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大型河流中鱼类组成的eDNA监测效率:以长江武汉江段为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探讨大型河流中的 eDNA 监测效率, 以长江为大型河流的代表, 以鱼类为水生生物的代表, 分析传统捕捞监测和 eDNA 监测结果的差异, 研究 eDNA 监测技术对长江武汉江段鱼类组成的监测能力、监测效率、平行样设置等问题。结果显示: (1) 用 1 对 eDNA 宏条形码引物(mlCOIintF/jgHCO2198R)共监测到 89 种鱼类, 其中 30 种可与历史捕捞调查记录互相确认, 另外 59 种需要更完善的条形码数据库来解决序列比对注释问题; (2) 9 月在武汉监测断面, 可用单引物(mlCOIintF/jgHCO2198R) eDNA 监测到的物种最优估计约 99 种, 单样品 eDNA 监测的鱼类物种检出能力约为 26 种, 检出效率约为 25.8%; (3) 在 80%的检出度目标下, 需要约 10 个平行样, 在 95%的检出度目标下, 需要约 17 个平行样。本研究在长江武汉江段鱼类 eDNA 监测效率和平行样设置的相关量化结果可为长江其他断面及其他大型河流的 eDNA 监测提供量化参考。同时, 本研究表明, 更完善的 DNA 宏条形码数据库和合适的平行样设置是未来 eDNA 监测作为常规监测手段进行运用的前提。 相似文献
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近年来,环境DNA(Environmental DNA, eDNA)技术作为一种新的水生生物调查方法发展迅速,在水生生态系统的研究领域被广泛应用到物种检测、生物多样性评价、生物量评估等方面。然而,很少有研究专门评价eDNA技术操作流程中不同的eDNA富集方法与提取方法对研究结果的影响,从而针对具体研究对象建立一套最佳的eDNA技术操作流程。此外,由于物种间生活习性的差异,不同物种释放到环境中的DNA量及DNA片段大小不同,因而,针对不同研究对象需采用不同的eDNA富集与提取方法。本研究以中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)为研究对象,采用滤膜法富集eDNA,结合血液与组织DNA提取试剂盒提取eDNA。选取直径为47 mm的玻璃纤维膜、硝酸纤维膜、聚碳酸酯膜、尼龙膜共4种材质的滤膜,每种滤膜根据其孔径大小设置0.45、0.8、1.2、5 μm共4个梯度,取样水量设置500 ml、1 L、2 L共3个梯度。结果显示,滤膜材质、滤膜孔径大小及取样水体体积均对中国对虾的定性与定量分析具有一定的影响,其中,0.45 μm的玻璃纤维滤膜过滤2 L水样能够检测到的DNA拷贝数最多,并依据此建立了一套中国对虾eDNA技术的操作流程,提高了中国对虾的检出率,为后续中国对虾的分布监测及生物量评估提供了基础。 相似文献
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近年来,环境DNA(Environmental DNA, eDNA)技术作为一种新的水生生物调查方法发展迅速,在水生生态系统的研究领域被广泛应用到物种检测、生物多样性评价、生物量评估等方面。然而,很少有研究专门评价e DNA技术操作流程中不同的eDNA富集方法与提取方法对研究结果的影响,从而针对具体研究对象建立一套最佳的eDNA技术操作流程。此外,由于物种间生活习性的差异,不同物种释放到环境中的DNA量及DNA片段大小不同,因而,针对不同研究对象需采用不同的eDNA富集与提取方法。本研究以中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)为研究对象,采用滤膜法富集eDNA,结合血液与组织DNA提取试剂盒提取e DNA。选取直径为47 mm的玻璃纤维膜、硝酸纤维膜、聚碳酸酯膜、尼龙膜共4种材质的滤膜,每种滤膜根据其孔径大小设置0.45、0.8、1.2、5μm共4个梯度,取样水量设置500 ml、1 L、2 L共3个梯度。结果显示,滤膜材质、滤膜孔径大小及取样水体体积均对中国对虾的定性与定量分析具有一定的影响,其中,0.45μm的玻璃纤维滤膜过滤2 L水样能够检测到的DNA拷贝数最多,并依据此建立了一套中国对虾e DNA技术的操作流程,提高了中国对虾的检出率,为后续中国对虾的分布监测及生物量评估提供了基础。 相似文献
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为了筛选出适合使用eDNA技术对长江上游鱼类多样性进行研究的通用引物,本研究选择了6对引物,分别为：Mifish-U、AcMDB07、Teleo、Teleo2、 Fish16S1和FishCB,对长江上游常见的20种鱼类和3种其他水域鱼类肌肉组织提取的DNA扩增后结果显示,6对引物均能扩增出全部23种鱼类,但引物Mifish-U的扩增效果最好。进一步使用引物Mifish-U对长江上游屏山县、涪陵区和巫山县3个采样点的水样eDNA进行高通量测序,结果显示引物Mifish-U能扩增出研究使用的20种长江上游鱼类,其辨别度较高。使用引物Mifish-U对室内养殖3种鱼类的水样eDNA进行高通量测序后定性定量分析,结果显示黄颡鱼和鲤的生物量与序列数相关性显著,鲫的生物量与序列数相关性不显著。综上,引物Mifish-U更适合作为长江上游鱼类多样性研究的通用引物。 相似文献
