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《中国动物保健》2017,(1)
为了确定常用新型消毒剂对布鲁氏菌的杀菌/抑菌效果,本研究将聚维酮碘、戊二醛、戊二醛癸甲溴铵复方溶液、二氯异氰尿酸钠4种常用消毒剂与定量B.suis混合均匀,分别作用3 min、10 min与30 min,取0.1 m L涂布于TSA培养基中进行菌落计数;通过对不同消毒剂、不同作用时间其杀菌率的对比,确定不同消毒剂对B.suis的敏感程度。研究表明,B.suis对聚维酮碘溶液敏感性最强,10%聚维酮碘溶液1 000倍稀释作用3 min便能有效杀灭B.suis;其次戊二醛与癸甲溴铵混合溶液效果显著优于戊二醛单独使用,100倍稀释后可有效杀灭B.suis,1 000倍稀释后作用30 min可100%杀灭B.suis;而单独使用戊二醛,仅在10倍稀释时3~30 min能有效杀灭该菌,100倍稀释时作用30 min,其杀菌率仅达93%;而二氯异氰尿酸钠在4种消毒剂中消毒效果最不理想,其最高杀菌率仅为67%;因此,在布鲁氏菌病的防控中,消毒剂以聚维酮碘与戊二醛癸甲溴铵复方制剂为最佳选择。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2019,(11)
为了解市场常见的5种消毒剂(聚维酮碘、苯扎溴铵、月苄三甲氯铵、复方戊二醛、戊二醛癸甲溴铵)对鸭场常见病原菌(大肠杆菌、鸭疫里默杆菌、巴氏杆菌、沙门菌、葡萄球菌)的杀灭效果,采用营养肉汤稀释法检测最小抑菌浓度(MIC)、最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果显示:聚维酮碘对大肠杆菌、沙门菌、葡萄球菌的MICs/MBCs均为1∶4,对鸭疫里默杆菌及巴氏杆菌的MICs/MBCs均为1∶8;苯扎溴铵对这5种病原菌的MICs/MBCs分别为1∶200、1∶25;月苄三甲氯铵对这5种病原菌的MICs/MBCs分别为1∶1 920、1∶960;复方戊二醛对这几种病原菌的MICs/MBCs分别为1∶1 200、1∶600;戊二醛癸甲溴铵对这几种病原菌的MICs/MBCs分别为1∶1 000、1∶500。表明这5种消毒剂对这5种受试菌的MICs/MBCs值与消毒剂推荐使用浓度存在差异,因此,养殖厂在选择消毒剂时,应结合消毒剂对病原菌的杀灭效果,制定科学的消毒规程,对养殖场进行有效消毒。 相似文献
3.
为给父母代种鸡殖场正确做好消毒工作提供一套理论数据,本研究选择5种消毒剂对鸡场采集细菌培养物消毒效果进行评估。将3.1×10~7CFU/ml的细菌液与不同稀释倍数消毒剂分别反应30min、1、3、5、10、12、24h,培养并计数反应后的菌落总数。结果表明,复方戊二醛溶液稀释至1000倍、火碱稀释至1%、10%聚维酮碘稀释至0.5%、过硫酸钾复合粉稀释至800倍、复方酚溶液稀释至600倍,反应30min杀菌率可达100%。该研究结果,结合5种消毒剂的成本和消毒机理可以选择合适的消毒方案。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2020,(6)
为评价种禽场常用消毒剂对基因Ⅶ型新城疫病毒(NDV)的灭活效果,采用悬液定量法和鸡胚接种试验对癸甲溴铵溶液、聚维酮碘溶液和戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液3种消毒剂的最低杀毒浓度及其工作液的稳定性进行了研究。在试验条件下,3种消毒剂对基因Ⅶ型NDV均有良好的杀灭效果。癸甲溴铵、聚维酮碘和戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液杀灭病毒的最低有效浓度分别为25、44.44 mg/L和0.27 mL/L(含戊二醛和苯扎溴铵各约26.67 mg/L)。配制的5 g/L聚维酮碘溶液和0.1 g/L癸甲溴铵溶液消毒工作液完全杀灭病毒的时间分别可保持10 d和135 d,而10 mL/L戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液则至少可保持180 d。 相似文献
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为了比较常用消毒剂对H7N9亚型流感病毒杀灭效果,依照2002年版《消毒技术规范》,评估过硫酸氢钾复合物粉、聚维酮碘溶液、戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液、稀戊二醛溶液4种消毒剂在不同浓度下,与H7N9亚型流感病毒作用10 min、30 min和60 min的灭活效果。结果显示,0.2%(w/v)过硫酸氢钾复合物粉溶液作用10 min,0.5%(w/v)聚维酮碘溶液作用30 min,0.1%(v/v)戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液作用30 min,或0.3%(v/v)稀戊二醛溶液作用30 min,均可将H7N9亚型流感病毒完全灭活。与推荐使用浓度相比,戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液、稀戊二醛溶液、聚维酮碘可以有效灭活H7N9亚型流感病毒,而过硫酸氢钾复合物粉不能有效灭活H7N9亚型流感病毒。本研究对H7N9亚型流感病毒消毒剂的选用具有指导意义。 相似文献
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为评价泡沫型消毒剂的实际消毒效果，特进行现场消毒试验。选取一栋空置猪舍，使用泡沫枪以泡沫型戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液消毒，分别对地面、墙壁、房顶各区域3处消毒前后的杀菌率进行计算。结果显示，9处检测点的杀菌率均大于98.00%，证实泡沫型消毒剂对水平面和垂直面均可以起到较好的消毒效果。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2015,(8)
为了解不同消毒模式对种鸭场空舍期舍内微生物种类和数量的影响,制定出适用于示范推广的种鸭场消毒方案,通过对潍坊地区规模化种鸭场的消毒情况进行调查,选取3个饲养模式类似但消毒程序不同的种鸭场,对其进行了消毒前后鸭舍内空气中及物体表面的细菌总数、大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌和真菌总数的检测。结果表明,消毒模式Ⅰ和Ⅱ对地面、水槽表面微生物的杀灭效果均显著,杀菌率在90.9%以上;模式Ⅰ对鸭舍空气中、墙壁表面微生物的杀灭效果优于模式Ⅱ,杀菌率在90%以上;模式Ⅱ对稻壳的消毒效果较好,杀菌率高于模式Ⅰ;模式Ⅲ对空气中、物体表面微生物的杀灭效果均较差。因此推荐该地区的种鸭场采用消毒模式Ⅰ和Ⅱ相结合的方式进行消毒。 相似文献
