法。该模型具有较高的识别准确率与较强的鲁棒性，可为茶叶病害的智能诊断提供参考。 相似文献
12.
通过盆栽试验,研究了不同土壤铅浓度对茶叶生长及叶片生理特性的影响。结果表明,随着土壤铅浓度的升高,夏茶叶绿素含量显著下降,并有失绿现象,茶树生长受到一定程度的抑制。春茶叶绿素含量呈上升趋势,夏茶叶绿素含量呈先增加后降低的趋势。当铅浓度为100mg·kg-1时,叶绿素含量达到最大值2.93mg·g-1;铅浓度为1500mg·kg-1时,叶绿素含量达到最小值2.28mg·g-1;随铅浓度增加,叶片中游离脯氨酸、丙二醛含量显著增加,两者与铅浓度呈显著正相关,春茶的相关系数分别为0.922（P〈0.01）和0.880（P〈0.01）,夏茶的相关系数为0.871（P〈0.05）和0.971（P〈0.01）,且夏茶中的游离脯氨酸、丙二醛含量大于春茶。铅对春茶、夏茶中可溶性糖的合成有一定的抑制作用,相关系数分别为-0.715（P〈0.01）和-0.912（P〈0.01）。在铅浓度为0～200mg·kg-1时,春茶可溶性糖有小幅度增加;在铅浓度为200mg·kg-1时,春茶、夏茶可溶性糖含量都同时达到最大值。 相似文献
13.
Determination of theanine in commercial tea by liquid chromatography with fluorescence and diode array ultraviolet detection 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Thippeswamy R Gouda KG Rao DH Martin A Gowda LR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(19):7014-7019
Two liquid chromatographic methods that involve precolumn derivatization with o-phthaladehyde (OPA) and phenylisothiocyanate (PITC) with fluorescence and diode array UV detection for the determination of theanine have been developed. The chromatographic separations were achieved by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using octadecyl columns and gradient elution. The methods were applied to evaluate the theanine content of commercial tea leaves. The coefficient of variation of the peak area repeatability for within day (n = 8) and between day (n = 8 over 10 days) was lower than 3% for both of the methods. The estimated limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for the OPA method was 0.12 and 0.35 microg theanine, respectively. The PITC method was 500-fold more sensitive with LOD and LOQ values of 0.25 and 0.75 ng, respectively. The theanine content of the commercial tea samples varied from 2-5 mg/g leaf. The overall % recoveries for these methods ranged from 93-99.3. The sensitivity and simplicity of the method render them suitable for use in quality control laboratories. 相似文献
14.
基于近邻传播算法的茶园土壤墒情传感器布局优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对节水灌溉的土壤墒情传感器布局问题,提出了基于近邻传播算法(affinity propagation,AP聚类算法)的优化布局策略。策略在保证茶园传感网络全覆盖的基础上,实时采集试验区各节点的土壤墒情数据,构建节点土壤含水率的相似度矩阵,并迭代计算各节点的吸引度和归属度值,得出聚类数和聚类中心。结果表明,采用AP聚类算法对试验区域传感器进行优化布局,优化了传感器数量和位置,使传感器数量由25个减少到2个。在试验区随机采集土壤相对含水率,经验证,聚类中心节点的土壤相对含水率与试验区平均值相近,相对偏差近为0.76%,表明聚类中心节点的土壤墒情数据具有代表性。该方法有效降低了数据的冗余度,节约了系统成本。 相似文献
15.
Fluoride content in tea and its relationship with tea quality 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The tea plant is known as a fluorine accumulator. Fluoride (F) content in fresh leaves collected from 14 plantations in China was investigated. The F increased with maturity, and the F variation was remarkable in the tender shoots. Furthermore, significant negative relationships were observed between F content and the content of the quality parameters total polyphenols and amino acids. These substances are rich in young leaves and poor in mature ones. With regard to quality of tea products, the relationship with F content was studied using 12 brands of tea products in four categories: green tea, oolong tea, black tea, and jasmine tea collected from six provinces. The F level increased with the decline in quality and showed good correlation with the quality grades. The results suggest that the F content could be used as a quality indicator for tea evaluation. 相似文献
16.
自然光照下不同时间采集的茶叶图像存在亮度不均的现象。由于高亮度图像对比度差且嫩芽特征显著性弱，造成高亮度图像中存在较多嫩芽的漏检。针对现有茶叶嫩芽图像自动检测方法对光照变化的敏感性，该研究提出一种基于区域亮度自适应校正的茶叶嫩芽检测模型。首先，对不同时间采集的龙井43茶叶图像进行灰度化；然后，计算灰度图的平均灰度（Average Gray，AG）值，对AG值在[170,230]的高亮度图像进行不同尺寸的分块处理和局部区域伽马亮度自适应校正；最后，在相同的训练集和测试集训练多个深度学习检测模型。测试结果表明，基于YOLOv5+CSPDarknet53的检测模型比SSD+VGG16、Faster RCNN+VGG16、YOLOv3+Darknet53和YOLOv4+CSPDarknet53模型具有更优的嫩芽检测性能，精确率和召回率分别为88.2%和82.1%。对YOLOv5检测结果进行检测抑制，有效避免了同一目标被多次框选的冗余现象。[30,90)和[90,170)亮度区间内嫩芽图像具有较强的显著性特征和较高的检测精度与召回率。相较于AG值在[170,230)的高亮度原始图像的检测结果，对高亮度图像进行2×3分块和局部区域亮度自适应校正后，YOLOv5嫩芽检测召回率提高了19.2个百分点。对不同光照条件下采集的茶叶图像进行测试，基于区域亮度自适应校正的茶叶嫩芽YOLOv5检测模型获得了92.4%的检测精度和90.4%的召回率。该模型对光照强度变化具有较强的鲁棒性，研究结果为自然光照条件下茶叶嫩芽机械采摘作业提供参考。 相似文献
17.