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东平湖是黄河下游重要滞洪湖泊,也是南水北调东线最后一个调蓄湖泊。为探究东平湖鱼类多样性现状及鱼类群落特征,本研究采用环境DNA (environmental DNA, eDNA)技术,与传统网具捕捞调查进行对比分析,阐述东平湖鱼类群落多样性特征,探讨环境DNA技术在东平湖鱼类多样性长期监测中的可行性。结果显示,应用环境DNA技术共检测到5目7科23属23种鱼类。进一步分析显示,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数平均值为1.04,变幅在0.21～2.36;Pielou均匀度指数平均值为0.54,变幅在0.29～0.81;Margalef丰富度指数平均值为0.75,变幅在0.13～2.09。相似性分析(analysis of similarities, ANOSIM)表明,多样性指数在湖区与河道之间没有显著差异。非度量多维尺度分析(non-metricmultidimensionalscaling,NMDS)显示,东平湖鱼类群落可划分为4个群聚结构,分别位于东平湖沿岸、湖心以及两条河道内,群聚结构总体差异显著(R<1,P<0.05)。传统网具捕捞调查共捕获4目6科21属24... 相似文献
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2020年11月，按地理区域将贵州省清镇市猫跳河梯级水电站拦河而成的典型喀斯特高原型深水人工水库红枫湖水域划分为南湖（S1、S2、S3）和北湖（S4、S5、S6）共6个采样点，利用eDNA(environmental DNA, eDNA)宏条形码技术探究了贵州喀斯特高原水域鱼类多样性。结果：共监测到鱼类28种，隶属于4个目、13个科、25个属，其中梭鲈属（Sander）、鲚属（Coilia）、鳜属（Siniperca）、乌塘鳢属（Bostrychus）和鲈属（Perca）为优势属；南北湖鱼类群落空间分布差异性不显著（P>0.05），但各样点鱼类群落组成差异明显，其中S2鱼类群落多样性指数最高（Chao1 618.9;Shannon 3.16）,S6鱼类群落多样性指数最低（Chao1 190.87;Shannon 0.98）。在所有鱼类组成中，鲈形目共13种，占46.43%，这表明该水域可能受人工养殖及引种放流等影响而导致外来物种入侵。结果表明，环境DNA技术可用于喀斯特高原水域的鱼类多样性及空间分布研究，并丰富了红枫湖鱼类基础资料及调查手段。 相似文献
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鱼类多样性的保护对于生态系统的科学管理和资源的可持续利用至关重要。环境DNA metabarcoding技术的出现和应用为水生生物的调查与监测带来了强有力的技术革新。本研究以浙江舟山近海岛屿——西轩岛为例,设计了4个不同采样站位,先后于2019年2月(冬季)、5月(春季)和11月(秋季)共采集水样12个,通过环境DNA提取、扩增、高通量测序以及生物信息学分析,对西轩岛近海鱼类多样性进行了分析,同时评估了鱼类多样性的时空差异。结果显示,共监测到鱼类33种,隶属于12目26科32属,其中,鲈形目(Perciformes)种类最多,共19种,约占所有种类的57.6%。不同采样季节的多样性指数和均匀度指数均存在显著差异,表明季节可能是影响西轩岛近海鱼类多样性的因素之一。综合时间和空间分析的结果显示,在繁殖季节且远离舟山本岛一侧的采样点监测到的鱼种数量更多。通过比对之前传统渔业资源调查的结果发现,不同季节优势种存在较大变化,可能与采样点数量较少且集中有关。进化树富集结果显示,各季节的优势鱼种与传统调查手段的结果有较大差异,表明目前环境DNA仍不能完全替代传统调查方法,但可以将环境DNA方法与传统的调查方法相结合,以确保监测结果的准确性和可靠性。 相似文献
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Maxine P. Piggott Samuel C. Banks Ben T. Broadhurst Christopher J. Fulton Mark Lintermans 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(1):173-184
- Detecting rare species is often a necessity for conservation and management, yet challenging for many field survey methods. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a highly promising solution that has been shown to outperform many established survey methods.
- Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica) is an endangered native species that has declined significantly in range and abundance. Detection of M. australasica was compared with an abundant alien fish species (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using eDNA and three conventional survey methods: gill nets, electrofishing and fyke nets.