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针对目前广西农村养蚕生产使用的消毒剂产品质量参差不齐问题,选择农村养蚕生产应用的10种消毒剂:戊二醛、福尔马林、聚维酮碘、癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘、苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵、月苄三甲氯铵、二氧化氯、优氯净和漂白粉精,按消毒剂的生产实用浓度开展对家蚕病原体的杀灭效果试验,并调查其酸碱度和腐蚀性。结果显示:10种消毒剂对家蚕病原体的杀灭效果有很大差异,其中含醛类的戊二醛、含碘类的聚维酮碘和癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘对家蚕病原体基本没有杀灭效果;季铵盐类的苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵、月苄三甲氯铵对家蚕灵菌和白僵菌有杀灭效果,但对家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)和家蚕微孢子虫(Nb)没有杀灭效果;含氯类的优氯净和其他类的二氧化氯对家蚕灵菌、白僵菌和Nb病原体有较好的杀灭效果,但对BmNPV的杀灭效果差;对家蚕病原体的杀灭效果是含氯类的漂白粉精最佳,含醛类的福尔马林次之。消毒剂酸碱度对其杀灭家蚕病原体具有重要影响,戊二醛、福尔马林、聚维酮碘、癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘、苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵、月苄三甲氯铵、二氧化氯、优氯净等9种消毒剂呈酸性或弱碱性,杀灭BmNPV的能力差。醛制剂、碘制剂和季铵盐类消毒剂属于轻度腐蚀,对养蚕用具腐蚀性低;氯制剂类型消毒剂属于中度、重度腐蚀,腐蚀性强。为达到有效控制蚕病的发生,及满足农村养蚕既能消毒防病又能降低成本的需求,仍需要进一步研发广谱、高效、低毒、低刺激、低腐蚀的新型蚕用消毒剂。 相似文献
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当EDTA-Tris与不同消毒药物联合使用时,两者之间可能表现出增强、协同或拮抗作用。试验表明,当EDTA-Tris与新洁尔灭或甲醛联合应用时,其对试验菌的杀菌效能均表现出协同或增强作用,而与戊二醛、聚维酮碘或十二烷基硫酸钠联合应用时,其对不同菌株的杀菌作用则表现不一,与聚维酮碘联合应用时,对大肠杆菌的抑杀效能表现为拮抗作用,与十二烷基硫酸钠联合应用时,对链球菌的抑杀效能则表现为拮抗作用,而与戊二醛联合应用时,则对链球菌和大肠杆菌的抑杀效能均表现出拮抗作用。 相似文献
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为评价戊二醛、酚、含碘类等常用消毒剂消毒后对非洲猪瘟病毒荧光定量PCR检测结果的影响,基于畜禽栏舍、运载工具、器具消毒及皮肤黏膜消毒目的,按消毒剂说明书推荐选择不同工作浓度,分别与不同滴度的非洲猪瘟病毒培养物于20℃条件下作用30 min后,采用荧光定量PCR方法检测作用后产物。结果显示,与对应的阳性对照组相比,含氯类(二氯异氰尿酸钠)、过硫酸氢钾类、二氧化氯类消毒剂,消毒后对荧光定量PCR检测结果影响最显著,检测Ct值显著上升或检测不到;戊二醛类、含碘类(主要成分聚维酮碘)消毒剂,核酸降解能力相对较弱,检测Ct值稍有上升;酚类、季铵盐类、含碘类(主要成分碘、磷酸、硫酸)类消毒剂,检测Ct值基本无变化。本研究评价了7类常用消毒剂消毒对非洲猪瘟病毒荧光定量PCR检测结果的影响,可为防控实践中科学、客观评价分析消毒效果提供技术参考。 相似文献
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为了解内江市猪源大肠埃希菌对抗菌药与消毒剂的交叉耐药情况及交叉耐药机制。本试验以大肠埃希菌标准菌株(ATCC 25922)为质控菌,检测从内江市分离的66株猪源大肠埃希菌的耐药性,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定常用抗菌药恩诺沙星、土霉素和消毒剂苯扎溴铵、戊二醛对受试菌株的最小抑菌浓度(MIC),进行耐药性检测,并筛选出对抗菌药和消毒剂均耐药的交叉耐药菌;PCR扩增标准菌株和交叉耐药菌的qacE△1、acrA、acrB和tolC基因,采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测基因携带和扩增情况,并对acrA、acrB和tolC基因进行测序,以标准菌株的acrA、acrB和tolC基因为参照,比对交叉耐药菌相应基因突变情况。结果显示,从内江市分离的66株猪源大肠埃希菌对恩诺沙星和土霉素完全耐药,对苯扎溴铵耐药的有3株,而所有菌株均对戊二醛敏感,即对抗菌药和消毒剂均耐药的交叉耐药菌有3株,编号分别为5、6、7号。在检测的3株交叉耐药菌中,仅6号菌检出qacE△1基因;基因序列比对结果显示,与标准菌株相比,交叉耐药菌的acrA、acrB和tolC基因碱基和氨基酸均有突变发生,碱基突变率最高的是7号菌的tolC基因(2.10%),突变率最低的是7号菌的acrA基因(0.97%);氨基酸突变率最高的为7号菌的acrB基因(2.39%),突变率最低的是tolC基因,且3株菌突变率相同(均为0.22%);3个基因有部分碱基或氨基酸有一致突变。所检测的内江市猪源大肠埃希菌对常用抗菌药恩诺沙星和土霉素耐药性严重,已有对抗菌药和消毒剂交叉耐药的菌株,且其交叉耐药的机制与外排泵AcrAB-TolC有相关性。 相似文献
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Nannan Chen Shanshan Liu Yu Liu Tongtong Bai Lihua Jia Li Wang Shan Yue Chenhua Wu Wenjing Huang Li Gao Jinlei Fu Siyu Liu Tong Zhao Juan Li Yuntao Zhang Zhanbo Zhu 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2021,85(2):151
Disinfection is key for controlling microbial contamination and ensuring the safe production of milk and dairy products. In this study, we developed a new disinfection method using quaternary ammonium surfactant N-dodecyl-2-(pyridin-1-yl) acetamide chloride as the main component to form a bactericidal complex with either chlorhexidine acetate or glutaraldehyde, and we evaluated the bactericidal effects, safety, and clinical application value of the compound disinfectants. An in vivo acute oral toxicity assay in mice showed an LD50 > 5000 mg/kg body weight without