退耕地表层土壤理化性质及酶活性变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用野外调查及室内试验相结合的方法,就退耕地土壤理化性质及酶活性特征进行了研究。结果表明:（1）土壤各粒级含量均表现为粉黏粒＞物理性黏粒＞黏粒,其中枇杷园三种粒级含量均高于其它退耕地。（2）土壤有机质的含量表现为杉树人工林＞桉树人工林＞枇杷园＞茶园＞撂荒地;土壤阳离子交换量表现为桉树人工林＞枇杷园＞茶园＞撂荒地＞杉树人工林,且不同退耕地间差异不显著;全氮含量表现为撂荒地＞枇杷园＞茶园≥桉树人工林＞杉树人工林;全磷含量表现为杉树人工林＞茶园＞撂荒地＞枇杷园＞桉树人工林;土壤全钾含量表现为枇杷园＞桉树人工林＞茶园＞撂荒地＞杉木人工林。（3）过氧化氢酶活性表现为杉树人工林＞撂荒地＞枇杷园＞茶园＞桉树人工林;撂荒地和枇杷园脲酶的活性较高,撂荒地和枇杷园的差异达极显著水平;撂荒地碱性磷酸酶的活性最高,茶园碱性磷酸酶的活性最低;酸性磷酸酶的活性表现为杉树人工林＞桉树人工林＞枇杷园＞撂荒地＞茶园。（4）土壤质量综合指数的变化趋势表现为杉木人工林＞桉树人工林＞茶园＞枇杷园＞撂荒地。 相似文献
18.
Selenium-enriched green tea leaves were prepared by foliar applications of selenium-amended fertilizer during autumn season. The influence of selenium (Se) on preservation quality of tea during 4-month storage was determined. The results showed that the Se and vitamin C contents of green tea were significantly increased by selenium spraying during the autumn tea-producing season. The vitamin C content of Se-enriched green tea was higher and its decline was significantly slower during storage compared to normal green tea. However, there was no significant difference between the contents of chlorophyll and polyphenol of Se-enriched and regular tea. During the first 60 days, the color of green tea extract in Se-enriched green tea and normal tea showed no significant difference. However, the color of green tea extract in Se-enriched green tea was more stable compared with normal tea during the storage period. The sweetness and aroma of extracts of Se-enriched green tea were also significantly higher than that of normal tea and the bitterness of extracts of Se-enriched green tea was significantly lower compared with normal tea. These results showed that selenium application can slow the reduction of tea's major component and thus improve preservation qualities of green tea. 相似文献
19.
【目的】利用电子鼻和分光测色仪建立一套快速检测茶树叶片氮含量的无损伤检测方法。【方法】供试样品为茶树顶芽向下第3~4片无损伤叶片。在预实验中优化了气体收集瓶体积、顶空预热温度和顶空时间等参数。采用电子鼻自带Winmuster软件将经过优化后的传感器响应特征值进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、线性判别法分析(linear discriminant analysis,LDA)和负荷加载分析(loadings analysis,LA),筛选出灵敏性最好的传感器。同时用分光色差仪对茶树叶片色度值进行测定。样品的测量部位是叶肉区,每组20次重复。色度值主要包括L (表示黑白或者亮暗)、a (表示红绿)、b (表示黄蓝)值。采用Origin 8.0软件对测色仪L、a、b值分别进行一元线性回归分析。利用SPSS 16.0软件采用LSD法进行单因素方差分析(one-way Anova),并进行t检验。对分光测色仪中色差指标进行筛选,以获得相关系数最高的参数。采用凯氏定氮法测定茶叶总氮含量。正式试验第二步是以不同氮含量下的电子鼻和分光测色检测数据为基础,分别建立气味、颜色、气味结合颜色的3种氮含量预测模型,并进行比较分析。【结果】通过预备试验,建立了气体收集器体积为50 mL、顶空预热温度为30℃、顶空时间为30 min的电子鼻检测体系。正式试验第一步确定了以对氮氧化合物灵敏(S2),对甲烷灵敏(S6),对无机硫化物灵敏(S7),对醇类、醛类、酮类物质灵敏(S8),对有机硫化物灵敏(S9)的传感器为主要传感器。根据L、a、b表色系统,b值与叶片缺氮程度呈线性相关。正式试验第二步利用气味、颜色、气味结合颜色建立的3个氮含量预测模型都具有可行性,其中气味结合颜色建立的预测模型准确率最高,达到90%。【结论】用气味结合颜色的预测模型预测茶树叶片氮含量准确度较高,可在实际工作中进行运用。 相似文献
20.
A standardized profiling method based on liquid chromatography with diode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (LC-DAD-ESI/MS) was applied to establish the phenolic profiles of 41 green teas and 25 fermented teas. More than 96 phenolic compounds were identified that allowed the teas to be organized into five groups. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was the major phenolic component of green tea made from mature leaves (group 2), while green tea made from the younger buds and leaves (group 1) contained lower flavonoid concentrations. Partially fermented teas (group 3) contained one-half the EGCG content of the green tea. Fully fermented black teas (group 4) had a trace of EGCG, but contained theaflavins. Highly overfermented black tea (group 5) contained only trace amounts of flavonol glycosides and theaflavins. Over 30 phenolics are new for tea, and this is the first phenolic profile to simultaneously detect C- and O-glycosylated flavonoids, catechins, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acid derivatives, and purine alkaloids. 相似文献