- eDNA occupancy estimates for both fish species were compared using four different models to investigate what effect these differences have on false positives and false negatives for the rare and common fish species. These models used unadjusted eDNA detections in water samples, eDNA detections that have been screened using a limit of detection method to remove potential false positives, eDNA data supplemented with a second survey method, or eDNA data augmented with sequencing of positive polymerase chain reaction replicates.
- eDNA surveying as a single detection method was found to be more efficient and sensitive compared with each capture method separately and combined. Occupancy estimates for the common and rare species did not vary significantly between the four site occupancy-detection models, suggesting that supplementary data may not have as much effect on occupancy estimates compared with other approaches such as temporal or spatial sampling.
- We conclude that eDNA outperforms the three established survey methods for both a rare and common freshwater fish species. Although there was no significant effect of augmenting eDNA survey methods with other survey data, additional data may improve confidence in detection, and provide confirmatory evidence for unexpected or new detections of a species.
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环境DNA在水域生态中的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
环境DNA(environmental DNA,eDNA)是指生物通过皮肤脱落、唾液、配子、粪便以及分泌物等方式向环境中释放的游离DNA。环境DNA具有敏感性、准确性以及容易操作等诸多优势,更能实时地反映物种多样性以及生物量等,近两三年受到了世界各地学者们的大量关注。水域环境高度复杂,环境DNA在水域生态领域具有重要的应用价值。本文主要从环境DNA在水域生态的应用以及研究方法方面对环境DNA的研究做一小结,同时介绍环境DNA在其他生境的应用,以期为水域生态的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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Madalyn K. Cooper Roger Huerlimann Richard C. Edmunds Alyssa M. Budd Agnès Le Port Peter M. Kyne Dean R. Jerry Colin A. Simpfendorfer 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(8):2131-2148
- Pressures on coastal ecosystems are increasing and aquatic species that are restricted to these habitats are facing the threat of extinction. However, the true extent of many threatened and rare aquatic species, especially elasmobranchs, remains unclear due to high levels of data deficiency and poor efficacy of traditional survey methods. Sawfishes (Pristidae), a family of shark-like rays, are among the most threatened and rare elasmobranch species and are difficult to detect in turbid, coastal habitats. Reliable cost-effective tools to detect these species are urgently needed to increase their conservation potential.
- Characterization of environmental DNA (eDNA) extracted from water samples has garnered significant appeal for detection of rare and threatened species. To assist conservation and monitoring efforts for sawfishes using eDNA, species-specific TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were developed and validated to detect 1.25–5 copies of a 12S rRNA gene fragment. Filter samples were collected in Northern Territory, Australia to assess the utility of the developed eDNA assays and compare the efficacy of preservation and extraction workflows for detecting rare species.
- Dwarf sawfish (Pristis clavata) were detected in three of 20 sites, and there was a significant effect of preservation and extraction workflow on total eDNA yield and subsequent detection success. Longmire's preserved samples extracted using glycogen-aided precipitation yielded a significantly higher concentration of total eDNA (n = 60; β = 1.27, t(95) = 8.172, P < 0.0001) and yielded positive P. clavata eDNA detections compared to ethanol preserved samples extracted using QIAGEN DNeasy kit, which did not yield any positive detections.
- The optimized eDNA assays were developed to support monitoring efforts for endangered sawfishes. Importantly, this study demonstrates that choice of preservation and extraction workflow requires careful consideration, especially when detection of rare or threatened species can have important management and conservation outcomes.
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Jack Rojahn Dianne M. Gleeson Elise Furlan Tim Haeusler Jonas Bylemans 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(4):990-997
- The presence of threatened or endangered species often strongly influences management and conservation decisions. Within the Murray–Darling Basin (MDB), Australia, the presence of threatened native fish affects the management and allocation of water resources. In New South Wales, these decisions are currently based on traditional fisheries data and a predictive MaxEnt model. However, it is important to verify the model's predictive power given the implication it may have, but this requires methods with a high detection sensitivity for rare species.
- Although the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring, in particular eDNA metabarcoding, achieves a higher detection sensitivity compared with traditional methods, earlier surveys in the MDB have shown that the highly abundant and invasive common carp (Cyprinus carpio) can reduce detection probabilities for rare species. Consequently, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) blocking primer designed to block the amplification of carp eDNA could increase the detection probabilities for rare native species while simultaneously reducing the required sampling effort and survey costs. Although PCR blocking primers are often used in ancient DNA and dietary studies, no aquatic eDNA metabarcoding study to date has evaluated the potential benefits of using PCR blocking primers.
- A laboratory and field-based pilot study was used to address this knowledge gap and assess the impact of a blocking primer, targeting cyprinid fishes (including carp), on the detection probabilities of native species and the minimum sampling effort required.
- Results showed that the inclusion of the blocking primer increased the detection probabilities for native species by 10–20% and reduced the minimum required sampling effort by 25–50%. These findings provide important insights into possible methods for optimizing eDNA metabarcoding surveys for the detection of rare aquatic species.