abnormality in pathological tissue sections. Comparison with commercially available products also showed that they have outstanding bactericidal effects. Clinical trials proved that the compound disinfectants have excellent bactericidal effects on the air and ground of the dairy farm and on the skin of cattle, especially in a dairy farm environment. Our findings confirm that the new compound disinfectants have excellent bactericidal performance and are safe to use as disinfectants to prevent mastitis and contamination of the cattle farm environment. 相似文献
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Phenotypic Resistance to Disinfectants and Antibiotics in Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Pigs 
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下载免费PDF全文 E. Espigares E. Moreno Roldan M. Espigares R. Abreu B. Castro A. L. Dib Á. Arias 《Zoonoses and public health》2017,64(4):272-280
The aim of this research was to study the phenotypic resistances to disinfectants and antibiotics in strains of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) obtained from Canary black pigs. Analyses were performed on 54 strains of MRSA, isolated in Canary black pigs from the province of Tenerife (Spain); all of them carried the mecA gene. The strains were isolated by means of nasal swab samples of healthy pigs, collected under veterinarian supervision. Bactericidal activity of antiseptics and disinfectants was tested by means of the dilution–neutralization method. Susceptibility to the disinfectants glutaraldehyde, peracetic acid and silver nitrate was assessed, as well as to the antiseptics chlorhexidine, benzalkonium chloride and povidone iodine. Susceptibility to a wide array of antibiotics representing the main groups was determined by means of the disc diffusion method. All the strains demonstrated susceptibility to the disinfectants tested at the recommended concentration, and even to dilutions equal to or lesser than 1/16. The most effective antiseptic and disinfectant were, respectively, chlorhexidine and silver nitrate. With regard to the antibiotics, the strains proved to be multiresistant. All presented phenotypic resistance to the β‐lactam antibiotics ampicillin, penicillin and cefoxitin, as well as to numerous aminoglycosides, tetracycline and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. It was also observed that 61.1% of the strains were carriers of plasmids. Our results underline that in the strains such as MRSA, which show multiple resistances to antibiotics, the antiseptics and disinfectants show great efficacy. Moreover, as other authors also suggest, for the treatment and prevention of infections caused by MRSA, the use of β‐lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics may be less effective. 相似文献
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[目的]分析规模化驴场空气环境中细菌数量与种类,指导驴场防御和控制细菌性疾病的方向。[方法]从不同开放模式的驴舍用自然沉降法收集其内部空气中细菌样本及场区周边不同距离的空气细菌样本,使用平皿法对采集的细菌进行培养、计数、鉴别。[结果]驴场内空气中细菌总数的范围8.39×10~3~3.43×10~4CFU/m~3,保育驴舍（封闭式驴舍）的细菌总数高于分娩驴舍（半开放式驴舍）及种公驴舍（开放式驴舍）,其中种公驴舍细菌总数最低。驴场对周边空气环境的污染范围为200 m。主要优势菌落是葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌等。[结论]规模化驴场空气环境中的细菌种类繁多,驴舍内细菌数量与其开放方式有关,且细菌数量随距驴场距离的增加而减少。 相似文献
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Twelve disinfectant products or compounds were evaluated for their ability to kill Microsporum canis harvested from naturally infected material. The disinfectants were diluted to the concentration recommended for the disinfection of clean surfaces and the potency of each substance was determined by the degree to which it could be further diluted before losing its fungicidal action. Hypochlorite, benzalkonium chloride and glutaraldehyde based compounds were the most effective agents and phenolics, alcohol and anionic detergents were inadequate. Urea (10 mM) did not adversely affect the potency of any of the compounds. 相似文献
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Evaluation of Surgical Scrub Methods for Large Animal Surgeons 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
P. Y. WAN DVM Diplomate ACVS J. T. BLACKFORD DVM MS Diplomate ACVS D. A. BEMIS PhD B. W. ROHRBACH VMD MPH D. E. KNOLL VHT M. K. PROVENZA BSMT 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(5):382-385
Objective— The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a 5–minute surgical scrub using either a one-brush or a two-brush technique in clean and dirty surgical procedures, and to compare the efficacy of povidone iodine with chlorhexidine as surgical scrub solutions. Study Design— Prospective clinical trial. Methods— Nine veterinarians scrubbed their hands on eight separate occasions using either povidone iodine or chlorhexidine gluconate. A 5-minute scrub and either a one-brush or two-brush technique used in both clean and dirty operations were evaluated by taking glove juice samples before scrubbing, immediately after scrubbing, and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after scrubbing. Glove juice samples were cultured and the colonies were counted. Percent reductions of bacterial forming units were calculated for all eight scrub procedures. Results— All scrub procedures provided an adequate percent reduction in colony forming units (CFU) during the 2–hour sampling period. The number of CFU immediately after scrubbing were significantly lower than prescrub. At 120 minutes, there were significantly fewer CFUs than presecrub, but there were more than immediately after scrubbing. No significant difference in reduction in CFUs were detected between one-brush and two-brush techniques. Both chlorhexidine and povidone iodine scrub solutions adequately reduced bacterial colony counts for 120 minutes after scrubbing regardless of the amount of contamination before skin preparation. Conclusions— Bacterial counts after a hand scrub procedure using a one-brush technique were not significantly different than after a procedure that used a two-brush technique. Povidone iodine and chlorhexidine are equally effectively in decreasing bacterial numbers on the skin, given a variety of contamination levels present before the scrub procedure. Clinical Relevance— Surgeons may use either chlorhexidine or povidone iodine for antiseptic preparation of their hands before surgery. A two-brush technique is not necessary. 相似文献
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